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Modeling Time Series and Sequential Data

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Modeling Time Series and Sequential Data

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Gain insight into a topic and learn the fundamentals.
Intermediate level
Some related experience required
1 week to complete
at 10 hours a week
Flexible schedule
Learn at your own pace

Gain insight into a topic and learn the fundamentals.
Intermediate level
Some related experience required
1 week to complete
at 10 hours a week
Flexible schedule
Learn at your own pace

Build your subject-matter expertise

This course is part of the Analyzing Time Series and Sequential Data Specialization
When you enroll in this course, you'll also be enrolled in this Specialization.
  • Learn new concepts from industry experts
  • Gain a foundational understanding of a subject or tool
  • Develop job-relevant skills with hands-on projects
  • Earn a shareable career certificate

There are 8 modules in this course

In this course you learn to build, refine, extrapolate, and, in some cases, interpret models designed for a single, sequential series. There are three modeling approaches presented. The traditional, Box-Jenkins approach for modeling time series is covered in the first part of the course. This presentation moves students from models for stationary data, or ARMA, to models for trend and seasonality, ARIMA, and concludes with information about specifying transfer function components in an ARIMAX, or time series regression, model. A Bayesian approach to modeling time series is considered next. The basic Bayesian framework is extended to accommodate autoregressive variation in the data as well as dynamic input variable effects. Machine learning algorithms for time series is the third approach. Gradient boosting and recurrent neural network algorithms are particularly well suited for accommodating nonlinear relationships in the data. Examples are provided to build intuition on the effective use of these algorithms.

The course concludes by considering how forecasting precision can be improved by combining the strengths of the different approaches. The final lesson includes demonstrations on creating combined (or ensemble) and hybrid model forecasts. This course is appropriate for analysts interested in augmenting their machine learning skills with analysis tools that are appropriate for assaying, modifying, modeling, forecasting, and managing data that consist of variables that are collected over time. This course uses a variety of different software tools. Familiarity with Base SAS, SAS/ETS, SAS/STAT, and SAS Visual Forecasting, as well as open-source tools for sequential data handling and modeling, is helpful but not required. The lessons on Bayesian analysis and machine learning models assume some prior knowledge of these topics. One way that students can acquire this background is by completing these SAS Education courses: Bayesian Analyses Using SAS and Machine Learning Using SAS Viya.

In this module you get an overview of the courses in this specialization and what you can expect.

What's included

1 video2 readings

1 videoβ€’Total 2 minutes
  • Overviewβ€’2 minutes
2 readingsβ€’Total 20 minutes
  • Getting the Most from this Specializationβ€’10 minutes
  • Using Forum and Getting Helpβ€’10 minutes

In this module, you get an idea of the scope of this course and learn to use SAS Viya for Learners to do the practices in the course.

What's included

1 video3 readings1 app item

1 videoβ€’Total 3 minutes
  • Welcome to the courseβ€’3 minutes
3 readingsβ€’Total 25 minutes
  • Prerequisitesβ€’5 minutes
  • Finding the Course Files and Practicing in this Course (REQUIRED)β€’10 minutes
  • Frequently Asked Questionsβ€’10 minutes
1 app itemβ€’Total 5 minutes
  • Access SAS Viya for Learners for Demos and Practicesβ€’5 minutes

This module reviews fundamental time series ideas. You learn about the basic components of systematic variation in time series data and some simple model specifications, such as the autoregressive order one and the random walk. You also learn about Exponential smoothing models or ESMs, selecting a champion ESM, and generating forecasts on time series.

What's included

11 videos2 assignments1 app item

11 videosβ€’Total 34 minutes
  • About this Moduleβ€’0 minutes
  • Time Series Componentsβ€’3 minutes
  • Applications of Time Series Analysisβ€’1 minute
  • Demo: Exploring a Time Seriesβ€’5 minutes
  • A Framework for Forecastingβ€’2 minutes
  • Demo: Accumulating a Time Series and Exploring Systematic Variationβ€’8 minutes
  • Concepts and Notationβ€’2 minutes
  • Naive Modelsβ€’1 minute
  • Introduction to Exponential Smoothing Models (ESM)β€’2 minutes
  • ESM and Signal Componentsβ€’2 minutes
  • Demo: Forecasting with ESMβ€’8 minutes
2 assignmentsβ€’Total 35 minutes
  • Question: Statistical Time Seriesβ€’5 minutes
  • Practice: Forecasting with ESMsβ€’30 minutes
1 app itemβ€’Total 5 minutes
  • Open SAS Viya for Learners to Practice in this Moduleβ€’5 minutes

This module has four parts. The first part describes traditional models for stationary data: Auto Regressive Moving Average or ARMA models. The second part describes how the ARMA framework is generalized to accommodate trend variation. This involves integration, and results in the ARIMA model. The third part describes how the ARIMA model is adapted to handle seasonal variation in the data. The fourth and final part of the module introduces the dynamic regression or ARIMAX model and describes concepts related to identifying transfer function components and specifying ARIMAX models.

