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⇱ Genome-wide association study identifies eight loci associated with blood pressure | Nature Genetics

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Abstract

Elevated blood pressure is a common, heritable cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide. To date, identification of common genetic variants influencing blood pressure has proven challenging. We tested 2.5 million genotyped and imputed SNPs for association with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 34,433 subjects of European ancestry from the Global BPgen consortium and followed up findings with direct genotyping (N ≤ 71,225 European ancestry, N ≤ 12,889 Indian Asian ancestry) and in silico comparison (CHARGE consortium, N = 29,136). We identified association between systolic or diastolic blood pressure and common variants in eight regions near the CYP17A1 (P = 7 × 10−24), CYP1A2 (P = 1 × 10−23), FGF5 (P = 1 × 10−21), SH2B3 (P = 3 × 10−18), MTHFR (P = 2 × 10−13), c10orf107 (P = 1 × 10−9), ZNF652 (P = 5 × 10−9) and PLCD3 (P = 1 × 10−8) genes. All variants associated with continuous blood pressure were associated with dichotomous hypertension. These associations between common variants and blood pressure and hypertension offer mechanistic insights into the regulation of blood pressure and may point to novel targets for interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease.

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Figure 1: Regional association plots of eight blood pressure loci.
Figure 2: Relationship of genome-wide significant loci to SBP, DBP and hypertension.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the many colleagues who contributed to collection and phenotypic characterization of the clinical samples, as well as genotyping and analysis of the GWA data. They would also especially like to thank those who agreed to participate in the studies. Major funding for the work described in the paper comes from the following (alphabetically): Academy of Finland (124243, 129322, 129494, 118065), AGAUR (SGR 2005/00577), Albert Påhlsson Research Foundation, Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation (V-Fokoop-1113183), American Diabetes Association, AstraZeneca AB, AVIS Torino blood donor organization, Barts and The London Charity, Biocenter of University of Oulu, Board of the UMC Utrecht, British Heart Foundation (PG02/128, FS/05/061/19501, SP/04/002), Burroughs Wellcome Fund, CamStrad, Cancer Research United Kingdom, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Compagnia di San Paolo to the ISI Foundation (Torino, Italy), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Crafoord Foundation, Donovan Family Foundation, Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, Dutch Kidney Foundation (E033), Dutch College of Healthcare Insurance Companies, Dutch Ministry of Health, Dutch Organisation of Health Care Research, ENGAGE (HEALTH-F4-2007-201413), Ernhold Lundströms Research Foundation, Estonian Ministry of Education and Science (0182721s06), EURO-BLCS, European Commission (QLG1-CT-2000-01643, LSHM-CT-2007-037273), European Commission-Europe Against Cancer (AEP/90/05), European Union (FP-6 LSHM-CT-2003-503041, FP-6 LSHM CT 2006 037697), European Society for the Study of Diabetes, Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne, Switzerland, Fannie E. Rippel Foundation, Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research, FIS (CP05/00290), Fundació Marató Tv3, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103, 01ZZ0403, 03ZIK012, 01EZ0874), German National Genome Research Network, German Research Center for Environmental Health, (Neuherberg, Germany), Giorgi-Cavaglieri Foundation, GlaxoSmithKline, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Health Research and Development Council of the Netherlands (2100.0008, 2100.0042), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Hulda and Conrad Mossfelt Foundation, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Italian Association for Research on Cancer, Italian Ministry of Health (110.1RS97.71), Italian National Research Council, Juvenile Diabetes Research Fund, King Gustaf V and Queen Victoria Foundation, King's College London and King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Lennart Hanssons Memorial Fund, LK Research Funds, Massachusetts General Hospital Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty of Lund University and Malmö University Hospital, Medical Research Council of the UK (G0000934, G0501942, G9521010D), Medical Research Council-GlaxoSmithKline (85374), MedStar Research Institute, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RD06/0009, CP05/290, PI061254, CIBERESP), Ministry of Cultural Affairs and Social Ministry (Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, NWO VENI (916.76.170), Province of Utrecht, Region Skane, Siemens Healthcare (Erlangen, Germany), Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Stockholm County Council (562183), Support for Science Funding programme, Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, Swedish Medical Research Council, Swedish National Research Council, Swedish Research Council (8691), Swiss National Science Foundation (33CSO-122661, 310030-112552, 3100AO-116323/1, PROSPER 3200BO-111362/1, 3233BO-111361/1), UNIL, University of Utrecht, US National Institutes of Health (U01DK062418, K23HL80025, DK062370, DK072193, U54DA021519, 1Z01HG000024, N01AG-916413, N01AG-821336, 263MD916413, 263MD821336, Intramural NIA, R01HL087676, K23HL083102, U54RR020278, R01HL056931, P30ES007033, R01HL087679, RL1MH083268, 263-MA-410953, NO1-AG-1-2109, N01-HD-1-3107), WCRF (98A04, 2000/30), Wellcome Trust (068545/Z/02, 076113/B/04/Z, 079895, 070191/Z/03/Z, 077016/Z/05/Z, WT088885/Z/09/Z).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Christopher Newton-Cheh, Toby Johnson, Vesela Gateva, Martin D Tobin, Paul Elliott, Gonçalo R Abecasis, Mark Caulfield and Patricia B Munroe: These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Christopher Newton-Cheh, Benjamin F Voight, Sekar Kathiresan & David Altshuler

