NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 : Water Resources

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3: Water Resources includes answers to exercise questions and an explanation of social science's water resources. All of the essential components of this chapter are covered in the NCERT Solution for Class 10th Chapter 3: Water Resources. With the help of these NCERT Solutions, students may have a deeper understanding of the concepts covered in Chapter 3: Water Resources. The NCERT Solutions provide thorough explanations of every subject taught in Chapter 3 of the Geography textbook for Class 10.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3: Water Resources

The solutions for Chapter 3 of Water Resources have been provided below and students can check NCERT Solutions for Class 10 for other subjects as well.

Exercise Page No 46

1. Multiple choice questions.

(i) Based on the information given below, classify each situation as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’.

1. Region with high annual rainfall. 
2. Region having high annual rainfall and large population. 
3. Region has high annual rainfall but highly polluted water. 
4. Region having low rainfall and low population.

Answer-

1. Region with high annual rainfall- Not suffering from water scarcity
2. Region having high annual rainfall and large population- Suffering from water scarcity
3. Region has high annual rainfall, but water is highly polluted- Suffering from water scarcity
4. Region having low rainfall and low population- Not suffering from water scarcity

(ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favor of multi-purpose river projects?

1. Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity. 
2. Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow help to control floods. 
3. Multi-purpose projects lead to large-scale displacements and loss of livelihood. 
4. Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.

Answer-

(3)Multi-purpose projects lead to large-scale displacements and loss of livelihood.

(iii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite them correctly.

1. Multiplying urban centers with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles has helped in the proper utilization of water resources. 
2. Regulating and damming rivers does not affect the river’s natural flow and sediment flow. 
3. In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were not agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts. 
4. Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater water harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Indira Gandhi Canal.

Answer-

1. Expanding urban centers with large and densely populated areas and urban lifestyles has led to the improper utilization of water resources.
2. The regulation and construction of dams on rivers do impact the natural flow of the river and the movement of sediment within it.
3. Farmers in the Sabarmati basin in Gujarat expressed their dissatisfaction when urban areas were given greater priority for water supply, especially during periods of drought.
4. In present times, the popularity of rooftop rainwater harvesting in Rajasthan has diminished due to the abundant availability of water from the Indira Gandhi Canal.

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.

Answer-

Water is considered renewable because it undergoes a continuous cycle of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, ensuring a constant supply and making it available for various purposes repeatedly.

(ii) What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?

Answer-

Water scarcity occurs when there is an insufficient supply of freshwater to fulfill the needs of a place or people. It is mainly caused by population growth, climate change, pollution, overuse, and inadequate water management infrastructure.

(iii) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.

Answer-

Multi-purpose river projects have benefits such as flood control, hydroelectric power, irrigation, and enhanced navigation. However, they also have drawbacks like community displacement, environmental impact, and disruption to river ecosystems.

3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words

(i) Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.

Answer-

Rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan involves various methods to collect and store rainwater. One approach is rooftop harvesting, where rainwater from rooftops is directed into storage tanks or underground reservoirs. Check dams and small reservoirs are also constructed to capture rainwater and allow it to percolate into the ground, recharging groundwater levels. Traditional methods like "khadins" and "johads" use earthen embankments and ponds to collect and retain rainwater. Community involvement and awareness campaigns are crucial in promoting these practices. The government supports rainwater harvesting initiatives through incentives and schemes. Overall, rainwater harvesting helps address water scarcity, replenish groundwater, and mitigate drought impacts, contributing to sustainable water management in Rajasthan's semi-arid regions.

(ii) Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.

Answer-

Modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods aim to enhance water conservation and storage. Improved materials and technologies are utilized to construct more durable structures. Reinforced concrete or plastic linings are employed in traditional earthen tanks to minimize seepage and extend their lifespan. Innovations in rooftop rainwater harvesting systems involve incorporating advanced filters and purification mechanisms to ensure the collected water is safe for various purposes. Rainwater harvesting pits or trenches with drainage systems are designed to direct runoff water into excavated underground reservoirs. To optimize water storage, techniques such as percolation tanks and recharge wells are implemented. These methods divert rainwater into specially designed structures that facilitate groundwater replenishment.

Community-driven initiatives and government programs play a vital role in promoting modern adaptations of rainwater harvesting. They provide technical expertise, financial assistance, and awareness campaigns to encourage widespread adoption. These modern adaptations enhance water conservation efforts, improve storage capacity, and contribute to sustainable water management practices in various regions.

Important Topics Discussed in the Chapter

• Rainwater harvesting