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URL: https://data.ipu.org/parliament/SZ/SZ-UC01/

⇱ Eswatini | Senate | IPU Parline: global data on national parliaments

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Eswatini

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Senate

Political system

Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.

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Monarchy

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Structure of parliament

Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral

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Bicameral

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IPU membership

Current membership status

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Yes

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About parliament

Basic information such as the official name of parliament and details of its structure and leadership. Also includes the current breakdown of MPs by sex and age, and provisions for quotas and reserved seats.

Parliament name
Libandla (Parliament)
Chamber name
Senate

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Structure & status of parliament

This field is to indicate lower/upper in the back end.

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Upper chamber
Parliamentary term (years)

Length of the parliamentary term in years

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5

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IPU membership

Affiliation periods
from 2016
IPU Geopolitical Group/s

IPU Geopolitical Groups: African Group, Arab Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Eurasia Group, Group of Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC), Twelve Plus Group.

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African Group

Speaker

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Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Senate
Speaker
Lindiwe Dlamini (Female)
Date of birth: 1965
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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23 Oct 2018
Additional information

Elected on 23 Oct. 2018, re-elected on 6 Nov. 2023.

Speaker terms

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Secretary general

Official title

This post is most commonly called Secretary General or Clerk. It may also be called Secretary, Head/Chief of the Secretariat, Director General, etc.

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Clerk to Parliament
Secretary General
Benedict Xaba (Male)
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Secretary general

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No information available
Official title

This post is most commonly called Secretary General or Clerk. It may also be called Secretary, Head/Chief of the Secretariat, Director General, etc.

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Acting Clerk-at-the-Table of the Senate
Secretary General
Bhukumusa Cusana Shongwe (Male)
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Secretary general

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No information available

Members

Statutory number of members

Statutory number of members, as defined in the constitution or other fundamental law.

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30

Notes:

The Senate shall comprise not more than 31 members.

Indirectly elected: elected by the House of Assembly, at least half of whom shall be women.

Appointed: appointed by the Head of State, at least eight of whom shall be women.

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Principal mode of designation of members
Appointed

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Indirectly elected members

Indirectly elected, for example by regional parliaments or an electoral college.

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10
Appointed members

Appointed, for example, by the Head of State.

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20
Current number of members

Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.

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30

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Men

The number of male parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.

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16

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Women

The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.

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14

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Percentage of women

Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.

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46.7%

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Statutory number of members per country

As defined in the constitution or other fundamental laws. Combines the number of parliamentarians in both chambers in bicameral parliaments.

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104

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Population (in thousands)

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects.

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1,231

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Inhabitants per parliamentarian

Calculated by dividing the population by the statutory number of parliamentarians.

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12,310

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Age

Data on the age of parliamentarians is collected at the start of the legislature, following the most recent elections. This data is not updated during the legislature, except when parliament notifies the IPU of a change in the youngest or oldest member.

Average age of all members

Average age of members, for which data is available, at the time of the last election or renewal.

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Number of members, by age (2023-11)

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Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 0 1 2 4 5 4 1 0 0 17
Female 0 0 3 0 1 6 3 0 0 0 13
Totals per age interval 0 0 4 2 5 11 7 1 0 0 30
Total <= 45: 6 Total >= 46: 24
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

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 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

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 13.3% 3% 10.0%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

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 20.0% 10% 10.0%
Members for whom data is available

Number of members, at the start of the legislature, for whom age data is available

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30
(2023-11)

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Reserved seats and quotas

There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups

Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.

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Yes

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Women
10
Electoral quota for women

Quotas to promote gender-balanced representation in parliament

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Yes

Notes: At least 5 of the 10 Senators elected by the House of Assembly must be women. Additionally, among the 20 Senators appointed by the King, at least 8 must be women.

Sources:

https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/gender-quotas-database/country?country=215

Article 94 clauses (2) and (3) of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland* Act 2005.

*The country name was modified from Swaziland to Eswatini, effective May 2018.

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Youth quota

Quotas to promote the representation of youth in parliament.

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No information available

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Links to additional information

Parliamentary website

Link(s) to parliamentary web site in English, French and/or local languages.

