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👁 Image
Map of the fortifications of the Grand Harbour and Marsamxett in 1803.

This is a list of fortifications of Malta.[1]

Prehistoric fortifications

[edit]
Name Image Location Built Status
Baħrija 👁 Image
Rabat Bronze Age Scant remains[2]
Borġ in-Nadur 👁 Image
Birżebbuġa c.1450 BC One bastion intact[3]
Nuffara 👁 Image
Xagħra Bronze Age Scant remains[2]
Qortin St. Paul's Bay Bronze Age Scant remains[2]
Ras il-Ġebel Mġarr Bronze Age Scant remains[3]
Wardija ta' San Ġorġ Siġġiewi Bronze Age Scant remains[3]

Walled cities

[edit]
Name Image Location Built Builder Status
Birgu 👁 Image
Birgu c.13th–18th centuries 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Mostly intact, undergoing restoration
Cittadella 👁 Image
Victoria Antiquity–1622[4] 👁 Image
Crown of Aragon
👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact. According to Ramon Muntaner (1283) a prominent Aragonite tower existed on the site in the whereabouts of the arch/remains of a Siculo-Norman style villa.[5] A number of outer towers were places outside the Citadel.[6]
Cottonera Lines 👁 Image
Cospicua
Birgu
1670–18th century 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Mostly intact[7]
Floriana Lines 👁 Image
Floriana 1635–18th century 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Mostly intact[8]
Mdina 👁 Image
Mdina Antiquity–1746 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Santa Margherita Lines 👁 Image
Cospicua 1638–1736 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John[a]
Partially intact
Senglea 👁 Image
Senglea 1552–18th century 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John[a]
Partially intact
Valletta 👁 Image
Valletta 1566–1570s 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John[a]
Mostly intact, partially restored

Forts

[edit]
Name Image Location Built Builder Status
Fort Benghisa 👁 Image
Birżebbuġa 1910–1912 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, neglected
Fort Binġemma 👁 Image
Rabat 1875–1878 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, illegally occupied
Fort Campbell 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1937–1938 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Ruins
Fort Chambray 👁 Image
Għajnsielem 1749–1760s 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, redeveloped[9]
Fort Delimara 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1876–1888 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, restoration proposed
Fort Leonardo 👁 Image
Żabbar 1872–1878 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, restoration proposed
Fort Madalena 👁 Image
Swieqi 1878–1880 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, used as a rescue corps headquarters and training school[10]
Fort Manoel 👁 Image
Gżira 1723–1733 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Fort Mellieħa Mellieħa 1940s 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, restored
Fort Mosta 👁 Image
Mosta 1878–1880s 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, used as an ammunition depot
Fort Pembroke 👁 Image
Pembroke 1875–1878 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, used as a school
Fort Ricasoli 👁 Image
Kalkara 1670–1693 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, neglected
Fort Saint Angelo 👁 Image
Birgu 13th century–1690s 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, undergoing restoration
Fort Saint Elmo 👁 Image
Valletta 1552–1570s 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Fort San Lucian 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1872–1878 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom[b]
Intact, used as an aquaculture research centre
Fort Saint Michael 👁 Image
Senglea 1552–1581 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished, part of the base survives
Fort Saint Rocco 👁 Image
Kalkara 1872–1900 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact
Fort San Salvatore 👁 Image
Birgu 1724 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, neglected
Fort Tas-Silġ 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1879–1883 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, used as an animal sanctuary
Fort Tigné 👁 Image
Sliema 1793–1795 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Fort Verdala 👁 Image
Cospicua 1852–1856 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, used as housing estates and a school

