Manila (Tagalog: ᜋᜈᜒᜎ) is the capital city of the Philippines. It is one of the largest cities in the Philippines. Manila is on the biggest island of the Philippines, Luzon. Manila is by a bay named Manila Bay. The metropolitan area, called Metro Manila, is much larger. It stretches across a thin strip of land (called an isthmus) to a lake called "Laguna de Bay". Manila has a population of 1.78 million people.

Manila, the capital of the Philippines, is a vibrant and culturally rich metropolis located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay. It serves as the political, economic, cultural, and education center of the country. It has many tall buildings and has most of the popular places in the country.

Manila has a long and significant history, dating back to its establishment as a Muslim settlement in the 13th century and later as a Spanish colonial city in 1571.^[12][13]

The city played a vital role during the Spanish colonial period as a major trading hub and the capital of the Spanish East Indies^[14]

Manila showcases a mix of architectural styles, reflecting its diverse cultural influences. Intramuros, the walled city within Manila, contains well-preserved Spanish colonial structures such as Fort Santiago and San Agustin Church

The city is also home to notable landmarks, including Rizal Park, a national park honoring the country's national hero, Jose Rizal^[15]

Manila serves as the economic hub of the Philippines, contributing significantly to the country's GDP. It houses numerous multinational companies, financial institutions, and business districts, including the Makati Central Business District and Bonifacio Global City^[16]

1. ↑ "'Pearl of Orient' Stripped of Food; Manila, Before Pearl Harbor, Had Been Prosperous—Its Harbor One, of Best Focus for Two Attacks Osmeña Succeeded Quezon". New York Times. February 5, 1945. Retrieved March 3, 2014. Manila, modernized and elevated to the status of a metropolis by American engineering skill, was before Pearl Harbor a city of 623,000 population, contained in an area of fourteen square miles.
2. ↑ "Cities". Quezon City, Philippines: Department of the Interior and Local Government. Archived from the original on March 9, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
3. ↑ "An Update on the Earthquake Hazards and Risk Assessment of Greater Metropolitan Manila Area" (PDF). Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. November 14, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 24, 2016. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
4. ↑ "Enhancing Risk Analysis Capacities for Flood, Tropical Cyclone Severe Wind and Earthquake for the Greater Metro Manila Area Component 5 – Earthquake Risk Analysis" (PDF). Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology and Geoscience Australia. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 6, 2016. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
5. ↑ "Mappa topografica Manila" (in Italian). Retrieved 5 November 2024.
6. ↑ Census of Population (2020). Table B - Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City, and Municipality - By Region. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
7. ↑ "Philippine Population Density (Based on the 2015 Census of Population)". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
8. ↑ "Demographia World Urban Areas PDF (March 2013)" (PDF). Demographia. Retrieved November 24, 2013.
9. ↑ This is the original Spanish, even used by José Rizal in El filibusterismo.
10. ↑ "PSA releases the 2015 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Quezon City, Philippines. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
11. ↑ Sub-national HDI. "Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org.
12. ↑ "ARC Federation Fellowship Islam, Syari'ah and Governance BACKGROUND PAPER SERIES" (PDF). Unimelb. Retrieved September 26, 2024.
13. ↑ "Manila | Philippines, Luzon, Population, Map, Climate, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 2023-05-24. Retrieved 2023-05-30.
14. ↑ "Publications Received". Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. 13 (3). 1985. ISSN0115-0243.
15. ↑ "History of nationalparks.ph". www.ivisa.com. Archived from the original on 2023-05-30. Retrieved 2023-05-30.
16. ↑ "Makati Web Portal". www.makati.gov.ph. Retrieved 2023-05-30.

14°35′45″N 120°58′38″E / 14.59583°N 120.97722°E / 14.59583; 120.97722

5. "Manila." Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/place/Manila

6. Manila: The Philippines' Proud Capital." Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society, vol. 34, no. 4, 2006, pp. 251-272. www.jstor.org/stable/29791861

7. "Rizal Park." National Parks Development Committee, Department of Tourism, www.nationalparks.ph/rizal-park/

8. "Makati Central Business District." Makati City Government, www.makati.gov.ph/portal/makati/article.php?cat=138&id=333