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List of members

Link(s) to list of members on the parliamentary web site.

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Rules of procedure/Standing Orders

Link(s) to Rules of procedure on the parliamentary web site in English, French and/or local language.

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No information available
Constitution

Official links to the Constitution in English, French and/or original language is provided. Links to unofficial translations where no other source is available.

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Historical data for IPU membership

Historical data for IPU membership
Year IPU membership
2020-09
List of values for 2020-09
No
2019-04
List of values for 2019-04
No
2018-06
List of values for 2018-06
No

Historical data for Name

Historical data for Name
Updated at Name
2018-05 Eswatini
- Swaziland

Notes: Following the proclamation by the King on the occasion of the country’s 50th anniversary in April 2018, the country name has been modified from Swaziland to Eswatini with effective of 30 May 2018.

Historical data for Chamber name

Historical data for Chamber name
Updated at Chamber name
1972-04 Senate
- Senate
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Senate
Speaker
Lindiwe Dlamini (Female)
Date of birth: 1965
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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23 Oct 2018
Additional information

Elected on 23 Oct. 2018, re-elected on 6 Nov. 2023.
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Senate
Speaker
Chief Gelane Zwane (Female)
Date of birth: 1952
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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21 Oct 2008 to 22 Oct 2018

Historical data for Speaker

Historical data for Speaker
Updated at Speaker
2018-10
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Senate
Speaker
Lindiwe Dlamini (Female)
Date of birth: 1965
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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23 Oct 2018
Additional information

Elected on 23 Oct. 2018, re-elected on 6 Nov. 2023.
-
Official title

The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.

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President of the Senate
Speaker
Chief Gelane Zwane (Female)
Date of birth: 1952
Term

Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker

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21 Oct 2008 to 22 Oct 2018
The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house

The term of the Speaker may be different from the term of the House (legislature).

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Yes
Speaker's term

The term may be shorter than one year.

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5 Years
Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any

Speakers in several parliaments are elected on a fixed date in accordance with the Constitution.

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No information available
The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house

The term of the Speaker may be different from the term of the House (legislature).

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Yes
Speaker's term

The term may be shorter than one year.

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5 Years
Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any

Speakers in several parliaments are elected on a fixed date in accordance with the Constitution.

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No information available

Historical data for Speaker terms

Historical data for Speaker terms
Updated at Speaker terms
2016-01
The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house

The term of the Speaker may be different from the term of the House (legislature).

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Yes
Speaker's term

The term may be shorter than one year.

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5 Years
Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any

Speakers in several parliaments are elected on a fixed date in accordance with the Constitution.

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No information available
2014-01 No information available
2013-10
The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house

The term of the Speaker may be different from the term of the House (legislature).

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Yes
Speaker's term

The term may be shorter than one year.

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5 Years
Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any

Speakers in several parliaments are elected on a fixed date in accordance with the Constitution.

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No information available

Historical data for Current number of members

Historical data for Current number of members
Updated at Current number of members
1993-09 30
1972-04 20

Historical data for Men

Historical data for Men
Updated at Men
2023-12 16
2023-11 17
2020-01 18
2019-12 20

Historical data for Women

Historical data for Women
Updated at Women
2023-12 14
2023-11 13
2020-01 12
2019-12 10
2018-10 7
2013-10 10
2008-10 12
2003-10 9
1998-10 4
1993-09 6
1983-10 3
1972-04 1

Historical data for Percentage of women

Historical data for Percentage of women
Updated at Percentage of women
2023-12 46.7%
2023-11 43.3%
2020-01 40.0%
2019-12 33.3%
2018-10 23.3%
2013-10 33.3%
2008-10 40.0%
2003-10 30.0%
1998-10 13.3%
1993-09 20.0%
1983-10 15.0%
1972-04 5.0%

Historical data for Statutory number of members per country

Historical data for Statutory number of members per country
Updated at Statutory number of members per country
2023-12 104
2023-09 100
2022-12 100
2021-12 100
2019-12 100
2018-10 100
2018-09 100
2016-01 95
2015-01 95
2009-01 95
2008-10 95
2008-09 95
2007-10 95
2005-01 95

