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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Presidential-Parliamentary
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
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About parliament
Basic information such as the official name of parliament and details of its structure and leadership. Also includes the current breakdown of MPs by sex and age, and provisions for quotas and reserved seats.
- Parliament name
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Parlement (Parliament)
- Chamber name
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Sénat (Senate)
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Structure & status of parliament
This field is to indicate lower/upper in the back end.
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Upper chamber
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Parliamentary term (years)
Length of the parliamentary term in years
View field in the data dictionary -
6
Notes: Parliamentary term: 6 years; one half of the membership is renewed every three years
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IPU membership
- Affiliation periods
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from 1889
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IPU Geopolitical Group/s
IPU Geopolitical Groups: African Group, Arab Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Eurasia Group, Group of Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC), Twelve Plus Group.
View field in the data dictionary -
Twelve Plus Group
Speaker
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Official title
The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.
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President of the Senate
- Speaker
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Gérard Larcher (Male)
Date of birth: 14 Sep 1949 -
Term
Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker
View field in the data dictionary -
01 Oct 2014
- Additional information
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Elected on 1 Oct. 2014, re-elected on 2 Oct. 2017, 1 Oct. 2020 and on 2 Oct. 2023.
Speaker terms
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Secretary general
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Official title
This post is most commonly called Secretary General or Clerk. It may also be called Secretary, Head/Chief of the Secretariat, Director General, etc.
View field in the data dictionary -
Secretary General of the Senate
- Secretary General
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Eric Tavernier (Male)
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Term
Start (and end) of the term of the Secretary general
View field in the data dictionary -
31 Mar 2020
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Notes
Additional information about the Secretary General, in particular regarding their term.
View field in the data dictionary -
31 March 2020 -
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Official title
This post is most commonly called Secretary General or Clerk. It may also be called Secretary, Head/Chief of the Secretariat, Director General, etc.
View field in the data dictionary -
Secretary General of the Questor's office
- Secretary General
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Marianne Bay (Female)
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Term
Start (and end) of the term of the Secretary general
View field in the data dictionary -
07 Nov 2018
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Notes
Additional information about the Secretary General, in particular regarding their term.
View field in the data dictionary -
Appointed on 7 Nov. 2018.
Members
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Statutory number of members
Statutory number of members, as defined in the constitution or other fundamental law.
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348
Notes: Indirect election by popularly chosen departmental electoral colleges.
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- Principal mode of designation of members
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Indirectly elected
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Indirectly elected members
Indirectly elected, for example by regional parliaments or an electoral college.
View field in the data dictionary -
348
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Current number of members
Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.
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348
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Men
The number of male parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
View field in the data dictionary -
214
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Women
The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
View field in the data dictionary -
134
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Percentage of women
Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.
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38.5%
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Statutory number of members per country
As defined in the constitution or other fundamental laws. Combines the number of parliamentarians in both chambers in bicameral parliaments.
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925
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Population (in thousands)
Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects.
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66,439
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Inhabitants per parliamentarian
Calculated by dividing the population by the statutory number of parliamentarians.
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71,826
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Age
Data on the age of parliamentarians is collected at the start of the legislature, following the most recent elections. This data is not updated during the legislature, except when parliament notifies the IPU of a change in the youngest or oldest member.
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Average age of all members
Average age of members, for which data is available, at the time of the last election or renewal.
View field in the data dictionary -
59.9(2023-10)
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- Youngest member
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Mathilde Ollivier (Female)
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Youngest member (years)
Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.
View field in the data dictionary -
29
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- Oldest member
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Jean-Marie Vanlerenberghe (Male)
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Oldest member (years)
Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.
View field in the data dictionary -
84
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Number of members, by age
(2023-10)
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See historical data for this field
| 18 - 20 | 21 - 30 | 31 - 40 | 41 - 45 | 46 - 50 | 51 - 60 | 61 - 70 | 71 - 80 | 81 - 90 | 91 and over | Totals per gender | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 0 | 1 | 10 | 11 | 20 | 56 | 88 | 34 | 2 | 0 | 222 |
| Female | 0 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 48 | 47 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 126 |
| Totals per age interval | 0 | 2 | 14 | 17 | 32 | 104 | 135 | 42 | 2 | 0 | 348 |
| Total <= 45: 33 | Total >= 46: 315 | ||||||||||
| Age at the last election or renewal | Overall | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|---|
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Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger
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0.6% | 0.3% | 0.3% |
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Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger
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4.6% | 3% | 1.4% |
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Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger
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9.5% | 6% | 3.2% |
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Members for whom data is available
Number of members, at the start of the legislature, for whom age data is available
View field in the data dictionary -
348(2023-10)
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Reserved seats and quotas
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There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups
Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.
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No
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Electoral quota for women
Quotas to promote gender-balanced representation in parliament
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Yes
Notes: Legislated Candidate Quota. The principle of equal access is enshrined in the Constitution. There should be alternation of male and female candidates. The difference between the number of candidates of each gender cannot be greater than 1.
Sources: Constitution, Articles 1(2), 3 and 4. Electoral Code, Articles L300 (1) and L299 (1).
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Youth quota
Quotas to promote the representation of youth in parliament.
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No
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Links to additional information
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Parliamentary website
Link(s) to parliamentary web site in English, French and/or local languages.
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List of members
Link(s) to list of members on the parliamentary web site.
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Rules of procedure/Standing Orders
Link(s) to Rules of procedure on the parliamentary web site in English, French and/or local language.
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Constitution
Official links to the Constitution in English, French and/or original language is provided. Links to unofficial translations where no other source is available.
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