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This is a list of the premiers of the province of Quebec since Canadian Confederation in 1867. Quebec uses a unicameral (originally bicameral) Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which the premier is the leader of the party that controls the most seats in the National Assembly (previously called the Legislative Assembly). The premier is Quebec's head of government, while the king of Canada is its head of state and is represented by the lieutenant governor of Quebec. The premier picks a cabinet from the elected members to form the Executive Council of Quebec, and presides over that body.

Members are first elected to the legislature during general elections. General elections must be conducted every four years from the date of the last election, but the premier may ask for early dissolution of the legislative assembly. An election may also happen if the Governing party loses the confidence of the legislature, by the defeat of a supply bill or tabling of a confidence motion.

This article only covers the time since the Canadian Confederation was created in 1867. For the premiers of the Canada East from 1840 to 1867, see List of joint premiers of the Province of Canada. The governments of Lower Canada from 1792 to 1840 were mostly controlled by representatives of the Crown.

Premiers of Quebec since 1867

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Electoral mandates
(Assembly)
Political party Parliamentary
seat


1
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Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau
(1820–1890)
15 July 1867

25 February 1873
Title created (caretaker government)⁠

1867 election (1st Leg.)⁠


1871 election (2nd Leg.)

Conservative MLA for Québec-Comté
Resigned to accept appointment to the Senate of Canada.
2
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Gédéon Ouimet
(1823–1905)
27 February 1873

22 September 1874
Appointment (2nd Leg.) Conservative MLA for Deux-Montagnes
Resigned over Tanneries scandal.
3
(1 of 2)
👁 Image
Charles Boucher de Boucherville
(1822–1915)
22 September 1874

8 March 1878
Appointment (2nd Leg.)⁠

1875 election (3rd Leg.)

Conservative Councillor for Montarville
Dismissed by Lieutenant Governor Luc Letellier de St-Just after Letellier refused to approve legislation.
4
👁 Image
Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière
(1829–1908)
8 March 1878

31 October 1879
Appointment (3rd Leg.)⁠

1878 election (4th Leg.)

Liberal MLA for Lotbinière


5
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Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau
(1840–1898)
31 October 1879

31 July 1882
Appointment (4th Leg.)⁠

1881 election (5th Leg.)

Conservative MLA for Terrebonne


6
👁 Image
Joseph-Alfred Mousseau
(1837–1886)
31 July 1882

23 January 1884
Appointment (5th Leg.) Conservative MLA for Jacques-Cartier


7
👁 Image
John Jones Ross
(1831–1901)
23 January 1884

25 January 1887
Appointment (5th Leg.)⁠

1886 election (6th Leg.)

Conservative Councillor for Shawinigan


8
(1 of 2)
👁 Image
Louis-Olivier Taillon
(1840–1923)
25 January 1887

29 January 1887
Appointment (6th Leg.) Conservative MLA for Montcalm


9
👁 Image
Honoré Mercier
(1840–1894)
29 January 1887

21 December 1891
Appointment (6th Leg.)⁠

1890 election (7th Leg.)

Parti National MLA for Saint-Hyacinthe
(1887-1890)

MLA for Bonaventure
(1890-1891)

Dismissed by Lieutenant Governor over charges of corruption.

(2 of 2)
👁 Image
Charles Boucher de Boucherville
(1822–1915)
21 December 1891

16 December 1892
Appointment (7th Leg.)⁠

1892 election (8th Leg.)

Conservative Councillor for Montarville



(2 of 2)
👁 Image
Louis-Olivier Taillon
(1840–1923)
16 December 1892

11 May 1896
Appointment (8th Leg.) Conservative MLA for Chambly


10
👁 Image
Edmund James Flynn
(1847–1927)
12 May 1896

24 May 1897
Appointment (8th Leg.) Conservative MLA for Gaspé
Last Conservative premier.
11
👁 Image
Félix-Gabriel Marchand
(1832–1900)
24 May 1897

25 September 1900
1897 election (9th Leg.) Liberal MLA for Saint-Jean
Died in office.
12
👁 Image
Simon-Napoléon Parent
(1855–1920)
3 October 1900

23 March 1905
Appointment (9th Leg.)⁠

1900 election (10th Leg.)⁠


1904 election (11th Leg.)