  2. Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Christopher Newton-Cheh & Sekar Kathiresan

  3. Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

    Christopher Newton-Cheh, Benjamin F Voight, Gabriel J Crawford, Sekar Kathiresan & David Altshuler

  4. Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Toby Johnson, Jacques S Beckmann & Sven Bergmann

  5. University Institute for Social and Preventative Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Toby Johnson & Murielle Bochud

  6. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Toby Johnson & Sven Bergmann

  7. Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Vesela Gateva, Laura J Scott, Michael Boehnke, Anne U Jackson, Heather M Stringham & Cristen J Willer

  8. Departments of Health Sciences and Genetics, Adrian Building, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, UK

    Martin D Tobin, Louise V Wain & Paul R Burton

  9. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, UK

    Lachlan Coin, John C Chambers, Paolo Vineis, Paul F O'Reilly, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin & Paul Elliott

  10. Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Samer S Najjar & Edward G Lakatta

  11. MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK

    Jing Hua Zhao, Jian'an Luan, Manjinder S Sandhu, Nita G Forouhi, Nicholas J Wareham & Ruth JF Loos

  12. Cambridge-Genetics of Energy Metabolism (GEM) Consortium, Cambridge, UK

    Jing Hua Zhao, Kay-Tee Khaw, Inês Barroso, Manjinder S Sandhu, Robert N Luben, Panos Deloukas, Sheila A Bingham, Nicholas J Wareham & Ruth JF Loos

  13. Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, Cedex, France

    Simon C Heath, Ivo G Gut, G Mark Lathrop & Diana Zelenika

  14. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Matemáticas, Santiago, Chile

    Susana Eyheramendy

  15. Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany

    Susana Eyheramendy, Angela Döring, Christian Gieger, Thomas Illig & H Erich Wichmann

  16. Division of Community Health Sciences, St. George's, University of London, London, UK

    Konstantinos Papadakis, David Hadley & David P Strachan

  17. Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK

    Feng Zhang, Nicole Soranzo, Frances M Williams, Guangju Zhai & Tim D Spector

  18. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Martin Farrall, Anuj Goel, John F Peden & Hugh Watkins

  19. The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK

    Martin Farrall, Katherine S Elliott, Eleftheria Zeggini, Mark I McCarthy, Anuj Goel, John F Peden & Hugh Watkins

  20. Medstar Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Toshiko Tanaka

  21. Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Toshiko Tanaka & Luigi Ferrucci

  22. Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

    Chris Wallace, Stephen J Newhouse, Mark Caulfield & Patricia B Munroe

  23. The Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

    Chris Wallace, Stephen J Newhouse, Mark Caulfield & Patricia B Munroe

  24. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation/Wellcome Trust Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK

    Chris Wallace

  25. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Kay-Tee Khaw, Manjinder S Sandhu & Robert N Luben

  26. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

    Peter Nilsson, Marju Orho-Melander, Göran Berglund & Olle Melander

  27. Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Pim van der Harst & Wiek H van Gilst

