English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From French prolétariat (“proletariats as a class; state of being a proletariat”), from Latin prōlētārius (“belonging to the lowest class of citizens, whose only contribution to the state was their offspring; member of this class”) + French -at (suffix denoting actions or the results of actions).[1] Prōlētārius is derived from prōlēs (“offspring, posterity”) + -ārius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns, or forming nouns denoting agents of use from other nouns); prōlēs is from pro- (prefix meaning ‘bringing forth or into being; bringing into the open’) + *olēs (a variant of *oleō (“to grow”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”)).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌpɹəʊ.lɪˈtɛə.ɹɪ.ət/
- (General American) enPR: prō'lĭ-târʹē-ət, IPA(key): /ˌpɹoʊ.lɪˈtɛɚ.i.ət/
Audio (Canada): (file) - Hyphenation: pro‧le‧ta‧ri‧at
Noun
[edit]proletariat (plural proletariats)
- (often derogatory, also figuratively) The lowest class of society; also, the lower classes of society generally; the masses.
- Synonym: proletary
- (Marxism) Wage earners collectively; people who own no capital and depend on their labour for survival; the working class, especially when seen as engaged in a class struggle with the bourgeoisie (“the capital-owning class”).
- Synonyms: proletarian, proletary, prole
- Antonym: bourgeoisie
- Coordinate term: salariat
- 1848 February, Karl Marx; Frederick Engels [i.e., Friedrich Engels], “Bourgeois and Proletarians”, in Samuel Moore, transl., Manifesto of the Communist Party.[…], 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: National Executive Committee of the Socialist Labor Party, published 1898, →OCLC, page 27:
- Of all the classes that stand face to face with the bourgeoisie to-day, the proletariat alone is a really revolutionary class. The other classes decay and finally disappear in the face of modern industry; the proletariat is its special and essential product.
- (chiefly Ancient Rome, historical) The lowest class of citizens, who had no property and few rights, and were regarded as contributing only their offspring to the state.
- Synonyms: proletarian, proletary
Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- proles (rare)
- proletaire (archaic)
- proletairism (archaic)
- proletarian
- proletarianisation, proletarianization
- proletarianise, proletarianize
- proletarianism
- proletarianly
- proletarisation, proletarization
- proletarised, proletarized (adjective)
- proletarise, proletarize (rare)
- proletary (archaic)
- proletkult
- prolicidal
- prolicide
Translations
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References
[edit]- ^ “proletariat, n.”, in OED Online 👁 Paid subscription required
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, December 2020; “proletariat, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
Further reading
[edit]- 👁 Image
proletariat on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
[edit]Azerbaijani
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian пролетариа́т (proletariát), from French prolétariat.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]proletariat (definite accusative proletariatı, plural proletariatlar)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | proletariat | proletariatlar |
| definite accusative | proletariatı | proletariatları |
| dative | proletariata | proletariatlara |
| locative | proletariatda | proletariatlarda |
| ablative | proletariatdan | proletariatlardan |
| definite genitive | proletariatın | proletariatların |
Further reading
[edit]- “proletariat” in Obastan.com.
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin prōlētārius (“a man whose only wealth is his offspring, or whose sole service to the state is as father”) + -at, from proles (“offspring, posterity”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): (Central) [pɾu.lə.tə.ɾiˈat]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [pɾo.lə.tə.ɾiˈat]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [pɾo.le.ta.ɾiˈat]
Noun
[edit]proletariat m (plural proletariats)
References
[edit]- “proletariat”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
- “proletariat”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
- “proletariat” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “proletariat” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From French prolétariat.
Noun
[edit]proletariat n (singular definite proletariatet, plural indefinite proletariater)
Declension
[edit]| neuter gender |
singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | proletariat | proletariatet | proletariater | proletariaterne |
| genitive | proletariats | proletariatets | proletariaters | proletariaternes |
See also
[edit]- proletar (“proletarian”)
- arbejderklasse (“working class”)
References
[edit]Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Dutch proletariaat.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /prolətaˈriat/ [pro.lə.t̪aˈri.at̪̚]
- Syllabification: pro‧le‧ta‧ri‧at
Noun
[edit]prolêtariat (plural proletariat-proletariat)
- proletariat (lowest class of society)
- proletariat (wage-earners collectively)
Further reading
[edit]- 👁 Image
proletariat on the Indonesian Wikipedia.Wikipedia id - “proletariat”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from French prolétariat.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /prɔ.lɛˈta.rjat/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -arjat
- Syllabification: pro‧le‧ta‧riat
- Homophone: Proletariat
Noun
[edit]proletariat m inan (related adjective proletariacki)
- (collective, Marxism) proletariat (working class or lower class)
- (Ancient Rome, collective, historical) proletariat (lowest class of citizens in Rome)
Declension
[edit]| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | proletariat |
| genitive | proletariatu |
| dative | proletariatowi |
| accusative | proletariat |
| instrumental | proletariatem |
| locative | proletariacie |
| vocative | proletariacie |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- proletaryzować impf
- sproletaryzować pf
Further reading
[edit]- proletariat in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- proletariat in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- proletariat in PWN's encyclopedia
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from French prolétariat.
Noun
[edit]proletariat n (uncountable)
Declension
[edit]| singular only | indefinite | definite |
|---|---|---|
| nominative-accusative | proletariat | proletariatul |
| genitive-dative | proletariat | proletariatului |
| vocative | proletariatule | |
Swedish
[edit]Noun
[edit]proletariat n
Declension
[edit]| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | proletariat | proletariats |
| definite | proletariatet | proletariatets | |
| plural | indefinite | — | — |
| definite | — | — |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- “proletariat”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
- “proletariat”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
- “proletariat”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
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