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Guatemala

Congress of the Republic

Political system

Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.

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Presidential system

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Structure of parliament

Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral

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Unicameral

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IPU membership

Current membership status

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Yes

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About parliament

Basic information such as the official name of parliament and details of its structure and leadership. Also includes the current breakdown of MPs by sex and age, and provisions for quotas and reserved seats.

Parliament name
Congreso de la República (Congress of the Republic)
Chamber name
Congreso de la República (Congress of the Republic)

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Structure & status of parliament

This field is to indicate lower/upper in the back end.

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Lower chamber
Parliamentary term (years)

Length of the parliamentary term in years

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4

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IPU membership

Affiliation periods
from 1961 to 1962
from 1979 to 1981
from 1986
IPU Geopolitical Group/s

IPU Geopolitical Groups: African Group, Arab Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Eurasia Group, Group of Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC), Twelve Plus Group.

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Group of Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC)

Speaker

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Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Luis Alberto Contreras Colíndres (Male)
Date of birth: 07 Feb 1950
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2026
Additional information

Elected on 4 Nov. 2025 effective from 14 January 2026.

Speaker terms

No information available

Secretary general

Official title

This post is most commonly called Secretary General or Clerk. It may also be called Secretary, Head/Chief of the Secretariat, Director General, etc.

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Legislative Director (Director Legislativo)
Secretary General
Marvin Adolfo Alvarado Andres (Male)
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Secretary general

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No information available

Members

Statutory number of members

Statutory number of members, as defined in the constitution or other fundamental law.

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160

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Principal mode of designation of members
Directly elected

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Directly elected members

Directly elected by citizens.

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160
Current number of members

Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.

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160

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Men

The number of male parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.

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128

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Women

The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.

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32

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Percentage of women

Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.

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20.0%

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Statutory number of members per country

As defined in the constitution or other fundamental laws. Combines the number of parliamentarians in both chambers in bicameral parliaments.

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160

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Population (in thousands)

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects.

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18,125

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Inhabitants per parliamentarian

Calculated by dividing the population by the statutory number of parliamentarians.

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113,281

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Age

Data on the age of parliamentarians is collected at the start of the legislature, following the most recent elections. This data is not updated during the legislature, except when parliament notifies the IPU of a change in the youngest or oldest member.

Average age of all members

Average age of members, for which data is available, at the time of the last election or renewal.

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44.9
(2024-01)

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Youngest member
Randy Araely Coc Figueroa (Male)

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Youngest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

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22

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Oldest member
Luis Alberto Contreras Colíndres (Male)

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Oldest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

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73

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Number of members, by age (2024-01)

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Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 9 46 16 15 33 7 2 0 0 128
Female 0 1 14 6 3 4 1 3 0 0 32
Totals per age interval 0 10 60 22 18 37 8 5 0 0 160
Total <= 45: 92 Total >= 46: 68
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

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6.3% 5.6% 0.6%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

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43.8% 34% 9.4%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

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57.5% 44% 13.1%
Members for whom data is available

Number of members, at the start of the legislature, for whom age data is available

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160
(2024-01)

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Reserved seats and quotas

There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups

Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.

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No

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Electoral quota for women

Quotas to promote gender-balanced representation in parliament

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Yes

Notes: Voluntary political party quotas.

Sources: cf. individual party statutes.

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Youth quota

Quotas to promote the representation of youth in parliament.

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No

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Links to additional information

Parliamentary website

Link(s) to parliamentary web site in English, French and/or local languages.

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List of members

Link(s) to list of members on the parliamentary web site.

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Rules of procedure/Standing Orders

Link(s) to Rules of procedure on the parliamentary web site in English, French and/or local language.

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No information available
Constitution

Official links to the Constitution in English, French and/or original language is provided. Links to unofficial translations where no other source is available.

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Historical data for IPU membership

Historical data for IPU membership
Year IPU membership
2020-09
List of values for 2020-09
No
2019-04
List of values for 2019-04
No
2018-06
List of values for 2018-06
No

Historical data for IPU membership

Historical data for IPU membership
Updated at IPU membership
1986-01 Yes
1982-01 No
1979-01 Yes
1963-01 No
1961-01 Yes

Historical data for Chamber name

Historical data for Chamber name
Updated at Chamber name
1954-01 Congreso de la República (Congress of the Republic)
- Congress of the Republic
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Luis Alberto Contreras Colíndres (Male)
Date of birth: 07 Feb 1950
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2026
Additional information

Elected on 4 Nov. 2025 effective from 14 January 2026.

Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Nery Abilio Ramos y Ramos (Male)
Date of birth: 12 May 1979
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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19 Jan 2024 to 13 Jan 2026
Additional information

Elected on 19 Jan. 2024, re-elected on 22 Oct. 2024 for one-year term effective from 14 January 2025.

Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
No information available
The post of Speaker is currently vacant
Yes
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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17 Jan 2024 to 18 Jan 2024
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Pérez Álvarez (Male)
Date of birth: 27 Aug 1992
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2024 to 16 Jan 2024
Additional information

Elected on 14 Jan. 2024.

Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Shirley Joanna Rivera Zaldaña (Female)
Date of birth: 1971
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2022 to 13 Jan 2024
Additional information

Elected on 14 Jan. 2022, re-elected on 14 Jan. 2023.

Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Allan Estuardo Rodríguez Reyes (Male)
Date of birth: 1981
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2020 to 13 Jan 2022
Additional information

Elected on 14 Jan. 2020.

Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Álvaro Enrique Arzú Escobar (Male)
Date of birth: 1985
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2018 to 13 Jan 2020
Additional information

Elected on 14 Jan. 2018, re-elected on 14 Jan. 2019.

Historical data for Speaker

Historical data for Speaker
Updated at Speaker
2026-01
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Luis Alberto Contreras Colíndres (Male)
Date of birth: 07 Feb 1950
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2026
Additional information

Elected on 4 Nov. 2025 effective from 14 January 2026.

2024-01
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

View field in the data dictionary
President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Nery Abilio Ramos y Ramos (Male)
Date of birth: 12 May 1979
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

View field in the data dictionary
19 Jan 2024 to 13 Jan 2026
Additional information

Elected on 19 Jan. 2024, re-elected on 22 Oct. 2024 for one-year term effective from 14 January 2025.

2024-01
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
No information available
The post of Speaker is currently vacant
Yes
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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17 Jan 2024 to 18 Jan 2024
2024-01
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Pérez Álvarez (Male)
Date of birth: 27 Aug 1992
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2024 to 16 Jan 2024
Additional information

Elected on 14 Jan. 2024.

2022-01
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Shirley Joanna Rivera Zaldaña (Female)
Date of birth: 1971
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2022 to 13 Jan 2024
Additional information

Elected on 14 Jan. 2022, re-elected on 14 Jan. 2023.

2020-01
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Allan Estuardo Rodríguez Reyes (Male)
Date of birth: 1981
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2020 to 13 Jan 2022
Additional information

Elected on 14 Jan. 2020.

2018-01
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Congress of the Republic
Speaker
Álvaro Enrique Arzú Escobar (Male)
Date of birth: 1985
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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14 Jan 2018 to 13 Jan 2020
Additional information

Elected on 14 Jan. 2018, re-elected on 14 Jan. 2019.

Historical data for Statutory number of members

Historical data for Statutory number of members
Updated at Statutory number of members
2019-06 160
2005-01 158

Historical data for Current number of members

Historical data for Current number of members
Updated at Current number of members
2020-01 160
2019-12 158
2019-06 160
2003-11 158
1999-11 113
1994-08 80
1990-01 116
1985-01 100
1978-01 62
1974-01 50
1970-01 49
1966-01 55
1954-01 66

Historical data for Men

Historical data for Men
Updated at Men
2024-01 128
2023-12 129
2023-06 128
2020-01 129
2019-12 128
2019-06 129
2018-12 128

Historical data for Women

Historical data for Women
Updated at Women
2024-01 32
2023-12 31
2023-06 32
2020-01 31
2019-12 30
2019-06 31
2018-12 30
2016-12 20
2015-11 22
2011-09 21
2007-09 19
2003-11 13
2001-01 8
2000-01 10
1999-11 8
1995-11 10
1990-01 6
1985-01 7
1974-01 2
1966-01 1
1955-01 0
1954-01 1

Historical data for Percentage of women

Historical data for Percentage of women
Updated at Percentage of women
2024-01 20.0%
2023-12 19.4%
2023-06 20.0%
2020-01 19.4%
2019-12 19.0%
2019-06 19.4%
2018-12 19.0%
2016-12 12.7%
2015-11 13.9%
2011-09 13.3%
2007-09 12.0%
2003-11 8.2%
2001-01 7.1%
2000-01 8.8%
1999-11 7.1%
1995-11 12.5%
1994-08 7.5%
1990-01 5.2%
1985-01 7.0%
1978-01 3.2%
1974-01 4.0%
1970-01 2.0%
1966-01 1.8%
1955-01 0.0%
1954-01 1.5%

Historical data for Statutory number of members per country

Historical data for Statutory number of members per country
Updated at Statutory number of members per country
2019-06 160
2005-01 158

Historical data for Population (in thousands)

Historical data for Population (in thousands)
Updated at Population (in thousands)
2023-01 18,125
2022-01 17,848
2021-01 17,599
2015-01 16,252
2014-01 15,924
2013-01 15,596
2012-01 15,271
2011-01 14,949
2010-01 14,630
2009-01 14,316
2008-01 14,006
2007-01 13,700
2006-01 13,397
2005-01 13,096
2004-01 12,797
2003-01 12,500
2002-01 12,209
2001-01 11,925
2000-01 11,651
1999-01 11,387
1998-01 11,134
1997-01 10,888
1996-01 10,647
1995-01 10,408
1994-01 10,172
1993-01 9,939
1992-01 9,709
1991-01 9,483
1990-01 9,264
1989-01 9,050
1988-01 8,843
1987-01 8,639
1986-01 8,439
1985-01 8,240
1984-01 8,043
1983-01 7,847
1982-01 7,655
1981-01 7,466
1980-01 7,283
1979-01 7,106
1978-01 6,934
1977-01 6,766
1976-01 6,599
1975-01 6,434
1974-01 6,269
1973-01 6,105
1972-01 5,942
1971-01 5,780
1970-01 5,622
1969-01 5,466
1968-01 5,312
1967-01 5,161
1966-01 5,013
1965-01 4,870
1964-01 4,731
1963-01 4,596
1962-01 4,464
1961-01 4,336
1960-01 4,211
1959-01 4,088
1958-01 3,968
1957-01 3,850
1956-01 3,736
1955-01 3,625
1954-01 3,518
1953-01 3,413
1952-01 3,312
1951-01 3,212
1945-01 3,115

