For k = 14, the fractions for 1 <= m <= 14 are 0, 0, 1/3, 0, 3/5, 2/3, 0, 1/2, 1/9, 4/5, 6/11, 1/3, 2/13, 0. Exactly two values are repeated (0 and 1/3), so 14 is not in this sequence.
For k = 42, the fractions (2*k mod m)/m for 1 <= m <= 42 are 0, 0, 0, 0, 4/5, 0, 0, 1/2, 1/3, 2/5, 7/11, 0, 6/13, 0, 3/5, 1/4, 16/17, 2/3, 8/19, 1/5, 0, 9/11, 15/23, 1/2, 9/25, 3/13, 1/9, 0, 26/29, 4/5, 22/31, 5/8, 6/11, 8/17, 2/5, 1/3, 10/37, 4/19, 2/13, 1/10, 2/41, 0. Exactly 5 values are repeated (0, 1/2, 4/5, 2/5, 1/3), so 42 is in this sequence.