  28. ISI Foundation (Institute for Scientific Interchange), Villa Gualino, Torino, Italy

    Silvia Polidoro, Alessandra Allione, Alessandra Di Gregorio, Simonetta Guarrera, Fulvio Ricceri, Valeria Romanazzi, Paolo Vineis & Giuseppe Matullo

  29. Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Diederick E Grobbee, N Charlotte Onland-Moret, Michiel L Bots, Cuno S Uiterwaal, Yvonne T van der Schouw & Mattijs E Numans

  30. Department of Medical Genetics-DBG, Complex Genetics Section, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    N Charlotte Onland-Moret

  31. Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

    Alexander Teumer, Florian Ernst, Georg Homuth & Uwe Völker

  32. Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica, Barcelona, Spain

    Gavin Lucas, Jaume Marrugat, Isaac Subirana & Roberto Elosua

  33. Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland

    Johanna Kuusisto & Markku Laakso

  34. Department of Social Medicine, ALSPAC Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Wendy L McArdle

  35. Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK

    Morris Brown

  36. BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    Anna Dominiczak & John M Connell

  37. Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK

    Nilesh J Samani

  38. Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK

    John Webster

  39. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK

    Eleftheria Zeggini, Inês Barroso, Leena Peltonen, Panos Deloukas & Nicole Soranzo

  40. Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland

    Jacques S Beckmann

  41. Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Noha Lim, Kijoung Song, Dawn M Waterworth, Xin Yuan & Vincent Mooser

  42. Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland

    Peter Vollenweider & Gerard Waeber

  43. Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Unit, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

    Leif Groop

  44. Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

    Leif Groop

  45. Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

    Alessandra Di Gregorio, Valeria Romanazzi & Giuseppe Matullo

  46. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy

    Salvatore Panico

  47. Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin and Centre for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention (CPO Piemonte), Turin, Italy

    Carlotta Sacerdote

  48. National Institute for Welfare and Health, Helsinki, Finland

    Pekka Jousilahti, Markus Perola & Veikko Salomaa

  49. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki and National Public Health Institute, Finland

    Markus Perola & Leena Peltonen

  50. Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Lori L Bonnycastle, Francis S Collins & Mario A Morken

  51. Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Karen L Mohlke

  52. Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Diabetes Unit, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland

    Timo T Valle & Jaakko Tuomilehto

  53. Physiology and Biophysics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Richard N Bergman

  54. Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany

    Thomas Meitinger & Arne Pfeufer

  55. Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

    Thomas Meitinger & Arne Pfeufer

  56. Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

    Elin Org & Maris Laan

  57. Ludwig Maximilians University, IBE, Chair of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany

    H Erich Wichmann

  58. Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Christopher J O'Donnell

  59. Framingham Heart Study and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA

    Christopher J O'Donnell

  60. Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Stephen M Schwartz & David S Siscovick

  61. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Stephen M Schwartz & David S Siscovick

  62. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain

    Isaac Subirana & Roberto Elosua

  63. Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Gonda Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Nelson B Freimer

  64. Department of Clinical Sciences/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

    Anna-Liisa Hartikainen & Anneli Pouta

  65. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

    Mark I McCarthy

  66. Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

    Mark I McCarthy

  67. Department of Child and Adolescent Health, National Public Health Institute (KTL), Oulu, Finland

    Anneli Pouta & Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin

  68. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Paul E de Jong & Gerjan Navis

  69. Department of Epidemiology University Medical Center Groningen, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Harold Snieder

  70. Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Robert Clarke

  71. Department of Medicine Solna, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden

    Anders Hamsten

  72. Leibniz-Institut für Arterioskleroseforschung an der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany

    Udo Seedorf

  73. Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

    Ann-Christine Syvänen

  74. Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Via Nazionale, Santa Maria Imbaro (Chieti), Italy

    Giovanni Tognoni

  75. Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy

    Serena Sanna & Manuela Uda

  76. Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Paul Scheet

  77. Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    David Schlessinger

  78. Unitá Operativa Geriatria, Istituto Nazionale Ricovero e Cura per Anziani (INRCA) IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    Angelo Scuteri

  79. Department of Internal Medicine B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

    Marcus Dörr, Stephan B Felix & Thorsten Reffelmann

  80. Institute for Community Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

    Roberto Lorbeer & Henry Völzke

  81. Institute of Physiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

    Rainer Rettig

  82. U557 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1125 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, Cedex, France