Liberal MLA for Saint-Sauveur


13
👁 Image
Lomer Gouin
(1861–1929)
23 March 1905

23 March 1920
Appointment (11th Leg.)⁠

1908 election (12th Leg.)⁠


1912 election (13th Leg.)⁠


1916 election (14th Leg.)⁠


1919 election (15th Leg.)

Liberal MLA for Montréal division no. 2
(1905-1908)

MLA for Portneuf
(1908-1920)


14
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Louis-Alexandre Taschereau
(1867–1952)
9 July 1920

11 June 1936
Appointment (15th Leg.)⁠

1923 election (16th Leg.)⁠


1927 election (17th Leg.)⁠


1931 election (18th Leg.)⁠


1935 election (19th Leg.)

Liberal MLA for Montmorency
Established Quebec Liquor Commission; attempted to create a Jewish school board; Great Depression.
15
(1 of 2)
👁 Image
Adélard Godbout
(1892–1956)
11 June 1936

26 August 1936
Appointment (19th Leg.) Liberal
(Ldr. 1938)
MLA for L'Islet


16
(1 of 2)
👁 Image
Maurice Duplessis
(1890–1959)
26 August 1936

8 November 1939
1936 election (20th Leg.) Union Nationale
(Ldr. 1936)
MLA for Trois-Rivières
Padlock Law.

(2 of 2)
👁 Image
Adélard Godbout
(1892–1956)
8 November 1939

30 August 1944
1939 election (21st Leg.) Liberal
(Ldr. 1938)
MLA for L'Islet
Women's suffrage; established province's first labour code; nationalized Montreal Light, Heat & Power.

(2 of 2)
👁 Image
Maurice Duplessis
(1890–1959)
30 August 1944

7 September 1959
1944 election (22nd Leg.)⁠

1948 election (23rd Leg.)⁠


1952 election (24th Leg.)⁠


1956 election (25th Leg.)

Union Nationale
(Ldr. 1936)
MLA for Trois-Rivières
"Grande Noirceur", Duplessis Orphans. Died in office.
17
👁 Image
Paul Sauvé
(1907–1960)
11 September 1959

2 January 1960
Appointment (25th Leg.) Union Nationale
(Ldr. 1959)
MLA for Deux-Montagnes
"100 Days of Change". Died in office.
18
👁 Image
Antonio Barrette
(1899–1968)
8 January 1960

5 July 1960
Appointment (25th Leg.) Union Nationale
(Ldr. 1960)
MLA for Joliette


19
👁 Image
Jean Lesage
(1912–1980)
5 July 1960

16 June 1966
1960 election (26th Leg.)⁠

1962 election (27th Leg.)

Liberal
(Ldr. 1958)
MLA for Québec-Ouest
Quiet Revolution; established Ministry of Education; heavy investment in Hydro-Québec;
20
👁 Image
Daniel Johnson Sr.
(1915–1968)
16 June 1966

26 September 1968
1966 election (28th Leg.) Union Nationale
(Ldr. 1961)
MLA for Bagot
CEGEP; died in office.
21
👁 Image
Jean-Jacques Bertrand
(1916–1973)
2 October 1968

12 May 1970
Appointment (28th Leg.) Union Nationale
(Ldr. 1969)
MLA for Missisquoi (MNA after 1968)
Abolished the Legislative Council and renamed the Legislative Assembly to the National Assembly; Bill 63; last Union Nationale premier.
22
(1 of 2)
👁 Image
Robert Bourassa
(1933–1996)
29 April 1970

25 November 1976
1970 election (29th Leg.)⁠

1973 election (30th Leg.)

Liberal
(Ldr. 1970)
MNA for Mercier
October Crisis; Official Languages Act (Bill 22); James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement; Cliche commission.
23
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René Lévesque
(1922–1987)
25 November 1976

3 October 1985
1976 election (31st Leg.)⁠

1981 election (32nd Leg.)