What's included

26 videos2 assignments1 app item

26 videosβ€’Total 104 minutes
  • About this Moduleβ€’1 minute
  • Models for Stationary Dataβ€’2 minutes
  • Autoregressive Moving Average Modelsβ€’3 minutes
  • Identifying ARMA Models (Part 1)β€’5 minutes
  • Identifying ARMA Models (Part 2)β€’2 minutes
  • Demo: ARMA Model Propertiesβ€’11 minutes
  • Automatic Order Identificationβ€’2 minutes
  • Demo: Identifying ARMA Ordersβ€’2 minutes
  • Non-Stationary Data, Trendβ€’1 minute
  • Differencing and Integrationβ€’3 minutes
  • Trend Functionsβ€’2 minutes
  • Demo: Trend Two Ways in an ARIMA Frameworkβ€’7 minutes
  • The Augmented Dickey Fuller Unit Root (ADF) Test (Part 1)β€’3 minutes
  • The Augmented Dickey Fuller Unit Root (ADF) Test (Part 2)β€’3 minutes
  • Demo: An Application of the ADF Testβ€’3 minutes
  • Seasonal Variation (Part 1)β€’2 minutes
  • Seasonal Variation (Part 2)β€’2 minutes
  • The ADF Test for Seasonalityβ€’2 minutes
  • Demo: Seasonality Two Ways in an ARIMA Frameworkβ€’9 minutes
  • Time Series Regressionβ€’4 minutes
  • Demo: Ordinary Regression Using Outliersβ€’6 minutes
  • The Cross Correlation Function (CCF)β€’3 minutes
  • The Transfer Functionβ€’4 minutes
  • Interpreting the CCFβ€’3 minutes
  • Demo: Dynamic Regression with Event Variablesβ€’12 minutes
  • Cross Correlation Pitfallsβ€’3 minutes
2 assignmentsβ€’Total 25 minutes
  • Question: Stationary Time Seriesβ€’5 minutes
  • Practice: ARIMAX - Identification, Estimation, and Forecastingβ€’20 minutes
1 app itemβ€’Total 5 minutes
  • Open SAS Viya for Learners to Practice in this Moduleβ€’5 minutes

In this module, we combine the worlds of time series and Bayesian analysis. We begin with a brief review of Bayesian analysis. We then explore how to incorporate autoregressive, seasonal, and exogenous components in a Bayesian time series. We conclude with a discussion on Bayesian scoring and posterior predictive distributions.

What's included

10 videos8 assignments1 app item

10 videosβ€’Total 52 minutes
  • About this Moduleβ€’0 minutes
  • Classical Analysis versus Bayesian Analysisβ€’3 minutes
  • Accessing Lag and Next Valuesβ€’4 minutes
  • Demo: Setting Up Autoregressive Componentsβ€’14 minutes
  • Dynamic Linear Model Setupβ€’3 minutes
  • Demo: Setting Up Seasonality Componentsβ€’8 minutes
  • Adding Exogenous Variablesβ€’3 minutes
  • Demo: Setting Up Exogenous Componentsβ€’7 minutes
  • PREDDIST and Forecastingβ€’3 minutes
  • Demo: Forecast Outputβ€’7 minutes
8 assignmentsβ€’Total 100 minutes
  • Question: PROC MCMC Diagnosticsβ€’5 minutes
  • Question: PROC MCMC Statementsβ€’5 minutes
  • Practice: Modeling Autoregressive Components in Concert Dataβ€’20 minutes
  • Practice: Modeling Seasonality Components in Stock Dataβ€’20 minutes
  • Question: PROC MCMC Syntaxβ€’5 minutes
  • Practice: Modeling Exogenous Components in Rose Sales Dataβ€’20 minutes
  • Question: Forecasting Techniquesβ€’5 minutes
  • Practice: Generating Posterior Predictive Distributions for an AR(1) Modelβ€’20 minutes
1 app itemβ€’Total 5 minutes
  • Open SAS Viya for Learners to Practice in this Moduleβ€’5 minutes

In this module you learn how to use SAS machine learning tools to forecast individual time series. You learn to prepare the time series data for use with the machine learning tools, and how to build and score forecasting models using these tools. We focus on gradient boosting and recurrent neural network models and discuss when it would be useful to use these methods.