Towers

[edit]
Name Image Location Built Builder Status
Castro Interiore Birgu c. 1274 Angevins Modified[11]
Birgu Clock Tower 👁 Image
Birgu Medieval-Order of St John Modified to be used as a clock tower and then destroyed in WWII
Burmarrad Tower Burmarrad 1494 Replaced by another tower in 1618 in the close proximity[12]
Aħrax Tower 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1658 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, abandoned
Bengħisa Tower Birżebbuġa 1659 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Birkirkara Tower 👁 Image
Birkirkara c. 16th century Intact
Blat Mogħża Tower Mġarr c. 1637 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Collapsed
Captain's Tower 👁 Image
Naxxar c. 1550s 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact
Cavalier Tower 👁 Image
Qrendi Unknown Unknown Intact
Delimara Tower 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1659 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Dwejra Tower 👁 Image
San Lawrenz 1652 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Garzes Tower Għajnsielem 1605–1607 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished[13]
Għajn Ħadid Tower 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1658 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Għajn Tuffieħa Tower 👁 Image
Mġarr 1637 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Għallis Tower 👁 Image
Naxxar 1658 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Ħamrija Tower 👁 Image
Qrendi 1659 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Isopu Tower 👁 Image
Nadur 1667 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Lippija Tower 👁 Image
Mġarr 1637 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Madliena Tower 👁 Image
Pembroke 1658 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John[a]
Intact, restored
Marsalforn Tower Xagħra 1614–1616 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Collapsed, some ruins remain
Mġarr ix-Xini Tower 👁 Image
Għajnsielem 1661 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Nadur Tower 👁 Image
Rabat 1637 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact
Orsi Tower Kalkara 1629 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Destroyed
Qawra Tower 👁 Image
St. Paul's Bay 1638 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a restaurant
Saint Agatha's Tower 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1647–1649 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact
Saint George's Tower 👁 Image
St. Julian's 1638 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John[a]
Intact, in the grounds of a hotel
Saint Julian's Tower 👁 Image
Sliema 1658 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a restaurant
Saint Lucian Tower 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1610–1611 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John[a]
Intact, used as an aquaculture research centre
Saint Mark's Tower 👁 Image
Naxxar 1658 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Saint Mary's Tower 👁 Image
Għajnsielem 1618 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Santa Maria delle Grazie Tower 👁 Image
Xgħajra 1620 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Saint Thomas Tower 👁 Image
Marsaskala 1614 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact
Sciuta Tower 👁 Image
Qrendi 1638 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restoration planned
Torre dello Standardo 👁 Image
Mdina 1725-1726 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact
Tal-Għassiewi Tower[14] Zabbar[15] Arab period Ruins
Tal-Wejter Tower 👁 Image
Birkirkara 17th or 18th century 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact
Triq il-Wiesgħa Tower 👁 Image
Żabbar 1659 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Wardija Tower 👁 Image
Żurrieq 1659 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact
Wignacourt Tower 👁 Image
St. Paul's Bay 1610 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a museum
Xlendi Tower 👁 Image
Munxar 1650 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, undergoing restoration
Xrobb l-Għaġin Tower Marsaxlokk 1659 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Żonqor Tower Marsaskala 1659 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Għajn Żnuber Tower 👁 Image
Mellieħa Unknown Possible a dejma post in origins; present structure a 19th-century watch tower Intact, partially restored and partially reconstructed
Wied Żnuber Tower Birżebbuġa 16th century 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Unknown (no longer exists)[16]

Notes:

Batteries

[edit]
👁 Image
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (June 2015)
Name Image Location Built[c] Builder Status
Aħrax Tower & Battery 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, abandoned
Arrias Battery 👁 Image
St. Paul's Bay 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a restaurant
Balbani Battery Birżebbuġa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Buġibba Battery 👁 Image
St. Paul's Bay 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished, ditch survives
Cambridge Battery 👁 Image
Sliema 1878–1886 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, restoration planned
Capuchin Convent Battery 👁 Image
Kalkara 1799 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Corradino Batteries 👁 Image
Paola 1798–1799 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Delimara Tower & Battery Marsaxlokk 1793 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Della Grazie Battery 👁 Image
Xgħajra 1888–1893 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, restoration planned
Dellia Battery 👁 Image
St. Paul's Bay 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Elminiech Battery Birżebbuġa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Fedeau Battery Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Ferretti Battery 👁 Image
Birżebbuġa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a restaurant[17]
Garden Battery 👁 Image
Sliema 1889–1894 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, restoration planned
Għallis Battery Naxxar 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Għargħar Battery 👁 Image
San Ġwann 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Jesuit Hill Battery 👁 Image
Marsa 1799 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Lascaris Battery 👁 Image
Valletta 1854–1856 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact
Lembi Battery Sliema 1757 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Maħsel Battery Marsaskala 1714 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Marsa Battery 👁 Image
Marsa 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Mistra Battery 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Pembroke Battery 👁 Image
Pembroke 1897–1899 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Partially demolished, one gun emplacement survives.
Pinto Battery 👁 Image
Birżebbuġa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Heavily altered
Qalet Marku Battery 👁 Image
Naxxar 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Qawra Tower & Battery 👁 Image
St. Paul's Bay 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a restaurant and swimming pool
Qolla l-Bajda Battery 👁 Image
Żebbuġ, Gozo 1716 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, abandoned
Ramla Left Battery 👁 Image
Xagħra 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Ramla Right Battery 👁 Image
Nadur 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Riħama Battery 👁 Image
Marsaskala 1714 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Mostly intact, restoration planned
Rinella Battery 👁 Image
Kalkara 1878–1886 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, restored
Saint Anthony's Battery 👁 Image
Qala 1731–1732 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Saint Julian's Tower & Battery 👁 Image
Sliema 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Battery partially intact, tower intact
Saint Lucian Tower & Battery 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Battery demolished, tower intact
Saint Mary's Battery 👁 Image
Għajnsielem 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Saint Mary's Battery Żebbuġ, Gozo 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Saint Paul's Battery 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1881–1886 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, abandoned
Saint Peter's Battery Kalkara 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
San Petronio Battery Kalkara 1602 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Destroyed, ditch survives
San Rocco Battery 👁 Image
Kalkara 1798–1799 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Saint Thomas Tower & Battery 👁 Image
Marsaskala 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Tower intact, battery rebuilt on modern interpretative lines.
Saluting Battery 👁 Image
Valletta 1560s 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Sliema Batteries Sliema 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Sliema Point Battery 👁 Image
Sliema 1872–1876 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, used as a restaurant
Spinola Battery St. Julian's 1889–1894 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Demolished
Ta' Għemmuna Battery St. Julian's 1799 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Tal-Borg Battery 👁 Image
Tarxien 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Tarġa Battery 👁 Image
Mosta
St. Paul's Bay
1887–1890s 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, restoration planned
Tas-Samra Battery 👁 Image
Ħamrun 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished. The church around which the battery was built still exists.
Tombrell Battery Marsaxlokk 1722 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished, ditch survives
Vendôme Battery Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, dilapidated
Westreme Battery 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Blockhouse intact, gun platform destroyed
Wied Musa Battery 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Gun platform intact, blockhouse heavily altered
Wignacourt Tower & Battery 👁 Image
St. Paul's Bay 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Battery mostly intact, tower intact
Wilġa Battery 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1714 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Blockhouse intact, gun platform destroyed
Wolseley Battery 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1897–1899 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact
Żabbar Batteries 👁 Image
Żabbar 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished
Żejtun Batteries 👁 Image
Żejtun 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished (one cannon remains)
Żonqor Battery 👁 Image
Marsaskala 1882–1886 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Intact, used as a farm

Notes:

  • Batteries located within larger fortifications are not included in the above list unless they are notable in their own right. Such batteries include:
  • Anti-aircraft batteries built in World War II are also not included.

Redoubts

[edit]
👁 Image
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (June 2015)
Name Image Location Built[c] Builder Status
Baħar iċ-Ċagħaq Redoubt 👁 Image
Naxxar 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a bar[18]
Briconet Redoubt 👁 Image
Marsaskala 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a police station
Crivelli Redoubt Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Del Fango Redoubt Marsaxlokk 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Fresnoy Redoubt Birżebbuġa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished[17]
Marsalforn Tower 👁 Image
Xagħra 1720 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Mellieħa Redoubt Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Perellos Redoubt St. Paul's Bay 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Qalet Marku Redoubt Naxxar 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Qortin Redoubt Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Partially intact
Ramla Redoubt 👁 Image
Xagħra 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Saint George Redoubt 👁 Image
Birżebbuġa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact[17]
Saint Lucian Redoubt Marsaxlokk 1799 👁 Kingdom of Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain
Demolished
Saint Mary's Redoubt Għajnsielem 1716 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
San Rocco Redoubt Kalkara 1799 👁 Kingdom of Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain
Demolished
Spinola Redoubt Birżebbuġa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished[17]
Tal-Bir Redoubt 👁 Image
Mellieħa 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Vendôme Tower 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, used as a football club headquarters
Windmill Redoubt 👁 Image
Żabbar 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished. The windmill around which the redoubt was built still exists.
Ximenes Redoubt 👁 Image
Naxxar 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Intact, restored
Xwejni Redoubt Żebbuġ, Gozo 1715 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished
Żabbar Redoubt 👁 Image
Żabbar 1798 👁 Image
Maltese insurgents
Demolished