Parti Québécois
(Ldr. 1968)
MNA for Taillon
Charter of the French Language (Bill 101); 1980 Quebec referendum; Patriation of the Canadian constitution discussions; beau risque.
24
👁 Image
Pierre Marc Johnson
(b. 1946)
3 October 1985

12 December 1985
Appointment (32nd Leg.) Parti Québécois
(Ldr. 1985)
MNA for Anjou



(2 of 2)
👁 Image
Robert Bourassa
(1933–1996)
12 December 1985

11 January 1994
1985 election (33rd Leg.)⁠

1989 election (34th Leg.)

Liberal
(Ldr. 1983)
MNA for Saint-Laurent
Meech Lake Accord; Oka Crisis; Charlottetown Accord.
25
👁 Image
Daniel Johnson Jr.
(b. 1944)
11 January 1994

26 September 1994
Appointment (34th Leg.) Liberal
(Ldr. 1993)
MNA for Vaudreuil
Privatisation of the Mont-Sainte-Anne
26
👁 Image
Jacques Parizeau
(1930–2015)
26 September 1994

29 January 1996
1994 election (35th Leg.) Parti Québécois
(Ldr. 1988)
MNA for L'Assomption
Creation of the Commission de la capitale nationale du Québec; Creation of the Carrefour jeunesse-emploi network; 1995 Quebec referendum; resigned after referendum loss.
27
👁 Image
Lucien Bouchard
(b. 1938)
29 January 1996

8 March 2001
Appointment (35th Leg.)⁠

1998 election (36th Leg.)

Parti Québécois
(Ldr. 1996)
MNA for Jonquière
"Winning conditions"; implemented universal childcare and pharmacare; Establishment of the Public Prescription Drug Insurance Plan (RPAM); Saguenay flood; Creation of the Régie de l'énergie; Creation of the Épargne Placements Québec; Calgary Declaration; January 1998 North American ice storm; Clarity Act; 2000–2006 municipal reorganization.
28
👁 Image
Bernard Landry
(1937–2018)
8 March 2001

29 April 2003
Appointment (36th Leg.) Parti Québécois
(Ldr. 2001)
MNA for Verchères
Paix des Braves; Kyoto Protocol.
29
👁 Image
Jean Charest
(b. 1958)
29 April 2003

19 September 2012
2003 election (37th Leg.)⁠

2007 election (38th Leg.)⁠


2008 election (39th Leg.)

Liberal
(Ldr. 1998)
MNA for Sherbrooke
2004 Quebec municipal referendums; Council of the Federation; 2005 Quebec student protests; Bouchard-Taylor Commission; Implementation of the Ethics and Religious Culture program; Plan Nord; Charbonneau Commission; 2012 Quebec student protests, lost his own seat in 2012.
30
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Pauline Marois
(b. 1949)
19 September 2012

23 April 2014
2012 election (40th Leg.) Parti Québécois
(Ldr. 2007)
MNA for Charlevoix–Côte-de-Beaupré
First woman to hold the office; 2012 Quebec election shooting; Quebec Charter of Values (Bill 60); Decommissioning of the Gentilly Nuclear Generating Station; Lac-Mégantic rail disaster; Summit on Higher Education; Pastagate incident; Lost her own seat in 2014.
31
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Philippe Couillard
(b. 1957)
23 April 2014

18 October 2018
2014 election (41st Leg.) Liberal
(Ldr. 2013)
MNA for Roberval
Ban on face coverings (Bill 62); Healthcare Reforms (Barrette Reforms).
32
👁 Image
François Legault
(b. 1957)
18 October 2018

incumbent
2018 election (42nd Leg.)⁠

2022 election (43rd Leg.)

Coalition Avenir Québec
(Ldr. 2011)
MNA for L'Assomption
Ban on religious symbols (Bill 21); Québec‑Lévis third link; Creation of a battery sector; COVID-19 pandemic; Implementing School service centre; Amendment to the Charter of the French Language (Bill 96); Cancelled electoral reform referendum; Implementation of the Culture and Citizenship in Québec (CCQ) program; Family reunification delays; Gallant Commission.

See also

[edit]

For more lists of this type, see Lists of incumbents.

References

[edit]