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| IGLV6-57 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | IGLV6-57, V1-22, immunoglobulin lambda variable 6-57 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | GeneCards: IGLV6-57; OMA:IGLV6-57 - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Immunoglobulin lambda variable 6-57 is a protein which is encoded by the IGLV6-57 gene in humans.
This gene is primarily expressed in the lymphatic system.[3] IGLV6-57 is an extracellular protein that has been predicted to reside within the cytoplasm of cells.[4] The function of IGLV6-57 is predicted to be involved in the immune response and enabling antigen binding activity.[5] This prediction also matches with pathogen recognition from antibodies utilizing IGLV6-57 light chains.
Gene
[edit]Aliases
[edit]Known aliases of IGLV6-57 include V1-22 or IGLV657.[6]
Locus
[edit]Human IGLV6-57 gene is found on the forward (+) strand at the locus NC_000022.11.[6] The gene ranges from position 22026076 to position 22922913 on chromosome 22.[6]
mRNA
[edit]IGLV6-57's transcript is reported to be around 478 nucleotides long.[7] It has two exons separated between one intron.[8]
Expression pattern
[edit]IGLV6-57 is moderately expressed in spleen, lymph node, and tonsil tissue.[3]
Transcript
[edit]IGLV6-57 gene contains no alternatively spliced forms because it is an immunoglobulin variable-region gene segment, not a complete antibody gene.[9]
Protein
[edit]Protein characteristics
[edit]The predicted molecular weight of IGLV6-57 is 12.566 kDa, and it has a predicted isoelectric point (pI) of pH 4.59.[5] In terms of amino acid composition, IGLV6-57 has a relatively proportion of polar amino acids serine, glycine, and threonine. It also is relatively poor in histidine, methionine, and tryptophan.[10]
Isoforms
[edit]Immunoglobulin Lambda Variable 6-57 primarily expresses a single protein isoform.[6]
Secondary structure
[edit]The predicted secondary structure of IGLV6-57 is composed primarily of β strands.[11]
Teritiary structure
[edit]The predicted teritiary structure of IGLV6-57 consists of two antiparallel β sheets stabilized by conserved intradomain disulfide bond.[11]
Post-translational modifications
[edit]Disulfide bond formation
[edit]Conceptual translation of human IGLV6-57 mRNA revealed two conserved cysteine residues at position 20 and 89 and are predicted to form an intradomain disulfide bond.[12]
Cellular localization
[edit]Computational prediction have identifies the IGLV6-57 protein in the extracellular and cytoplasm location.[4] IGLV6-57 is predicted to be a soluble protein.[13]
Regulation and expression
[edit]Promoters
[edit]No promoter was identified in the analyzed upstream sequence of IGLV6-57 using computational promoter prediction methods.[14]
Transcription factors
[edit]The following table summarizes transcription factors predicted to bind highly conserved regions of the IGLV6-57 sequence.[15]
| Transcription Factor | Description |
|---|---|
| MAFG | bZip Maf transcription factor protein |
| MAFK | bZip Maf transcription factor protein |
| MAFA | β cell-specific activator |
Expression
[edit]Tissue specificity
[edit]According to RNA-seq data, IGLV6-57 is expressed most highly in lymph node, spleen, and appendix tissue.[16]
Embryonic development
[edit]IGLV6-57 expression is highest in the fetal adrenal gland during mid-gestation (16–18 weeks), with lower expression in several other fetal tissues. No specific role in embryonic development has been established.[16]
Differential expression
[edit]IGLV6-57 has been observed to be expressed at higher levels in beta-catenin-depleted cells than in untreated control cells.[17]
IGLV6-57 has been observed to be expressed at higher levels in tumor tissue than in adjacent normal tissue.[18]
Interacting proteins
[edit]The StringNetwork database indicates that the following proteins have been found to interact with the IGLV6-57 protein.[19]
| Protein | Description |
|---|---|
| FCAR | binds the heavy-chain constant region of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies |
| CD5 | cluster of differentiation expressed on the surface of T cells |
| TFPI | single-chain polypeptide which can reversibly inhibit factor Xa (Xa) |
Homology and evolution
[edit]Orthologs
[edit]IGLV6-57 has orthologs in Mammalia, Aves, Reptillia, and Amphibia. A table of selected orthologs is listed below.[20]
Selected orthologs of the homo sapiens IGLV6-57 protein
[edit]| Genus and Species | Common Name | Taxonomic Group | Date of Divergence from Humans (MYA) | Accession Number # | Sequence Length | Sequence Identity |
| Homo sapien | Human | Primates | 0 | NP_037510.1 | 116 aa | 43% |
