Array class in C++

The introduction of array class from C++11 has offered a better alternative for C-style arrays. The advantages of array class over C-style array are :- 
 

• Array classes knows its own size, whereas C-style arrays lack this property. So when passing to functions, we don't need to pass size of Array as a separate parameter.
• With C-style array there is more risk of array being decayed into a pointer. Array classes don't decay into pointers
• Array classes are generally more efficient, light-weight and reliable than C-style arrays.

Operations on array :- 
1. at() :- This function is used to access the elements of array. 
2. get() :- This function is also used to access the elements of array. This function is not the member of array class but overloaded function from class tuple. 
3. operator[] :- This is similar to C-style arrays. This method is also used to access array elements.

The array elements are (using at()) : 1 2 3 4 5 6 
The array elements are (using get()) : 1 2 3 4 5 6 
The array elements are (using operator[]) : 1 2 3 4 5 6 

4. front() :- This returns reference to  the first element of array. 
5. back() :- This returns reference to the last element of array.

First element of array is : 1
Last element of array is : 6
array after updating first and last element 
10 2 3 4 5 60 

6. size() :- It returns the number of elements in array. This is a property that C-style arrays lack. 
7. max_size() :- It returns the maximum number of elements array can hold i.e, the size with which array is declared. The size() and max_size() return the same value.

The number of array elements is : 6
Maximum elements array can hold is : 6

8. swap() :- The swap() swaps all elements of one array with other.

The first array elements before swapping are : 1 2 3 4 5 6 
The second array elements before swapping are : 7 8 9 10 11 12 
The first array elements after swapping are : 7 8 9 10 11 12 
The second array elements after swapping are : 1 2 3 4 5 6 

 9. empty() :- This function returns true when the array size is zero else returns false. 
10. fill() :- This function is used to fill the entire array with a particular value.