(* printing of the triangle is commented out of function a279967[] *)
pCol[{i_, j_}] := Map[{#, j}&, Range[1, i-1]]
pDiag[{i_, j_}] := If[j>=i, Map[{#, j-i+#}&, Range[1, i-1]], Map[{i-j+#, #}&, Range[1, j-1]]]
pRow[{i_, j_}] := Map[{i, #}&, Range[1, j-1]]
pAdiag[{i_, j_}] := Map[{i+j-#, #}&, Range[1, j-1]]
priorPos[{i_, j_}] := Join[pCol[{i, j}], pDiag[{i, j}], pRow[{i, j}], pAdiag[{i, j}]]
seqPos[{i_, j_}] := (i+j-2)(i+j-1)/2+j
antiDiag[k_] := Map[{k+1-#, #}&, Range[1, k]]
upperTriangle[k_] := Flatten[Map[antiDiag, Range[1, k]], 1]
a279967[k_] := Module[{ut=upperTriangle[k], ms=Table[" ", {i, 1, k}, {j, 1, k}], h, pos, val, seqL={1}}, ms[[1, 1]]=1; For[h=2, h<=Length[ut], h++, pos=ut[[h]]; val=Apply[Plus, Select[Map[ms[[Apply[Sequence, #]]]&, priorPos[pos]], #!=0 && Mod[seqPos[pos], #]==0&]]; AppendTo[seqL, val]; ms[[Apply[Sequence, pos]]]=val]; (* Print[TableForm[ms]]; *) seqL]
a279967[13] (* values in first 13 antidiagonals *)