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⇱ Building Reliable LLM Systems | Coursera


Building Reliable LLM Systems

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Gain insight into a topic and learn the fundamentals.
Intermediate level

Recommended experience

2 weeks to complete
at 10 hours a week
Flexible schedule
Learn at your own pace

Gain insight into a topic and learn the fundamentals.
Intermediate level

Recommended experience

2 weeks to complete
at 10 hours a week
Flexible schedule
Learn at your own pace

What you'll learn

  • Build scripts with lexical/semantic metrics to evaluate LLMs, diagnose hallucinations, and balance vector-search recall against latency.

  • Apply hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and significance metrics to evaluate model accuracy and validate results from A/B experiments.

  • Utilize parameterized SQL and data manipulation to segment user logs, calculate retention, and securely retrieve large-scale datasets.

  • Analyze LLM performance gaps to prioritize technical fixes and implement remediation measures for production-level reliability.

Details to know

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Recently updated!

March 2026

Assessments

14 assignments¹

AI Graded see disclaimer
Taught in English

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This course is part of the LLM Engineering That Works: Prompting, Tuning, and Retrieval Professional Certificate
When you enroll in this course, you'll also be enrolled in this Professional Certificate.
  • Learn new concepts from industry experts
  • Gain a foundational understanding of a subject or tool
  • Develop job-relevant skills with hands-on projects
  • Earn a shareable career certificate from Coursera

There are 5 modules in this course

Building Reliable LLM Systems is a comprehensive course for AI practitioners looking to move beyond basic models and create production-grade applications. While getting an LLM to generate text is easy, ensuring a consistently accurate, relevant, and trustworthy output is a significant engineering challenge. This course provides a systematic framework for tackling the entire lifecycle of LLM reliability.

You will start by learning to quantitatively evaluate model performance using a suite of lexical and semantic metrics, such as BLEU, ROUGE-L, and cosine similarity. You’ll dive deep into debugging, using log analysis and data manipulation to uncover the root causes of critical failures, such as hallucinations, by correlating them with retrieval system performance. The course emphasizes statistical rigor, teaching you to design and analyze A/B tests, apply hypothesis testing, and calculate confidence intervals to prove the significance of your optimizations. Finally, you’ll optimize the foundational data layers, learning to tune SQL queries and vector search parameters to achieve the perfect balance between recall and latency.

This module lays the groundwork for quantitative Large Language Mode (LLM) evaluation. Learners will discover why relying on intuition to judge model performance is unsustainable and explore the foundational metrics used to create automated, objective evaluation systems. We will cover both lexical similarity metrics (like BLEU and ROUGE-L) that assess text structure and semantic metrics (like cosine similarity) that capture meaning. By the end of this module, learners will have the conceptual understanding and practical code to build their first automated evaluation script.

What's included

8 videos3 readings3 assignments3 ungraded labs

8 videosTotal 44 minutes
  • How to Compute Lexical Metrics: BLEU & ROUGE-L in Python?6 minutes
  • How to Compute Semantic Similarity with Embeddings?6 minutes
  • Why Guess When You Can Know? The Case of the "Better" Prompt5 minutes
  • The Language of Experimentation: Hypotheses, P-Values, and Power5 minutes
  • Running the Numbers: A/B Test Analysis in Python7 minutes
  • From Report to Action: The Optimization Loop3 minutes
  • Case Study: Benchmarking a Sentiment Analyzer6 minutes
  • Scripting Your First Evaluation Report6 minutes
3 readingsTotal 17 minutes
  • A Guide to LLM Evaluation: Lexical and Semantic Metrics5 minutes
  • Designing a Fair Race: A/B Testing for LLMs7 minutes
  • Building a Reproducible Evaluation Workflow5 minutes
3 assignmentsTotal 50 minutes
  • Build Your LLM Evaluation Toolkit30 minutes
  • Knowledge Check: Choosing Your Metrics10 minutes
  • Knowledge Check: Statistical Testing Concepts10 minutes
3 ungraded labsTotal 128 minutes
  • Building Your First Automated Evaluation Script60 minutes
  • Statistical Significance Testing60 minutes
  • Planning Your Optimization Strategy8 minutes

When a production chatbot starts giving incorrect answers, how do you find the problem and fix it? This module equips AI practitioners, ML engineers, and data analysts with the essential skills for debugging production LLMs. Go beyond theory and learn the systematic, data-driven workflow that professionals use to solve the critical problem of AI hallucinations. You will be equipped to transition from merely observing AI failures to expertly diagnosing and resolving them.

