Differs from primes (A000040) first time at n=31, where a(31)=131, while A000040(31)=127, as 127 whose binary expansion is 1111111, with 7 1-bits and no 0-bits is the first prime excluded from this sequence.
Select[Prime[Range[100]], DigitCount[#, 2, 1]<= DigitCount[#, 2, 0]+6&] (* Harvey P. Dale, Aug 18 2016 *)
PROG
(PARI)forprime(p=2, 269, v=binary(p); s=0; for(k=1, #v, s+=if(v[k]==1, +1, -1)); if(s<=6, print1(p, ", "))) \\ Washington Bomfim, Jan 13 2011
CROSSREFS
Complement of A095312 in A000040. Subset: A095285, from which it differs first time at n=42, where a(42)=191 (10111111 in binary), while A095285(42)=193 (11000001 in binary). Cf. also A095333.