Check if a number is a Krishnamurthy Number or not

A Krishnamurthy number is a number whose sum of the factorial of digits is equal to the number itself.
For example, 145 is the sum of the factorial of each digit.
1! + 4! + 5! = 1 + 24 + 120 = 145

Examples:

Input : 145
Output : YES
Explanation: 1! + 4! + 5! = 
1 + 24 + 120 = 145, which is equal to input,
hence YES.
Input : 235
Output : NO
Explanation: 2! + 3! + 5! = 
2 + 6 + 120 = 128, which is not equal to input, 
hence NO.

The idea is simple, we compute the sum of factorials of all digits and then compare the sum with n. 

YES

Time Complexity: O(n log₁₀n) where n is a given number
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Interestingly, there are exactly four Krishnamurthy numbers i.e. 1, 2, 145, and 40585 known to us. 

Approach 2: Precomputing factorials and checking each digit of the number against the precomputed factorials.

1.   The declaration int factorial[10]; creates an array factorial of 10 integers to store the precomputed factorials.
2.   The precomputeFactorials() function calculates and stores the factorials of numbers 0 to 9 in the factorial array. It uses a for loop to iterate through each number and calculates its factorial by multiplying it with the factorial of the previous number.
3.   The isKrishnamurthy(int n) function takes an integer n as input and checks if it is a Krishnamurthy number or not. It first declares a variable sum to store the sum of factorials of digits in n and a variable temp to store a copy of n.
4.   It then enters a while loop that continues until temp becomes zero. In each iteration of the loop, it calculates the rightmost digit of temp using the modulo operator (temp % 10) and adds the factorial of that digit to sum. It then updates the value of temp by removing the rightmost digit using integer division (temp /= 10).
5.   After the while loop completes, the function returns true if sum is equal to n, indicating that n is a Krishnamurthy number, or false otherwise.
6.    In the main() function, we call precomputeFactorials() to precompute the factorials of numbers 0 to 9 and store them in the factorial array.
7.    We then set n to 145, which is a Krishnamurthy number, and call isKrishnamurthy(n) to check if n is a Krishnamurthy number or not.
8.    Finally, we use cout to print "YES" if isKrishnamurthy(n) returns true, indicating that n is a Krishnamurthy number, or "NO" otherwise. We also use endl to insert a newline character after the output.

YES

Time Complexity: O(logN)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)