What's included

5 videos3 readings3 assignments2 ungraded labs

5 videosTotal 29 minutes
  • Why Logs Matter: The Air Canada Case?6 minutes
  • Calculating Retention in Pandas6 minutes
  • Why RAG Fails: The Root of Hallucination?6 minutes
  • Correlating Errors with Retrieval in Pandas6 minutes
  • Visualizing the Proof in Matplotlib5 minutes
3 readingsTotal 28 minutes
  • Anatomy of a Log File8 minutes
  • The Engineering Brief: From Analysis to Action10 minutes
  • Authoring the Engineering Brief10 minutes
3 assignmentsTotal 40 minutes
  • LLM Diagnostics Report30 minutes
  • Knowledge Check: Retention Metrics5 minutes
  • Knowledge Check: Communicating Findings5 minutes
2 ungraded labsTotal 120 minutes
  • Lab 1: Segmenting Users & Finding the Drop60 minutes
  • Lab 2: Proving the Root Cause60 minutes

When making high-stakes deployment decisions, a simple accuracy score is not enough. This module equips you with the statistical methods to rigorously validate LLM performance improvements. By the end of this module, you will be able to move beyond subjective "it seems better" evaluations to confidently state, "we can prove it's better," ensuring every deployment decision is backed by sound statistical evidence.

What's included

5 videos2 readings3 assignments3 ungraded labs

5 videosTotal 30 minutes
  • Why Single Scores Lie8 minutes
  • Calculating Wilson Intervals in Python4 minutes
  • Why Gut Feelings Fail in A/B Testing6 minutes
  • Running a Chi-Square Test in Python6 minutes
  • Visualizing Confidence with Matplotlib5 minutes
2 readingsTotal 14 minutes
  • Core Concepts: Confidence and Significance8 minutes
  • Storytelling with Statistical Visuals6 minutes
3 assignmentsTotal 40 minutes
  • LLM Evaluation Report30 minutes
  • Confidence Intervals Quiz5 minutes
  • Communicating Results Quiz5 minutes
3 ungraded labsTotal 110 minutes
  • Lab 1: Quantifying Model Accuracy20 minutes
  • Lab 2: Validating a Model Improvement30 minutes
  • Lab 3: Create a Comparison Chart60 minutes

In the world of large-scale AI, slow queries and inefficient search can bring a system to its knees. This module provides the critical skills to prevent that, focusing on practical database and vector search optimization techniques. By the end of this module, you will be equipped to systematically analyze and optimize production retrieval systems, ensuring your AI applications are not only powerful but also fast and reliable.

What's included

4 videos3 readings4 assignments3 ungraded labs

4 videosTotal 26 minutes
  • From Inefficient to Optimized7 minutes
  • The Recall vs. Latency Trade-Off5 minutes
  • Tuning an HNSW Index8 minutes
  • Beyond One-Off Tests: The Need for Continuous Benchmarking5 minutes
3 readingsTotal 25 minutes
  • Secure and Efficient Query Patterns10 minutes
  • Understanding Vector Search Parameters10 minutes
  • Core Metrics of a Benchmarking Framework5 minutes
4 assignmentsTotal 85 minutes
  • Submit Your Performance Optimization Report45 minutes
  • SQL Security and Patterns15 minutes
  • Parameter Tuning Scenarios Quiz15 minutes
  • Interpreting Benchmark Results10 minutes
3 ungraded labsTotal 140 minutes
  • Identifying Slowest Queries using Parameterized SQL20 minutes
  • Tune HNSW Parameters for Recall and Latency60 minutes
  • Create an Automated Benchmarking Suite60 minutes

In this module, you will conduct an end-to-end performance audit comparing two LLM variants using an A/B test dataset. You will implement a pipeline to calculate key performance metrics, including lexical and semantic similarity, and use statistical A/B testing to validate model improvements. The project culminates in a comprehensive report where you will correlate hallucination rates with retrieval logs and synthesize your findings into data-driven recommendations for stakeholders, guiding the decision for a production-level rollout in a customer support application.

What's included

2 readings1 assignment

2 readingsTotal 8 minutes
  • The Final Say: From Data to Decision3 minutes
  • Your Mission: The Performance Audit5 minutes
1 assignmentTotal 120 minutes
  • Project: End-to-End LLM Performance Audit 120 minutes

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Frequently asked questions

The course assumes basic familiarity with statistics. It includes practical, applied lessons on confidence intervals and hypothesis testing, and offers step-by-step examples so that practitioners with modest statistical knowledge can follow along. Consider a short statistics refresher if you are new to hypothesis testing.

You will write evaluation scripts in Python, analyze logs and segmented datasets, run A/B test analyses, use SQL for data retrieval, and evaluate vector-search parameters (e.g., HNSW) commonly used with vector databases. No proprietary tools are required.

The course focuses on measurable, repeatable engineering practices: automated evaluation pipelines, statistical experiment design, log-driven debugging, and data-layer tuning. These skills help you prioritize fixes and validate improvements in real production settings.

To access the course materials, assignments and to earn a Certificate, you will need to purchase the Certificate experience when you enroll in a course. You can try a Free Trial instead, or apply for Financial Aid. The course may offer 'Full Course, No Certificate' instead. This option lets you see all course materials, submit required assessments, and get a final grade. This also means that you will not be able to purchase a Certificate experience.

When you enroll in the course, you get access to all of the courses in the Certificate, and you earn a certificate when you complete the work. Your electronic Certificate will be added to your Accomplishments page - from there, you can print your Certificate or add it to your LinkedIn profile.

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¹ Some assignments in this course are AI-graded. For these assignments, your data will be used in accordance with Coursera's Privacy Notice.