| Mus musculus | House mouse | Placental | 87 | NP_001415808.1 | 130 aa | 68% |
| Saccopteryx bilineata | Greater sac-winged bat | Chiroptera | 94 | XP_066116077.1 | 121 aa | 86% |
| Phascolarctos cinereus | Koala | Marsupials Mammal | 160 | XP_020833304.1 | 123 aa | 69% |
| Ornithorhynchus anatinus | Platypus | Monotremes | 180 | XP_028904584.1 | 123 aa | 63% |
| Athene noctua | Little owl | Aves | 319 | XP_074777375.1 | 272 aa | 58% |
| Centrocercus urophasianus | Greater sage-grouse | Aves | 319 | XP_042685107.1 | 125 aa | 56% |
| Pseudonaja textilis | Eastern brown snake | Squamata | 319 | XP_026574391.1 | 110 aa | 61% |
| Crocodylus porosus | Saltwater crocodile | Crocodilia | 319 | XP_019394969.1 | 125 aa | 59% |
| Pelodiscus sinensis | Chinese softshell turtle | Testudines | 319 | XP_075753974.1 | 137 aa | 59% |
| Bufo bufo | Common toad | Anura | 352 | XP_040275605.1 | 239 aa | 53% |
| Ambystoma mexicanum | Axolotl | Caudata | 352 | XP_069476393.1 | 144 aa | 48% |
| Hyla sarda | Sardinian tree frog | Anura | 352 | XP_056387603.1 | 130 aa | 46% |
| Rhinatrema bivittatum | Two-lined caecilian | Gymnophiona | 352 | XP_029426890.1 | 127 aa | 51% |
Evolutionary history
[edit]IGLV6-57 is not a highly conserved gene due to evolutionary divergence driven by the adaptive immune system. The most evolutionary distant ortholog of IGLV6-57 is in the Sardinian tree frog (Hyla sarda);[20] and it is conserved from Amphibia to Mammalia, with no detectable orthologs in invertebrates.[21]
Paralogs
[edit]IGLV6-57 contains numerous paralogous genes located within the immunoglobulin lambda locus on chromosome 22.[7]
| Paralog | Description |
|---|---|
| IGLVV-58 | antigen recognition |
| IGLV11-55 | non-functional immunoglobulin lambda variable gene |
| IGLV1-56 | antigen recognition |
| BMP6P1 | pseudogene |
Clinical significance
[edit]IGLV6-57 has been a linked site for an amyloid-associated residue change associated with AL amyloidosis. Additionally, proteins from this specific lambda light chain class is likely to unfold, exposing the hydrophobic core of the protein. Due to structual instability, the IGLV6-57 gene segment frequently misfolds.[22]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000211640 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b "Tissue expression of IGLV6-57 - Summary - The Human Protein Atlas". www.proteinatlas.org. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
- ^ a b "6A1F0DEB00397ED2DA07BE6E expired". services.healthtech.dtu.dk. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
- ^ a b "IGLV6-57 (human)". www.phosphosite.org. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
- ^ a b c d "IGLV6-57 immunoglobulin lambda variable 6-57 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ a b "Homo sapiens IGL mRNA for immunoglobulin lambda light chain VLJ region - Nucleotide - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
- ^ "Variation Viewer". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
- ^ GeneCards HG. "IGLV6-57 Gene - GeneCards | LV657 Protein | LV657 Antibody". www.genecards.org. Archived from the original on 2022-12-29. Retrieved 2026-06-06.
- ^ European Bioinformatics Institute. "Job Dispatcher homepage | EMBL-EBI". www.ebi.ac.uk. Retrieved 2026-06-08.
- ^ a b "iCn3D: Web-based 3D Structure Viewer". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ "Six-Frame Translation". www.bioline.com. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ "Jpred job jp_6VX6dfa completed". www.compbio.dundee.ac.uk. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ "6A25C05E001766B150664E8F expired". services.healthtech.dtu.dk. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ "Sequence Utilities". www.bioline.com. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ a b "VPREB3 V-set pre-B cell surrogate light chain 3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ "61450730 - GEO Profiles - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ "17269155 - GEO Profiles - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ "STRING: functional protein association networks". string-db.org. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ a b "BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool". blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-06-08.
- ^ "TimeTree :: The Timescale of Life". timetree.org. Retrieved 2026-06-07.
- ^ Morgan GJ, Prokaeva T (2025). "Clone-specific residue changes at multiple positions are associated with amyloid formation by antibody light chains". Frontiers in Immunology. 16 1622207. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1622207. PMC 12375997. PMID 40861476.