JUnit Tutorial for Beginners in 5 Steps

What is JUnit and Unit Testing? First JUnit project and Green Bar, first code and first unit test, other assert methods, and important annotations.

👁 master microservices

• Git Repository — https://github.com/in28minutes/getting-started-in-5-steps/tree/master/junit-in-5-steps
• Pre-requisites
  • Java & Eclipse — https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBBog2r6uMCSmMVTW_QmDLyASBvovyAO3
• We will use embedded maven in Eclipse

JUnit is the most popular Java Unit testing framework

Here is an overview of what we would learn in this section

• Step 1: What is JUnit and Unit Testing?
• Step 2: First JUnit Project and Green Bar
• Step 3: First Code and First Unit Test
• Step 4: Other assert methods
• Step 5: Important annotations

Free Courses — Learn in 10 Steps

Step 1: What Is JUnit and Unit Testing?

• What is JUnit?
• What is Unit Testing?
• Advantages of Unit Testing

We typically work in large projects — some of these projects have more than 2000 source files or sometimes it might be as big as 10000 files with one million lines of code.

Before unit testing, we depend on deploying the entire app and checking if the screens look great. But that's not very efficient. And it is manual.

Unit Testing focuses on writing automated tests for individual classes and methods.

JUnit is a framework that will help you call a method and check (or assert) whether the output is as expected.

The important thing about automation testing is that these tests can be run with continuous integration — as soon as some code changes.

Step 2: First JUnit Project and Green Bar

• What is JUnit?
• First Project with JUnit
• First JUnit Class
• No Failure is Success
• MyMaths class with sum method

Step 3: First Code and First Unit Test

• Unit test for the sum method

Step 4: Other Assert Methods

• assertTrue and assertFalse methods

Step 5: Important Annotations

• @Before @After annotations
  • Run before and after every test method in the class
• @BeforeClass @AfterClass annotations
  • Static methods which are executed once before and after a test class

Complete Code Example

/src/com/in28minutes/junit/MyMath.java

xxxxxxxxxx

package com.in28minutes.junit;

public class MyMath {

int sum(int[] numbers) {

int sum = 0;

for (int i : numbers) {

sum += i;

}

return sum;

}

}

/test/com/in28minutes/junit/AssertTest.java

xxxxxxxxxx

package com.in28minutes.junit;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import org.junit.Test;

public class AssertTest {

@Test

public void test() {

boolean condn = true;

assertEquals(true, condn);

assertTrue(condn);

// assertFalse(condn);

}

}

/test/com/in28minutes/junit/MyMathTest.java

xxxxxxxxxx

package com.in28minutes.junit;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import org.junit.After;

import org.junit.AfterClass;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.BeforeClass;

import org.junit.Test;

public class MyMathTest {

MyMath myMath = new MyMath();

@Before

public void before() {

System.out.println("Before");

}

@After

public void after() {

System.out.println("After");

}

@BeforeClass

public static void beforeClass() {

System.out.println("Before Class");

}

@AfterClass

public static void afterClass() {

System.out.println("After Class");

}

// MyMath.sum

// 1,2,3 => 6

@Test

public void sum_with3numbers() {

System.out.println("Test1");

assertEquals(6, myMath.sum(new int[] { 1, 2, 3 }));

}

@Test

public void sum_with1number() {

System.out.println("Test2");

assertEquals(3, myMath.sum(new int[] { 3 }));

}

}