The ruble or rouble (/ΛruΛbΙl/; Russian: ΡΡΠ±Π»Ρ, IPA: [rublΚ²]) is a currency unit. Currently, currencies named ruble in circulation include the Russian ruble (RUB, β½) in Russia and the Belarusian ruble (BYN, Rbl) in Belarus. These currencies are subdivided into one hundred kopeks. No kopek is currently formally subdivided, although denga (Β½ kopek) and polushka (Β½ denga, thus ΒΌ kopek) were minted until the 19th century. Additionally, the Transnistrian ruble is used in Transnistria, an unrecognized breakaway province of Moldova.
Historically, the grivna, ruble and denga were used in Russia as measurements of weight. In 1704, as a result of monetary reforms by Peter the Great, the imperial ruble of the Russian Empire became the first decimal currency. The silver ruble was used until 1897 and the gold ruble was used until 1917. The Soviet ruble officially replaced the imperial ruble in 1922 and continued to be used until 1993, when it was formally replaced with the Russian ruble in the Russian Federation and by other currencies in other post-Soviet states. In the past, several other countries influenced by the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union had currency units that were also named ruble, including the Latvian ruble, Tajikistani ruble and Transcaucasian ruble (later Armenian ruble, Azerbaijani ruble, Georgian ruble).
Countries and territories currently using currency units named "ruble"
[edit]| Currency | Current users | ISO 4217 code |
|---|---|---|
| Russian ruble | π Image Russian Federation (1992βpresent) π Image Abkhazia (2008βpresent) π Image South Ossetia (2008βpresent) |
RUB (1998βpresent)[1] RUR (1992β1997)[2] |
| Belarusian ruble | π Image Belarus (1994βpresent) |
BYN (2016βpresent)[3] BYR (2000β2016)[4] BYB (1994β2000)[5] |
| Transnistrian ruble | π Image Transnistria (1994βpresent) |
- |
Countries and territories historically using currency units named "ruble"
[edit]
See also
[edit]External links
[edit]
- Edvinsson, Rodney (10 January 2016). "Historical Currency Converter". Economic history. Historical Statistics. Stockholm University.
References
[edit]- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 97 - 1997-12-19" (PDF).
- ^ a b c d e ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 50 - 1992-12-10 (PDF)
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 161 - 2015-12-18" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 106 - 1999-12-10" (PDF).
- ^ a b "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 77 - 1994-07-20" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 61 - 1993-07-27" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 69 - 1993-12-03" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 64 - 1993-09-21" (PDF).
- ^ a b "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 78 - 1994-10-04" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 71 - 1994-04-14" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 72 - 1994-05-17" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 76 - 1994-07-12" (PDF).
- ^ a b "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 84 - 1995-07-12" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 54 - 1993-03-08" (PDF).
- ^ John Odling-Smee, Gonzalo Pastor. The IMF and the Ruble Area, 1991β1993 // IMF Working Paper, 2001 Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 46 - 1992-07-23" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 48 - 1992-10-29" (PDF).
- ^ "ISO4217 AMENDMENT NUMBER 110 - 2000-11-02" (PDF).