    Pilar Galan & Serge Hercberg

  83. MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK

    Sheila A Bingham

  84. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Jaspal S Kooner

  85. Geriatric Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Firenze (ASF), Florence, Italy

    Stefania Bandinelli

  86. Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Jaakko Tuomilehto

  87. South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland

    Jaakko Tuomilehto

  88. Department of Medicine and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    David Altshuler

  89. Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    David Altshuler

  90. U872 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, Cedex, France

    Pierre Meneton

  91. Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

    Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin

  92. Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Gonçalo R Abecasis

Authors
  1. Christopher Newton-Cheh
  2. Toby Johnson
  3. Vesela Gateva
  4. Martin D Tobin
  5. Murielle Bochud
  6. Lachlan Coin
  7. Samer S Najjar
  8. Jing Hua Zhao
  9. Simon C Heath
  10. Susana Eyheramendy
  11. Konstantinos Papadakis
  12. Benjamin F Voight
  13. Laura J Scott
  14. Feng Zhang
  15. Martin Farrall
  16. Toshiko Tanaka
  17. Chris Wallace
  18. John C Chambers
  19. Kay-Tee Khaw
  20. Peter Nilsson
  21. Pim van der Harst
  22. Silvia Polidoro
  23. Diederick E Grobbee
  24. N Charlotte Onland-Moret
  25. Michiel L Bots
  26. Louise V Wain
  27. Katherine S Elliott
  28. Alexander Teumer
  29. Jian'an Luan
  30. Gavin Lucas
  31. Johanna Kuusisto
  32. Paul R Burton
  33. David Hadley
  34. Wendy L McArdle
  35. Morris Brown
  36. Anna Dominiczak
  37. Stephen J Newhouse
  38. Nilesh J Samani
  39. John Webster
  40. Eleftheria Zeggini
  41. Jacques S Beckmann
  42. Sven Bergmann
  43. Noha Lim
  44. Kijoung Song
  45. Peter Vollenweider
  46. Gerard Waeber
  47. Dawn M Waterworth
  48. Xin Yuan
  49. Leif Groop
  50. Marju Orho-Melander
  51. Alessandra Allione
  52. Alessandra Di Gregorio
  53. Simonetta Guarrera
  54. Salvatore Panico
  55. Fulvio Ricceri
  56. Valeria Romanazzi
  57. Carlotta Sacerdote
  58. Paolo Vineis
  59. Inês Barroso
  60. Manjinder S Sandhu
  61. Robert N Luben
  62. Gabriel J Crawford
  63. Pekka Jousilahti
  64. Markus Perola
  65. Michael Boehnke
  66. Lori L Bonnycastle
  67. Francis S Collins
  68. Anne U Jackson
  69. Karen L Mohlke
  70. Heather M Stringham
  71. Timo T Valle
  72. Cristen J Willer
  73. Richard N Bergman
  74. Mario A Morken
  75. Angela Döring
  76. Christian Gieger
  77. Thomas Illig
  78. Thomas Meitinger
  79. Elin Org
  80. Arne Pfeufer
  81. H Erich Wichmann
  82. Sekar Kathiresan
  83. Jaume Marrugat
  84. Christopher J O'Donnell
  85. Stephen M Schwartz
  86. David S Siscovick
  87. Isaac Subirana
  88. Nelson B Freimer
  89. Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
  90. Mark I McCarthy
  91. Paul F O'Reilly
  92. Leena Peltonen
  93. Anneli Pouta
  94. Paul E de Jong
  95. Harold Snieder
  96. Wiek H van Gilst
  97. Robert Clarke
  98. Anuj Goel
  99. Anders Hamsten
  100. John F Peden
  101. Udo Seedorf
  102. Ann-Christine Syvänen
  103. Giovanni Tognoni
  104. Edward G Lakatta
  105. Serena Sanna
  106. Paul Scheet
  107. David Schlessinger
  108. Angelo Scuteri
  109. Marcus Dörr
  110. Florian Ernst
  111. Stephan B Felix
  112. Georg Homuth
  113. Roberto Lorbeer
  114. Thorsten Reffelmann
  115. Rainer Rettig
  116. Uwe Völker
  117. Pilar Galan
  118. Ivo G Gut
  119. Serge Hercberg
  120. G Mark Lathrop
  121. Diana Zelenika
  122. Panos Deloukas
  123. Nicole Soranzo
  124. Frances M Williams
  125. Guangju Zhai
  126. Veikko Salomaa
  127. Markku Laakso
  128. Roberto Elosua
  129. Nita G Forouhi
  130. Henry Völzke
  131. Cuno S Uiterwaal
  132. Yvonne T van der Schouw
  133. Mattijs E Numans
  134. Giuseppe Matullo
  135. Gerjan Navis
  136. Göran Berglund
  137. Sheila A Bingham
  138. Jaspal S Kooner
  139. John M Connell
  140. Stefania Bandinelli
  141. Luigi Ferrucci
  142. Hugh Watkins
  143. Tim D Spector
  144. Jaakko Tuomilehto
  145. David Altshuler
  146. David P Strachan
  147. Maris Laan
  148. Pierre Meneton
  149. Nicholas J Wareham
  150. Manuela Uda
  151. Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
  152. Vincent Mooser
  153. Olle Melander
  154. Ruth JF Loos
  155. Paul Elliott
  156. Gonçalo R Abecasis
  157. Mark Caulfield
  158. Patricia B Munroe

