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ISO 31-1^[1] is the part of international standard ISO 31 that defines names and symbols for quantities and units related to space and time. It was superseded in 2006 by ISO 80000-3 and again in 2019 by ISO 80000-3:2019.

Definitions

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Its definitions include:

Quantity		Unit			Remarks
Name	Symbol	Name	Symbol	Definition	Remarks
angle, (plane angle)	α, β, γ, θ, φ	radian	rad	1 rad = 1 m⁄m = 1
		degree	°	1° = π⁄180 rad	There is no space between the number and these superscript-style unit symbols. Decimal subdivision of degrees is preferable (i.e., 12.5° instead of 12°30′)
		minute	′	1′ = (1⁄60)°
		second	″	1″ = (1⁄60)′
solid angle	Ω	steradian	sr	1 sr = 1 m²⁄m² = 1
length	l, L	metre	m	The metre is the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1⁄299 792 458 of a second; see speed of light
breadth	b
height	h
thickness	d, δ
radius	r, R
diameter	d, D
length of path, (linear) displacement vector	s, s
distance	d, r
cartesian coordinates	x, y, z
radius of curvature	ϱ
curvature	ϰ	reciprocal metre	m⁻¹
area	A	square metre	m²	The units are (1 a = 100 m²) and hectare (1 ha = 100 a) are used for agrarian areas.
volume	V	cubic metre	m³
volume	V	litre	L, l	1 L = 1 dm³	The capital L is preferred as the small l can be indistinguishable from the number 1 in some fonts.
time, time interval, duration	t	second	s	The second is the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium-133 atom	Representations of time of day are defined in ISO 8601.
		minute	min	1 min = 60 s
		hour	h	1 h = 60 min = 3 600 s
		day	d	1 d = 24 h = 1 440 min = 86 400 s
angular velocity	ω	radian per second	rad⁄s	ω=dφ⁄dt
angular acceleration	α	radian per second squared	rad⁄s²	α=dω⁄dt
velocity	v (general symbol), v (velocity vector), c (propagation speed of waves), u, v, w (components of a velocity c)	metre per second	m⁄s
velocity		kilometre per hour	km⁄h
acceleration, acceleration vector	a, a	metre per second squared	m⁄s²	1 g = 9.80665 m⁄s²
acceleration of free fall, acceleration due to gravity	g	metre per second squared	m⁄s²	1 g = 9.80665 m⁄s²

Annex A

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Annex A of ISO 31-1 lists units of space and time based on the foot, pound, and second.

Annex B

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Annex B lists some other non-SI units of space and time, namely the gon, light year, astronomical unit, parsec, tropical year, and gal.

References

[edit]

^ "ISO 31-1:1992". ISO. Retrieved 2023-02-07.

v t e Time measurement and standards
International standards	Coordinated Universal Time offset UT ΔT DUT1 International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service ISO 8601 International Atomic Time 12-hour clock 24-hour clock Barycentric Coordinate Time Barycentric Dynamical Time Civil time Daylight saving time Geocentric Coordinate Time International Date Line IERS Reference Meridian Leap second Solar time Terrestrial Time Time zone 180th meridian	👁 template illustration 👁 template illustration
Obsolete standards	Ephemeris time Greenwich Mean Time Prime meridian
Time in physics	Absolute space and time Spacetime Chronon Coordinate time Discrete time and continuous time Proper time Theory of relativity Time dilation Gravitational time dilation Time domain Time-translation symmetry T-symmetry
Chronometry	Clock Astrarium Atomic clock Complication History of timekeeping devices Hourglass Marine chronometer Marine sandglass Radio clock Watch stopwatch Water clock Sundial Dialing scales Equation of time History of sundials Sundial markup schema
Calendar	Gregorian Hebrew Hindu Holocene Islamic (lunar Hijri) Julian Solar Hijri Astronomical Dominical letter Epact Equinox Intercalation Julian day Leap year Lunar Lunisolar Solar Solstice Tropical year Weekday determination Weekday names
Archaeology and geology	Chronological dating Geologic time scale International Commission on Stratigraphy
Astronomical chronology	Galactic year Nuclear timescale Precession Sidereal time
Other units of time	Instant Flick Shake Jiffy Second Minute Moment Hour Day Week Fortnight Month Year Olympiad Lustrum Decade Century Saeculum Millennium
Related topics	Orders of magnitude Chronology Duration music Mental chronometry Decimal time Metric time System time Time value of money Timekeeper

