Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Derived from earlier arlloes. Doublet of arloesi (“to innovate”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈarɬʊɨ̯s/
- (South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈarɬʊi̯s/
- (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈarɬʊs/
Verb
[edit]arllwys (first-person singular present arllwysaf)
- (South Wales) to pour
- (figurative) to pour (with rain)
- Dewch i mewn, mae'n arllwys y glaw tu fas.
- Come inside, it's pouring with rain outside.
- Synonym: glawio
- (figurative) to pour (with rain)
- to empty out, to evacuate
- to purge, to cleanse
- Synonyms: clirio, carthu, glanhau allan
- to purge, to cleanse
Conjugation
[edit]| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | arllwysaf | arllwysi | arllwys, arllwysa | arllwyswn | arllwyswch | arllwysant | arllwysir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
arllwyswn | arllwysit | arllwysai | arllwysem | arllwysech | arllwysent | arllwysid | |
| preterite | arllwysais | arllwysaist | arllwysodd | arllwysasom | arllwysasoch | arllwysasant | arllwyswyd | |
| pluperfect | arllwysaswn | arllwysasit | arllwysasai | arllwysasem | arllwysasech | arllwysasent | arllwysasid, arllwysesid | |
| present subjunctive | arllwyswyf | arllwysych | arllwyso | arllwysom | arllwysoch | arllwysont | arllwyser | |
| imperative | — | arllwysa | arllwysed | arllwyswn | arllwyswch | arllwysent | arllwyser | |
| verbal noun | arllwys | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | arllwysedig arllwysadwy | |||||||
| inflected colloquial forms |
singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | arllwysa i, arllwysaf i |
arllwysi di | arllwysith o/e/hi, arllwysiff e/hi |
arllwyswn ni | arllwyswch chi | arllwysan nhw |
| conditional | arllwyswn i, arllwysswn i |
arllwyset ti, arllwysset ti |
arllwysai fo/fe/hi, arllwyssai fo/fe/hi |
arllwysen ni, arllwyssen ni |
arllwysech chi, arllwyssech chi |
arllwysen nhw, arllwyssen nhw |
| preterite | arllwysais i, arllwyses i |
arllwysaist ti, arllwysest ti |
arllwysodd o/e/hi | arllwyson ni | arllwysoch chi | arllwyson nhw |
| imperative | — | arllwysa | — | — | arllwyswch | — |
Derived terms
[edit]- arllwys ei gwd (“pour out one's heart, share one's troubles”)
- arllwysfa (“outfall, outlet”)
Mutation
[edit]| radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
|---|---|---|---|
| arllwys | unchanged | unchanged | harllwys |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “arllwysaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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