Consortia

Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium

Contributions

Author contributions are listed in alphabetical order.

Project conception, design, management: ARYA: M.L.B., C.S.U.; BLSA: L.F.; B58C-T1DGC: D.P.S.; B58C-WTCCC: D.P.S.; BRIGHT: M. Brown, M.C., J.M.C., A. Dominiczak, M.F., P.B.M., N.J.S., J.W.; CoLaus: J.S.B., S. Bergmann, M. Bochud, V.M. (PI), P. Vollenweider (PI), G.W., D.M.W.; DGI: D.A., C.N.-C., L.G.; EPIC-Norfolk-GWAS: I.B., P.D., R.J.F.L., M.S.S., N.J.W., J.H.Z. EPIC-Italy: S. Polidoro, P. Vineis. Fenland Study: R.J.F.L., N.G.F., N.J.W.; Finrisk97: L.P., V.S.; FUSION: R.N.B., M. Boehnke, F.S.C., K.L.M., L.J.S., T.T.V., J.T.; InCHIANTI: S. Bandinelli., L.F.; KORA: A. Döring, C.G., T.I., M. Laan, T.M., E.O., A. Pfeufer, H.E.W. (PI); LOLIPOP: J.C.C., P.E., J.S.K. (PI); MDC-CC: G.B., O.M.; MPP: G.B., O.M.; MIGen: D.A., R.E., S.K., J.M., O.M., C.J.O., V.S., S.M.S., D.S.S.; METSIM: J.K., M. Laakso; NFBC1966: P.E., M.-R.J.; PREVEND: P.E.d.J. (PI), G.N., W.H.v.G.; PROCARDIS: R.C., M.F., A.H., J.F.P., U.S., G.T., H.W. (PI); PROSPECT-EPIC. N.C.O.-M., Y.T.v.d.S.; SardiNIA: E.G.L., D.S.; SHIP: M.D., S.B.F., G.H., R.L., T.R., R.R., U.V., H.V.; SUVIMAX: P.M.; TwinsUK: P.D., T.D.S. (PI); UHP: D.E.G., M.E.N.

Phenotype collection, data management: ARYA: M.L.B., C.S.U.; B58C-T1DGC: D.H., W.L.M., D.P.S.; B58C-WTCCC: D.H., K.P., D.P.S.; BRIGHT: M. Brown, M.C., J.M.C., A. Dominiczak, M.F., P.B.M., N.J.S., J.W.; CoLaus: G.W.; DGI: L.G., O.M.; EPIC-Italy: P. Vineis (PI); Finrisk97: P.J., M.P., V.S.; FUSION: J.T., T.T.V.; KORA: A. Döring, C.G., T.I.; MDC-CC: O.M.; MPP: O.M., P.N.; MIGen: D.A., R.E., S.K., J.M., O.M., C.J.O., S.M.S., D.S.S., V.S.; NFBC1966: A.-L.H., M.-R.J., A. Pouta; PREVEND: P.E.d.J., G.N., P.v.d.H., W.H.v.G.; PROCARDIS: R.C., A.H., U.S., G.T.; PROSPECT-EPIC: N.C.O.-M., Y.T.v.d.S.; SardiNIA: S.S.N., A.S.; SHIP: M.D., R.L., R.R., H.V.; SUVIMAX: P.G., S.H.; TwinsUK: F.M.W.; UHP: D.E.G., M.E.N.