Historical data for Inhabitants per parliamentarian

Historical data for Inhabitants per parliamentarian
Updated at Inhabitants per parliamentarian
2023-01 113,281
2022-01 111,550
2021-01 109,994
2019-06 102,861
2015-01 102,861
2014-01 100,785
2013-01 98,709
2012-01 96,652
2011-01 94,614
2010-01 92,595
2009-01 90,608
2008-01 88,646
2007-01 86,709
2006-01 84,791
2005-01 82,886

Historical data for Average age of all members

Historical data for Average age of all members
Updated at Average age of all members
2024-01 44.9
2020-01 47.0
2016-01 No information available
2012-01 47.0

Historical data for Members for whom data is available

Historical data for Members for whom data is available
Updated at Members for whom data is available
2024-01 160
2020-01 160
2016-01 148
Youngest member
Randy Araely Coc Figueroa (Male)
Youngest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

View field in the data dictionary
22
Youngest member
Napoleón Castillo Santos (Male)
Youngest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

View field in the data dictionary
19

Historical data for Youngest member

Historical data for Youngest member
Updated at Youngest member
2024-01
Youngest member
Randy Araely Coc Figueroa (Male)
Youngest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

View field in the data dictionary
22
2020-01
Youngest member
Napoleón Castillo Santos (Male)
Youngest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

View field in the data dictionary
19
Oldest member
Luis Alberto Contreras Colíndres (Male)
Oldest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

View field in the data dictionary
73
Oldest member
Adela Ana María del Rosario Camacho Sinibaldi de Torrebiarte (Female)
Oldest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

View field in the data dictionary
70

Historical data for Oldest member

Historical data for Oldest member
Updated at Oldest member
2024-01
Oldest member
Luis Alberto Contreras Colíndres (Male)
Oldest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

View field in the data dictionary
73
2020-01
Oldest member
Adela Ana María del Rosario Camacho Sinibaldi de Torrebiarte (Female)
Oldest member (years)

Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.

View field in the data dictionary
70
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 9 46 16 15 33 7 2 0 0 128
Female 0 1 14 6 3 4 1 3 0 0 32
Totals per age interval 0 10 60 22 18 37 8 5 0 0 160
Total <= 45: 92 Total >= 46: 68
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

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6.3% 5.6% 0.6%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

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43.8% 34% 9.4%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

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57.5% 44% 13.1%
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 1 7 22 17 18 41 20 0 0 0 126
Female 0 3 14 3 6 6 1 1 0 0 34
Totals per age interval 1 10 36 20 24 47 21 1 0 0 160
Total <= 45: 67 Total >= 46: 93
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

6.9% 5.0% 1.9%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

29.4% 19% 10.6%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

41.9% 29% 12.5%
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 5 21 25 25 40 16 1 0 0 133
Female 0 0 1 3 4 6 1 0 0 0 15
Totals per age interval 0 5 22 28 29 46 17 1 0 0 148
Total <= 45: 55 Total >= 46: 93
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

3.4% 3.4% 0.0%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

18.2% 18% 0.7%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

37.2% 34% 2.7%

Historical data for Breakdown of members by age and sex

Historical data for Breakdown of members by age and sex
Updated at Breakdown of members by age and sex
2024-01
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 9 46 16 15 33 7 2 0 0 128
Female 0 1 14 6 3 4 1 3 0 0 32
Totals per age interval 0 10 60 22 18 37 8 5 0 0 160
Total <= 45: 92 Total >= 46: 68
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

6.3% 5.6% 0.6%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

43.8% 34% 9.4%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

57.5% 44% 13.1%
2020-01
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 1 7 22 17 18 41 20 0 0 0 126
Female 0 3 14 3 6 6 1 1 0 0 34
Totals per age interval 1 10 36 20 24 47 21 1 0 0 160
Total <= 45: 67 Total >= 46: 93
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

6.9% 5.0% 1.9%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

29.4% 19% 10.6%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

41.9% 29% 12.5%
2016-01
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 5 21 25 25 40 16 1 0 0 133
Female 0 0 1 3 4 6 1 0 0 0 15
Totals per age interval 0 5 22 28 29 46 17 1 0 0 148
Total <= 45: 55 Total >= 46: 93
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

3.4% 3.4% 0.0%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

18.2% 18% 0.7%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

37.2% 34% 2.7%

Historical data for Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

Historical data for Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger
Updated at Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger
2024-01 6.3%
2020-01 6.9%
2016-01 3.4%