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See also: Manger

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
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👁 Image
A manger

Etymology

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From Middle English manger, from Old French mangeoire, menjoere, from mangier (to eat) (modern French manger). Cognate with Galician manxadoira, Italian mangiatoia, Occitan manjadoira, French mangeoire.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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manger (plural mangers)

  1. A trough in a stable or barn for animals to eat from.
    • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “[The Fables of Æsop, &c.] Fab[le] LXXVI. A Dog in a Manger.”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists:[], London: [] R[ichard] Sare,[], →OCLC, page 75:
      A Churliſh Envious Curr vvas gotten into a Manger, and there lay Growling and Snarling to keep the Horſes from their Provender. The Dog Eat None himſelf, and yet rather Ventur'd the Starving his Own Carcaſe then he would ſuffer any thing elfe to be the Better for't.
    • 1646 (indicated as 1645), John Milton, “On the Morning of Christs Nativity”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton,[], London: [] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely,[], →OCLC, page 2:
      It was the Winter wilde.
      While the Heav’n-born-childe,
      All meanly wrapt in the rude manger lies:
      Nature in aw to him
      Had doff't her gawdy trim,
      With her great Maſter ſo to ſympathize:
      It was no ſeaſon then for her
      To wanton with the Sun her luſty Paramour.
  2. A section of a bow of a ship partitioned from the hawsehole to keep water out.
    • 1838, Edward Howard, Frederick Marryat, chapter XLIII, in Rattlin, the Reefer:
      Though I was close by I could not fully comprehend the whole manœuvre. The captain was head and shoulders immersed in the filthy trough, which, uncleaned, was taken from the manger, that part of the main deck directly under the forecastle and filled with salt water.

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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trough for animals to eat from

Anagrams

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French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French manger, from Old French mengier, from Late Latin manducāre (chew, devour).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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manger

  1. (transitive) to eat
    Synonyms: dévorer, consommer, avaler, engloutir, s'empiffrer, se bâfrer, ingurgiter, grignoter, festoyer, se goinfrer, becqueter, déguster, se sustenter, s'alimenter, ingérer
    J'ai mangé de la viande à midi.
    I ate some meat for lunch.
  2. (intransitive) to eat
    Synonym: casser la croûte
    Il trouvait étrange que je ne mangeasse rien.
    He found it strange that I wouldn't eat anything.
    Manger au restaurant.
    To eat in a restaurant.

Conjugation

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This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written mange- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and ranger.

Conjugation of manger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple manger
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple mangeant
/mɑ̃.ʒɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle mangé
/mɑ̃.ʒe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)
present mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/2
manges
/mɑ̃ʒ/
mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/
mangeons
/mɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/
mangez
/mɑ̃.ʒe/
mangent
/mɑ̃ʒ/
imperfect mangeais
/mɑ̃.ʒɛ/
mangeais
/mɑ̃.ʒɛ/
mangeait
/mɑ̃.ʒɛ/
mangions
/mɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/
mangiez
/mɑ̃.ʒje/
mangeaient
/mɑ̃.ʒɛ/
past historic3 mangeai
/mɑ̃.ʒe/
mangeas
/mɑ̃.ʒa/
mangea
/mɑ̃.ʒa/
mangeâmes
/mɑ̃.ʒam/
mangeâtes
/mɑ̃.ʒat/
mangèrent
/mɑ̃.ʒɛʁ/
future mangerai
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/
mangeras
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/
mangera
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/
mangerons
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/
mangerez
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/
mangeront
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional mangerais
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/
mangerais
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/
mangerait
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/
mangerions
/mɑ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/
mangeriez
/mɑ̃.ʒə.ʁje/
mangeraient
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)
present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior3 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)
present mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/2
manges
/mɑ̃ʒ/
mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/
mangions
/mɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/
mangiez
/mɑ̃.ʒje/
mangent
/mɑ̃ʒ/
imperfect3 mangeasse
/mɑ̃.ʒas/
mangeasses
/mɑ̃.ʒas/
mangeât
/mɑ̃.ʒa/
mangeassions
/mɑ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/
mangeassiez
/mɑ̃.ʒa.sje/
mangeassent
/mɑ̃.ʒas/
(compound
tenses)
past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect3 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative tu nous vous
simple mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/
mangeons
/mɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/
mangez
/mɑ̃.ʒe/
compound simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 mangé when inverted.
3 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
past historic → present perfect
past anterior → pluperfect
imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Noun

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manger m (plural mangers)

  1. food, foodstuff
    Synonyms: mange m, nourriture f, (slang) bouffe f
    Le manger est bon dans cette boulangerie.
    Food is good in this bakery

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old French mangeoire, from manger (to eat).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /maːnˈdʒuːr/, /ˈmaːndʒər/, /mau̯n-/

Noun

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manger (plural mangers)

  1. manger
  2. stall (animal dwelling)

Related terms

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Descendants

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References

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Middle French

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Etymology

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From Old French mengier.

Verb

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manger

  1. to eat (consume food)

Conjugation

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  • As parler except an extra e is inserted after the final g before a and o.
  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of manger
infinitive simple manger
compound avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple mangeant
compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle mangé
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses)
present mange manges mange mangeons mangez mangent
imperfect mangeois, mangeoys mangeois, mangeoys mangeoit, mangeoyt mangions, mangyons mangiez, mangyez mangeoient, mangeoyent
past historic mangea mangeas mangea mangeasmes mangeastes mangerent
future mangerai, mangeray mangeras mangera mangerons mangerez mangeront
conditional mangerois, mangeroys mangerois, mangeroys mangeroit, mangeroyt mangerions, mangeryons mangeriez, mangeryez mangeroient, mangeroyent
(compound
tenses)
present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)
present mange manges mange mangeons mangez mangent
imperfect mangeasse mangeasses mangeast mangeassions mangeassiez mangeassent
(compound
tenses)
past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative tu nous vous
simple mange mangeons mangez
compound simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

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  • French: manger (see there for further descendants)

Noun

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manger m (plural mangers)

  1. food (comestible solids)

Coordinate terms

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Old French

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Verb

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manger

  1. (Anglo-Norman) alternative form of mengier

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. In addition, g becomes j before an a or an o to keep the /dʒ/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of manger (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive manger avoir mangé
gerund en manjant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle manjant
past participle mangé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses
present mange manges mange manjons mangez mangent
imperfect manjoie, mangeie, manjoe, mangeve manjoies, mangeies, manjoes, mangeves manjoit, mangeit, manjot, mangeve mangiiens, mangiens mangiiez, mangiez manjoient, mangeient, manjoent, mangevent
preterite manjai manjas manja manjames manjastes mangerent
future mangerai mangeras mangera mangerons mangeroiz, mangereiz, mangerez mangeront
conditional mangeroie, mangereie mangeroies, mangereies mangeroit, mangereit mangeriiens, mangeriens mangeriiez, mangeriez mangeroient, mangereient
compound
tenses
present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses
present mange manges mange manjons mangez mangent
imperfect manjasse manjasses manjast mangissons, mangissiens mangissoiz, mangissez, mangissiez manjassent
compound
tenses
past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative tu nos vos
mange manjons mangez

Romansh

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Old French mangier, from Latin mandūcō, manducāre.

Verb

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manger

  1. (Puter) to eat

Usage notes

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In standardised Rumantsch Grischun, mangiar is used for people eating and magliar for animals eating. When applied to people magliar means eating badly (eating like a pig). Some of the Romansch lects do not make this distinction (especially Sursilvan) and magliar is the usual term for human beings.

Related terms

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