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The consequences of human actions on risks for infectious diseases: a review
Abstract: The human population is growing, requiring more space for food production, and needing more animals to feed it. Emerging infectious diseases are increasing, causing losses in both human and animal lives, as well as large costs to society. Many factors are contributing to disease emergence, including climate change, globalization and urbanization, and most of these factors are to some extent caused by humans. Pathogens may be more or less prone to emergence in themselves, and rapidly mutating viruses are more c… Show more
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“…Similar findings have been reported by other authors, who emphasize that increased human activity during the peak summer months—including recreational use of beaches and the organization of public events—may lead to elevated microbial contamination of beach environments [ 45 ]. The positive correlation between the concentration of microfungi in beach sand and the number of users is confirmed by other studies [ 49 , 50 ]. This issue, however, requires further analysis, especially in the context of the number of users, due to incomplete data on population flow provided by supervisors of the studied municipal beaches ( Appendix B ).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…Similar findings have been reported by other authors, who emphasize that increased human activity during the peak summer months—including recreational use of beaches and the organization of public events—may lead to elevated microbial contamination of beach environments [ 45 ]. The positive correlation between the concentration of microfungi in beach sand and the number of users is confirmed by other studies [ 49 , 50 ]. This issue, however, requires further analysis, especially in the context of the number of users, due to incomplete data on population flow provided by supervisors of the studied municipal beaches ( Appendix B ).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…Previous studies by Aggarwal et al (2017) and Chudthaisong et al (2015) reported that food-borne parasitic infections were correlated with a lack of FSM facilities and personal hygiene factors. Similar studies were documented by Lindahl et al (2015), Grundy-Warr et al (2012), and Yoshida et al (2019) showing that the significance of direct contact with FS was found to be an influential factor on the prevalence of liver fluke infections. The effects of unsafely-managed FS on the prevalence of diarrhea infections are presented in Figure 3.…”
Section: Effects Of Unsafely-managed Fs On Human Health Riskssupporting
confidence: 82%
Factors Affecting the Prevalence of Fecal Pathogen Infections: Approaches for Health Risk Protection
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…Figure 3a also indicates that countries that reacted before the rst local COVID-19 case tended to adopt screening on arrivals or quarantine rules as the rst precautionary measures. We nd that more globalized countries tend to have a higher number of con rmed local cases of COVID-19 at the time of implementing travel restrictions (Pearson's correlation between the log of con rmed cases and KOF index: ρ=0.408; p<0.001; 95%CI=[0.276, 0.525]; n=173), Figure 3b) [2]. One noteworthy case is the United Kingdom, which only enforced quarantine on travelers from high-risk regions on the 08 June 2020, 129 days after COVID-19 was rst con rmed in the country.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 90%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
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