Genome-wide, validation genotyping: B58C-T1DGC: W.L.M.; B58C-WTCCC: W.L.M.; DGI: D.A., O.M., M.O.-M.; EPIC-Norfolk-GWAS: I.B., P.D., N.J.W., J.H.Z.; EPIC-Norfolk-replication: S.A.B., K.-T.K., R.J.F.L., R.N.L., N.J.W.; EPIC-Italy: A.A., A.D.G., S.G., G.M., V.R.; Finrisk97: G.J.C., C.N.-C.; FUSION: L.L.B., M.A.M.; KORA: T.I., T.M., E.O., A. Pfeufer; MDC-CC: O.M., M.O.-M.; MPP: O.M., M.O.-M.; NFBC1966: P.E., N.B.F., M.-R.J., M.I.M., L.P. ; PREVEND: G.N., P.v.d.H.; W.H.v.G.; PROCARDIS: S.C.H., G.M.L., A.-C.S.; SardiNIA: M.U.; SHIP: F.E., G.H., A.T., U.V.; SUVIMAX: I.G.G., S.C.H., G.M.L., D.Z.; TwinsUK: P.D., N.S.

Data analysis: BLSA: T.T.; B58C-T1DGC: D.H., S.H., D.P.S.; B58C-WTCCC: P.R.B., D.H., K.P., D.P.S, M.D.T.; BRIGHT: S.J.N., C.W., E.Z.; CoLaus: S. Bergmann, M. Bochud, T.J., N.L., K.S., X.Y., DGI: O.M., C.N.-C., M.O.-M., B.F.V.; EPIC-Norfolk-GWAS: R.J.F.L., J.H.Z.; EPIC-Norfolk-replication: S.A.B., K.-T.K., R.J.F.L., R.N.L., N.J.W.; EPIC-Italy: S.G., G.M., S. Panico, S. Polidoro, F.R., C.S., P. Vineis; Fenland Study: J.L.; Finrisk97: C.N.-C.; FUSION: A.U.J., L.J.S., H.M.S., C.J.W.; InCHIANTI: T.T.; KORA: S.E., C.G., M. Laan, E.O.; LOLIPOP: J.C.C.; MDC-CC: O.M., M.O.-M.; MPP: O.M., M.O.-M.; MIGen: R.E., G.L., I.S., B.F.V.; NFBC1966: L.C., P.F.O.; PREVEND: H.S., P.v.d.H.; PROCARDIS: M.F., A.G., J.F.P.; SardiNIA: V.G., S.S., P.S.; SHIP: F.E., G.H., A.T., U.V.; SUVIMAX: S.C.H., T.J., P.M.; TwinsUK: N.S., F.Z., G.Z.

Analysis group: G.R.A., M.C., V.G., T.J., P.B.M., C.N.-C., M.D.T., L.V.W.

Writing group: G.R.A., M.C., P.E., V.G., T.J., P.B.M., C.N.-C., M.D.T.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Christopher Newton-Cheh, Gonçalo R Abecasis, Mark Caulfield or Patricia B Munroe.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The following authors declare the following potential conflicts of interest: N.L., V.M., K.S., D.M.W. and X.Y. are all full-time employees at GlaxoSmithKline. P.Vollenweider and G.W received financial support from GlaxoSmithKline to assemble the CoLaus study. No other authors reported conflicts of interest.

Additional information

A full list of authors is provided in the Supplementary Note.

Supplementary information

Supplementary Text and Figures (download PDF )

Supplementary Figures 1 and 2, Supplementary Tables 1–4, Supplementary Methods and Supplementary Note (PDF 2563 kb)

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Newton-Cheh, C., Johnson, T., Gateva, V. et al. Genome-wide association study identifies eight loci associated with blood pressure. Nat Genet 41, 666–676 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.361

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