What's included

8 videos1 reading5 assignments1 app item

8 videosβ€’Total 60 minutes
  • About this Moduleβ€’0 minutes
  • Preparing Time Series Data for Machine Learningβ€’6 minutes
  • Brief Introduction to Gradient Boosting Modelsβ€’5 minutes
  • Demo: Preparing Time Series Data and Building a Gradient Boosting Modelβ€’19 minutes
  • Introduction to Recurrent Neural Networksβ€’4 minutes
  • Long Short-Term Memory Blocks in RNNsβ€’6 minutes
  • Demo: Building a Recurrent Neural Network with LSTM Blocks to Forecast Time Seriesβ€’14 minutes
  • Limitations of Machine Learning Methods for Time Series Forecastingβ€’6 minutes
1 readingβ€’Total 10 minutes
  • About the Next Three Practicesβ€’10 minutes
5 assignmentsβ€’Total 70 minutes
  • Question: Machine Learning Modelsβ€’5 minutes
  • Question: RNN Datasetsβ€’5 minutes
  • Practice: Changing the Number of Lagged Input Values for the Recurrent Neural Network Modelβ€’20 minutes
  • Practice: Adding Hidden Units to the Recurrent Neural Network Modelβ€’20 minutes
  • Practice: Removing a Hidden Layer from the Recurrent Neural Network Modelβ€’20 minutes
1 app itemβ€’Total 5 minutes
  • Open SAS Viya for Learners to Practice in this Moduleβ€’5 minutes

This module describes how forecasts that are generated externally to the forecasting system can be accommodated in SAS Visual Forecasting. We'll use external forecasts to create a combined or ensemble forecast that has the potential to improve forecast precision relative to the constituent, external forecasts. This module concludes with a discussion of hybrid model forecasts that combine traditional and machine learning approaches to forecasting.

What's included

9 videos1 assignment2 app items

9 videosβ€’Total 56 minutes
  • About this Moduleβ€’1 minute
  • External Models and Combined Forecastsβ€’2 minutes
  • Combination Forecast Detailsβ€’2 minutes
  • Combined Forecasts Using the TSM Packageβ€’3 minutes
  • Demo: Generating Combined Forecasts with the CFC Objectβ€’12 minutes
  • Demo: Combining Forecasts from Multiple Modeling Approachesβ€’6 minutes
  • Strengths of Machine Learning Methods: Modeling Multiple Time Seriesβ€’3 minutes
  • Weighting Combined Forecasts with Machine Learningβ€’4 minutes
  • Demo: Using Gradient Boosting to Find the Best Weighted Combination of Traditional Time Series Modelsβ€’24 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 20 minutes
  • Practice: Generating a Combined Model Forecastβ€’20 minutes
2 app itemsβ€’Total 65 minutes
  • Open SAS Viya for Learners to Practice in this Moduleβ€’5 minutes
  • Open Viya for Learners Jupyter Interface to follow along with the next Demoβ€’60 minutes

What's included

1 assignment

1 assignmentβ€’Total 30 minutes
  • Modeling Time Series and Sequential Data - Course Examβ€’30 minutes

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Instructors

SAS
3 Coursesβ€’3,328 learners
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2 Coursesβ€’5,425 learners
SAS
1 Courseβ€’1,650 learners

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Frequently asked questions

To access the course materials, assignments and to earn a Certificate, you will need to purchase the Certificate experience when you enroll in a course. You can try a Free Trial instead, or apply for Financial Aid. The course may offer 'Full Course, No Certificate' instead. This option lets you see all course materials, submit required assessments, and get a final grade. This also means that you will not be able to purchase a Certificate experience.

When you enroll in the course, you get access to all of the courses in the Specialization, and you earn a certificate when you complete the work. Your electronic Certificate will be added to your Accomplishments page - from there, you can print your Certificate or add it to your LinkedIn profile.

Yes. In select learning programs, you can apply for financial aid or a scholarship if you can’t afford the enrollment fee. If fin aid or scholarship is available for your learning program selection, you’ll find a link to apply on the description page.

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