v t e International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards
List of ISO standards – ISO romanizations – IEC standards
1–9999	1 2 3 4 6 7 9 16 17 31 -0 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 68-1 128 216 217 226 228 233 259 261 262 302 306 361 500 518 519 639 -1 -2 -3 -5 -6 646 657 668 690 704 732 764 838 843 860 898 965 999 1000 1004 1007 1073-1 1073-2 1155 1413 1538 1629 1745 1989 2014 2015 2022 2033 2047 2108 2145 2146 2240 2281 2533 2709 2711 2720 2788 2848 2852 2921 3029 3103 3166 -1 -2 -3 3297 3307 3601 3602 3864 3901 3950 3977 4031 4157 4165 4217 4909 5218 5426 5427 5428 5725 5775 5776 5800 5807 5964 6166 6344 6346 6373 6385 6425 6429 6438 6523 6709 6943 7001 7002 7010 7027 7064 7098 7185 7200 7498 -1 7637 7736 7810 7811 7812 7813 7816 7942 8000 8093 8178 8217 8373 8501-1 8571 8583 8601 8613 8632 8651 8652 8691 8805/8806 8807 8820-5 8859 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -8-I -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16 8879 9000/9001 9036 9075 9126 9141 9227 9241 9293 9314 9362 9407 9496 9506 9529 9564 9592/9593 9594 9660 9797-1 9897 9899 9945 9984 9985 9995
10000–19999	10006 10007 10116 10118-3 10160 10161 10165 10179 10206 10218 10279 10303 -11 -21 -22 -28 -238 10383 10585 10589 10628 10646 10664 10746 10861 10957 10962 10967 11073 11170 11172 11179 11404 11544 11783 11784 11785 11801 11889 11898 11940 (-2) 11941 11941 (TR) 11992 12006 12052 12182 12207 12234-2 12620 13211 -1 -2 13216 13250 13399 13406-2 13450 13485 13490 13567 13568 13584 13616 13816 13818 14000 14031 14224 14289 14396 14443 14496 -2 -3 -6 -10 -11 -12 -14 -17 -20 14617 14644 14649 14651 14698 14764 14882 14971 15022 15118 15189 15288 15291 15398 15408 15444 -3 -9 15445 15438 15504 15511 15686 15693 15706 -2 15707 15897 15919 15924 15926 15926 WIP 15930 15938 16023 16262 16355-1 16485 16612-2 16750 16949 (TS) 17024 17025 17100 17203 17369 17442 17506 17799 18004 18014 18181 18245 18629 18760 18916 19005 19011 19092 -1 -2 19114 19115 19125 19136 19407 19439 19500 19501 19502 19503 19505 19506 19507 19508 19509 19510 19600 19650 19752 19757 19770 19775-1 19794-5 19831
20000–29999	20000 20022 20121 20400 20802 20830 21000 21001 21047 21122 21500 21778 21827 22000 22275 22300 22301 22395 22537 23000 23003 23008 23009 23090-3 23092 23094-1 23094-2 23270 23271 23360 23941 24517 24613 24617 24707 24728 25178 25964 26000 26262 26300 26324 27000 series 27000 27001 27002 27005 27006 27729 28000 29110 29148 29199-2 29500
30000+	30170 31000 32000 37001 38500 39075 40230 40240 40250 40260 40314 40500 42010 45001 50001 55000 56000 80000
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Definitions

Annex A

Annex B

References