Queen Inseong (Korean: 인성왕후; 28 October 1514 – 16 January 1578^[a]), of the Bannam Park clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and queen consort of Yi Ho, King Injong. She was queen consort of Joseon from 1544 until her husband's death in 1545, after which she was honoured as Queen Dowager Gongui (Korean: 공의왕대비).

Lady Park was born into the Bannam Park clan on 28 October 1514 to Park Yong and his third wife, Lady Kim of the Uiseong Kim clan. She was the only child and daughter therefore, and although her father had two sons with his concubine, her father adopted a cousin from her immediate family. Through her great-great-great-grandmother, Lady Park was also a great-great-great-grandniece of Yi Saek.

The 10-year-old Lady Park became Crown Princess Consort in March 1524 when she married the 9-year-old Crown Prince Yi Ho (the future King Injong). That same year in the summer, her father died.

Her mother was given the royal title of "Internal Princess Consort Munso" (문소부부인; 聞韶府夫人) and her father was given the royal title of "Internal Prince Geumseong" (금성부원군; 錦城府院君) when she became Crown Princess.

In 1544, when her husband became king after the death of her father-in-law, the now Queen Consort moved from Gyeongbok Palace's Jaseondang Hall to Gyotaejeon Hall (교태전; 交泰殿).

One year later, when her husband died on 8 August 1545, she became Queen Dowager Gongui and the king's younger half-brother became King Myeongjong since the royal couple did not have any children. But he also died on 3 August 1567 without issue, and so his half-nephew, King Seonjo, became king that same year. Her first cousin thrice removed, later Queen Uiin, was the first wife of King Seonjo.

Queen Inseong died 11 years later on 16 January 1578 in Gyeongbok Palace's hall, Gyotaejeon, at the age of 64.

Parent

• Father − Park Yong (박용; 朴墉; 1468–1524)
• Mother
  • Biological - Internal Princess Consort Munso of the Uiseong Kim clan (문소부부인 의성 김씨; 聞韶府夫人 義城 金氏; 1490–1550); Park Yong's third wife
  • Step - Lady Kim of the Gwangju Kim clan (증 정경부인 광주 김씨; 贈 政敬夫人 光州 金氏; 1468–?); Park Yong's first wife
  • Unnamed stepmother (1478–?); Park Yong's second wife

Sibling(s)

• Older half-brother − Park Chun-jeong (박춘정; 朴春丁; 1500–?)
• Adoptive younger brother - Park Gan (박간; 朴諫; 1516–?); son of Park Gi (박기; 朴基)
• Younger half-brother − Park Pyeong (박평; 朴平)
• Younger half-sister − Lady Park of the Bannam Park clan (반남 박씨; 潘南 朴氏)

Consort

• Yi Ho, King Injong (조선 인종; 10 March 1515 – 7 August 1545) — No issue.

• 인성왕후 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.