French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From gouttelette.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]goutteler
- to drip (fall in droplets)
Conjugation
[edit]This verb is conjugated like parler, except the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-, as in the third-person singular present indicative il gouttèle and the third-person singular future indicative il gouttèlera.
Conjugation of goutteler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | goutteler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | gouttelant /ɡut.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | gouttelé /ɡut.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gouttèle /ɡu.tɛl/ |
gouttèles /ɡu.tɛl/ |
gouttèle /ɡu.tɛl/ |
gouttelons /ɡut.lɔ̃/ |
gouttelez /ɡut.le/ |
gouttèlent /ɡu.tɛl/ |
| imperfect | gouttelais /ɡut.lɛ/ |
gouttelais /ɡut.lɛ/ |
gouttelait /ɡut.lɛ/ |
gouttelions /ɡu.tə.ljɔ̃/ |
goutteliez /ɡu.tə.lje/ |
gouttelaient /ɡut.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | gouttelai /ɡut.le/ |
gouttelas /ɡut.la/ |
gouttela /ɡut.la/ |
gouttelâmes /ɡut.lam/ |
gouttelâtes /ɡut.lat/ |
gouttelèrent /ɡut.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | gouttèlerai /ɡu.tɛl.ʁe/ |
gouttèleras /ɡu.tɛl.ʁa/ |
gouttèlera /ɡu.tɛl.ʁa/ |
gouttèlerons /ɡu.tɛl.ʁɔ̃/ |
gouttèlerez /ɡu.tɛl.ʁe/ |
gouttèleront /ɡu.tɛl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | gouttèlerais /ɡu.tɛl.ʁɛ/ |
gouttèlerais /ɡu.tɛl.ʁɛ/ |
gouttèlerait /ɡu.tɛl.ʁɛ/ |
gouttèlerions /ɡu.tɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɡu.te.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
gouttèleriez /ɡu.tɛ.lə.ʁje/ or /ɡu.te.lə.ʁje/ |
gouttèleraient /ɡu.tɛl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gouttèle /ɡu.tɛl/ |
gouttèles /ɡu.tɛl/ |
gouttèle /ɡu.tɛl/ |
gouttelions /ɡu.tə.ljɔ̃/ |
goutteliez /ɡu.tə.lje/ |
gouttèlent /ɡu.tɛl/ |
| imperfect2 | gouttelasse /ɡut.las/ |
gouttelasses /ɡut.las/ |
gouttelât /ɡut.la/ |
gouttelassions /ɡut.la.sjɔ̃/ |
gouttelassiez /ɡut.la.sje/ |
gouttelassent /ɡut.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | gouttèle /ɡu.tɛl/ |
— | gouttelons /ɡut.lɔ̃/ |
gouttelez /ɡut.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
[edit]- “goutteler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
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