Entrenchments

[edit]
👁 Image
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (June 2015)
Name Image Location Built[c] Builder Status
Bengħisa Entrenchment Birżebbuġa 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Demolished[17]
Birżebbuġa Entrenchment Birżebbuġa 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Partially intact
Falca Lines 👁 Image
Mġarr
St. Paul's Bay
1723–1732 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Għajn Tuffieħa Entrenchment Mġarr 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Partially intact
Louvier Entrenchment Mellieħa 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Never completed
Largely intact
Madliena Entrenchment Naxxar 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Short stretch intact
Naxxar Entrenchment 👁 Image
Naxxar 1722 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Partially intact
Qawra Point Entrenchment 👁 Image
St. Paul's Bay 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Short stretch survives in ruins
Qbajjar Entrenchment Żebbuġ, Gozo 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Few remains survive
Ramla Entrenchment Xagħra 1720 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Few remains survive
Saint Julian's Entrenchment 👁 Image
St. Julian's 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Short stretch intact
Saint Lucian Entrenchment Marsaxlokk 1799 👁 Kingdom of Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain
Demolished
Spinola Entrenchment 👁 Image
St. Julian's 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Partially intact
Ta' Kassisu Entrenchment Mellieħa 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Never completed
Largely intact
Xgħajra Entrenchment Żabbar 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Short stretches intact
Xrobb l-Għaġin Entrenchment Marsaxlokk 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins
Żewwieqa Entrenchment 👁 Image
Għajnsielem 1761 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Order of Saint John
Ruins

Notes:

  • Entrenchments were originally planned to be built around the entire coastline of the Maltese Islands. The ones listed here are those of which some remains survive, or which are definitely known to have existed.

Lines of fortification

[edit]
Name Image Location Built Builder Status
Corradino Lines 👁 Image
Paola 1871–1880 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Mostly intact
Victoria Lines 👁 Image
Rabat
Mġarr
Mosta
Naxxar
Għargħur
1875–1899 👁 United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Partially intact[19]

Notes:

Stop walls

[edit]

Fortified houses and privately built towers

[edit]
👁 Image
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (January 2016)
Name Image Location Built Builder Status
Sant'Angelo Tower Birżebbuġa 1702 or 1775 Viani Destroyed during WWII[20]
Armoury 👁 Image
Siġġiewi Intact
Bubaqra Tower 👁 Image
Żurrieq c. 1579 Don Matteolo Pisani Intact
Cardona Tower 👁 Image
Għarb Cardona family Intact. Built before 1649.[21] Also known as tas-Sarretta Tower.[22] Intact but machicolations removed. They appear to were still partially intact on 21 August 1933.[23]
Castello Lanzun 👁 Image
San Ġwann 15th century–1713 Wenzu Lanzun Intact
Gauci Tower 👁 Image
Naxxar 16th century Francesco Gauci Intact
Gourgion Tower Xewkija 1690 Giovanni Gourgion Demolished, some stonework survives
Ingraw Tower 👁 Image
Żejtun 1603 Clemente Tabone Dismantled; stonework used to build farmhouses[24][25]
Mamo Tower 👁 Image
Marsaskala 1657 Gregorio and Giorgio Mamo Intact, restored
Mari ta’ Qerqni Tower Birżebbuġa Unclear Intact, converted into a farmhouse
Sant'Antnin Tower Żejtun Destroyed during WWII[25]
Santa Cecilia Tower 👁 Image
Għajnsielem 1613 Fra Bernardo Macedonia Intact
Ta' Bettina Tower 👁 Image
Marsaxlokk c. 1740 D'Aurel Family Intact
Tal-Buttar Tower 👁 Image
Marsaskala Intact and used as a rural building with a close by watermill.[26]
Tal-Gardiel Tower 👁 Image
Marsaskala Intact
Tal-Mozz Tower 👁 Image
Żejtun 1628 Intact.[25] Also known as Tal-Kwies Tower.[27]
Wied il-Qoton Tower Birżebbuġa 18th century Unprofessionally modified in 1758
Verdala Palace 👁 Image
Siġġiewi 1586 Hugues Loubenx de Verdalle Intact

Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Some alterations were made by the 👁 United Kingdom
    United Kingdom
  2. ^ The fort was built around a tower of the 👁 Sovereign Military Order of Malta
    Order of Saint John.
  3. ^ a b c Some dates are approximate

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Castagna, P. P. (1865). Malta bil chzejer tehne u li ghadda min ghaliha (in Maltese). Vol. 1. pp. 166–168.
  2. ^ a b c "Maltese fortifcations" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  3. ^ a b c "Bugeja" (PDF). www.viatransfer.viastoria.ch. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  4. ^ Cassar, George (2014). "Defending a Mediterranean island outpost of the Spanish Empire – the case of Malta". Sacra Militia (13): 59–68.
  5. ^ Attard, Anton F (2012). "Il-Castrum Terre Gaudisii u l-Origini tal-Matrici tal-Assunta f'Ghawdex". Festa Santa Marija (9). Leone Philharmonic Society: 70–77.
  6. ^ Vella, Godwin (June 2014). "Barumbari, Giren and Mġiebaħ - Vernacular Gems in Oblivion" (PDF). The Gozo Observer (30) – via University of Malta.
  7. ^ "Data" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  8. ^ "Info" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  9. ^ "Forzi" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  10. ^ "Fortizza" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  11. ^ Vella, John (2016). "The Rock-cut Church of Bormla: Origins and Developments" (PDF). Journal of Maltese History. 5 (1). University of Malta: 60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2018.
  12. ^ Guillaumier, Alfie (2002). Bliet u Rhula Maltin. Vol. 1. Klabb Kotba Maltin. p. 129. ISBN 99932-39-15-1.
  13. ^ "It-Torri ta' Garżes" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt (in Maltese). Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  14. ^ "thinksite.eu" (PDF). www.thinksite.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-06-29. Retrieved 2018-06-29.
  15. ^ "Lehan" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  16. ^ "Fortifikazzjonijiet f'Birżebbuġa". 19 August 2011.
  17. ^ a b c d e "Batterji" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  18. ^ "Data" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  19. ^ "Victoria lines" (PDF). www.um.edu.mt. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  20. ^ "300 Sena ilu nbniet Il-Kappella ta' Sant'Anġlu ta' Ħal Far". sanpietru.wordpress.com. 19 July 2011.
  21. ^ "page 98" (PDF). Archived from the original on April 16, 2016.
  22. ^ "Old Photos Catalogue" (PDF). National Archives, Malta: Gozo Collection. Planning Authority: 48. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 May 2020.
  23. ^ "It-Torri ta' Cardona, Gharb, Road Rabat, Gozo". Europeana. Archived from the original on 30 May 2020.
  24. ^ Bugeja, Anton (2014). "Clemente Tabone: The man, his family and the early years of St Clement's Chapel" (PDF). The Turkish Raid of 1614: 42–57. Archived from the original on 20 June 2018.
  25. ^ a b c Abela, Joe; Brincat, Anthony M. "Santa Maria ta' Ħal Tmin ~ Żejtun ~". Kappelli Maltin (in Maltese). Archived from the original on 20 June 2017.
  26. ^ Independent, Malta (2006-06-18). "Irrational With Marsascala: shocking building proposals for scheduled properties". The Malta Independent. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  27. ^ "Tal-Kwies Tower – PLAKKASTORJA". Plakkastorja.home.blog. 15 December 2018. Retrieved 2020-06-04.

External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fortifications in Malta.