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Form the Cubic equation from the given roots

Last Updated : 25 Jul, 2024

Given the roots of a cubic equation A, B and C, the task is to form the Cubic equation from the given roots.
Note: The given roots are integral.
Examples:

Input: A = 1, B = 2, C = 3 
Output: x^3 - 6x^2 + 11x - 6 = 0 
Explanation:
Since 1, 2, and 3 are roots of the cubic equations, Then equation is given by: 
(x - 1)(x - 2)(x - 3) = 0 
(x - 1)(x^2 - 5x + 6) = 0 
x^3 - 5x^2 + 6x - x^2 + 5x - 6 = 0 
x^3 - 6x^2 + 11x - 6 = 0.
Input: A = 5, B = 2, C = 3 
Output: x^3 - 10x^2 + 31x - 30 = 0 
Explanation:
Since 5, 2, and 3 are roots of the cubic equations, Then equation is given by: 
(x - 5)(x - 2)(x - 3) = 0 
(x - 5)(x^2 - 5x + 6) = 0 
x^3 - 5x^2 + 6x - 5x^2 + 25x - 30 = 0 
x^3 - 10x^2 + 31x - 30 = 0. 

Approach: Let the root of the cubic equation (ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0) be A, B and C. Then the given cubic equation can be represents as: 

ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = x3 - (A + B + C)x2 + (AB + BC +CA)x + A*B*C = 0. 
Let X = (A + B + C) 
Y = (AB + BC +CA) 
Z = A*B*C 

Therefore using the above relation find the value of X, Y, and Z and form the required cubic equation.
Below is the implementation of the above approach:


Output
x^3 - 10x^2 + 31x - 30 = 0

Time Complexity: O(1)

Auxiliary Space: O(1)

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