JSpecify Null Safety Example

Null references remain a major source of runtime errors in Java. Over the years, the ecosystem produced many competing annotation…

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Function pointer style in Java

In languages like C and C++, function pointers allow direct reference to a function, enabling callbacks, event handling, and flexible…

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Drools Chaining Approaches

Rule engines implement automated reasoning by applying rules to a set of facts. Two classical reasoning approaches are forward chaining…

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Different Log Levels for File and Console in Spring Boot

In Spring Boot applications, logging plays a critical role in monitoring and troubleshooting. By default, Spring Boot uses Logback as…

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Implement mTLS Calls in Java

Mutual TLS (mTLS) is an enhancement of TLS where both the server and the client present and validate X.509 certificates.…

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Comparison of Google Protobuf ByteString and Byte[]

Binary data is common in networked apps: images, protobuf payloads, encryption outputs, etc. When using Protocol Buffers in Java you…

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Spring Boot ServletContextListener Registration

In Java web applications, the ServletContextListener plays an important role in monitoring the lifecycle of the ServletContext. It allows developers…

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HibernateException: Illegal Collection Association Fix

In Hibernate, the exception IllegalAttemptToAssociateACollectionWithTwoOpenSessionsException occurs when a collection or entity is associated with two active Hibernate sessions simultaneously. This…

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Java Mail Inline Images in Emails Example

Sending rich emails with embedded images can significantly improve user engagement. The JavaMail API allows developers to send inline images…

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