Historical data for Population (in thousands)

Historical data for Population (in thousands)
Updated at Population (in thousands)
2023-01 1,231
2022-01 1,219
2021-01 1,207
2015-01 1,319
2014-01 1,295
2013-01 1,271
2012-01 1,248
2011-01 1,225
2010-01 1,203
2009-01 1,181
2008-01 1,159
2007-01 1,138
2006-01 1,121
2005-01 1,106
2004-01 1,095
2003-01 1,087
2002-01 1,081
2001-01 1,073
2000-01 1,061
1999-01 1,046
1998-01 1,026
1997-01 1,004
1996-01 982
1995-01 961
1994-01 942
1993-01 924
1992-01 906
1991-01 886
1990-01 861
1989-01 833
1988-01 800
1987-01 767
1986-01 734
1985-01 705
1984-01 680
1983-01 658
1982-01 639
1981-01 621
1980-01 603
1979-01 585
1978-01 568
1977-01 550
1976-01 533
1975-01 517
1974-01 502
1973-01 487
1972-01 472
1971-01 459
1970-01 446
1969-01 434
1968-01 422
1967-01 411
1966-01 401
1965-01 392
1964-01 382
1963-01 374
1962-01 366
1961-01 357
1960-01 349
1959-01 341
1958-01 332
1957-01 324
1956-01 315
1955-01 307
1954-01 299
1953-01 292
1952-01 285
1951-01 279
1945-01 273

Historical data for Inhabitants per parliamentarian

Historical data for Inhabitants per parliamentarian
Updated at Inhabitants per parliamentarian
2023-12 12,310
2022-12 No information available
2022-01 12,190
2021-12 12,070
2019-12 No information available
2018-10 13,884
2015-01 No information available
2014-01 13,632
2013-01 13,379
2012-01 13,137
2011-01 12,895
2010-01 12,663
2009-01 12,432
2008-01 12,200
2007-01 11,979
2006-01 11,800
2005-01 11,642

Historical data for Average age of all members

Historical data for Average age of all members
Updated at Average age of all members
2018-10 No information available
2013-10 45.0

Historical data for Members for whom data is available

Historical data for Members for whom data is available
Updated at Members for whom data is available
2023-11 30
2018-10 30
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 0 1 2 4 5 4 1 0 0 17
Female 0 0 3 0 1 6 3 0 0 0 13
Totals per age interval 0 0 4 2 5 11 7 1 0 0 30
Total <= 45: 6 Total >= 46: 24
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

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 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

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 13.3% 3% 10.0%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

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 20.0% 10% 10.0%
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 0 2 2 3 6 5 0 0 0 18
Female 0 0 1 1 3 5 2 0 0 0 12
Totals per age interval 0 0 3 3 6 11 7 0 0 0 30
Total <= 45: 6 Total >= 46: 24
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

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 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

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 10.0% 7% 3.3%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

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 20.0% 13% 6.7%

Historical data for Breakdown of members by age and sex

Historical data for Breakdown of members by age and sex
Updated at Breakdown of members by age and sex
2023-11
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 0 1 2 4 5 4 1 0 0 17
Female 0 0 3 0 1 6 3 0 0 0 13
Totals per age interval 0 0 4 2 5 11 7 1 0 0 30
Total <= 45: 6 Total >= 46: 24
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

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 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

Compare data of this field

 13.3% 3% 10.0%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

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 20.0% 10% 10.0%
2018-10
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Male 0 0 2 2 3 6 5 0 0 0 18
Female 0 0 1 1 3 5 2 0 0 0 12
Totals per age interval 0 0 3 3 6 11 7 0 0 0 30
Total <= 45: 6 Total >= 46: 24
Percentage of members, by age
Age at the last election or renewal Overall Male Female
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

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 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger

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 10.0% 7% 3.3%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger

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 20.0% 13% 6.7%

Historical data for Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger

Historical data for Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger
Updated at Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger
2023-11 0.0%
2018-10 0.0%