| أفعال مركّبيّة |
| الإنجليزية | العربية |
| back down vi phrasal | (give in, yield) | يذعن، يرضخ، يتراجع |
| Despite the evidence, he refused to back down. |
batten [sth] down,
batten down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (batten: close securely) | يغلق شيئًا جيدًا، يسدّ شيئًا بإحكام |
batter [sth] down,
batter down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (hit until it collapses) | يضرب حتى الكسر |
| bear down vi phrasal | (labor: push baby out) | تدفع |
| The midwife told the woman to bear down during her contractions. |
| bear down vi phrasal | US (apply pressure, concentrate) | يركّز، يستخدم، يستغلّ |
| You have to know when to conserve your strength and when to bear down with every bit of energy you have. |
| bear down on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep | (push, press on) | يضغط على شيء/شخص |
| Bear down on the pen to make clear carbon copies. |
| bear down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep | figurative (weigh heavily upon) | يثقل على شخص |
| Emma felt the full weight of her financial worries bearing down on her. |
| bear down on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep | UK (rush towards) | ينقضّ على شيء/شخص، يندفع نحو شيء/شخص |
| The truck came bearing down on the brothers as they were crossing the street. |
| bear down on [sb] vtr phrasal insep | (approach threateningly) | يهجم على شخص |
| The man was bearing down on Jim along the path. |
| beat down vi phrasal | (sun: shine brightly and hot) (الشمس) | يضرب |
| The sun was beating down on our backs. |
| كانت الشمس تضرب على ظهورنا. |
| beat down vi phrasal | (rain: pour heavily) (المطر) | ينهمر بغزارة |
| The rain beat down so hard on the apple tree that in the morning half of the apples were on the ground. |
| beat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | informal, figurative (negotiate lower price from) | يساوم شخصًا لخفض السعر |
| Amy beat the seller down to £20 for the vase. |
| beat [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | informal, figurative (price: negotiate lower) | يخفض شيئًا، يُنزل شيئًا |
| We beat the price down to $45. |
| beat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | informal, figurative (demoralize) (مجازي) | يحطم، يسحق |
| يوهن عزيمة شخص |
| Doris admitted that life was beating her down. |
beat [sth] down,
beat down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (suppress) | يتغلب على شيء |
| Deborah beat down her fear of flying and got on the plane to visit her daughter in Australia. |
| bed down vi phrasal | (go to bed) | يذهب للنوم |
| I usually bed down at about eleven o'clock. |
| bed [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | (provide bed for) | يُؤوي شخصًا إلى الفراش |
| Emily fed, bathed, and bedded down the children. |
| belt down vi phrasal | (rain: fall heavily) (المطر) | ينهمر بغزارة |
| bend down vi phrasal | (lean over) | ينحني |
| The mother bent down to tie the child's shoe laces. |
bog [sth] down,
bog down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | usually passive, informal (vehicle: mire) | يعلق، يكون عالقًا، يكون منغرزًا |
| The jeep got bogged down in a huge mud puddle. |
| bog [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | figurative, usually passive, informal (person: hinder, burden) | يعرقل تقدّم شخص، يُبطئ شخصًا، يُثقل على شخص |
| Work is really bogging me down lately. |
boil [sth] down,
boil down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (liquid: reduce) | يكثّف شيئًا بالغلي، يركّز شيئًا بالغلي |
| The cook boiled the drippings down to a rich gravy. |
| كثّف الطباخ الدهن المتقطر بغليه ليعد منه مرقًا دسمًا. |
| boil down vi phrasal | (liquid: be reduced) | يتبخر بالغلي، ينقص بالغلي |
| Heat the water until it boils down to a volume of about 10ml. |
| سخن الماء حتى ينقص حجمه بالغلي ويبلغ 10 مل. |
| boil down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep | figurative, informal (be essentially) | يتلخص في شيء |
| What it all boils down to is a failure to plan. |
| المشكلة كلها تتلخص بأمر واحد: عدم التخطيط. |
boil [sth] down,
boil down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (information, argument: reduce) | يلخص شيئًا |
| If you boil down Machiavelli's philosophy, he is saying that the end justifies the means. |
| bolt [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | (fasten, secure [sth]) (ببرغيّ أو مسمار ملولب) | يثبت شيئًا |
| Bolt down that metal plate so that it doesn't vibrate. |
| bolt [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | slang, figurative (eat [sth] quickly) | يلتهم شيئًا بسرعة، يزدرد شيئًا |
| Jerry was late for class, so he bolted down his breakfast. |
| bow down vi phrasal | (bend, kneel in respect) | ينحني إجلالاً |
| يسجد |
| She was asked to bow down in front of a statue of their god. |
| bow down before [sb] vi phrasal + prep | literal (bow in deference to) | ينحني أمام شخص |
| (لشخص) | يسجد لشخص |
| It is customary to bow down before the Emperor of Japan. |
| bow down before [sb] vi phrasal + prep | figurative (show deference to) (مجازي) | ينحني أمامه |
| He is so arrogant that he thinks everyone should bow down before him. |
| break down vi phrasal | (machine: stop working) | يتعطل |
| ملاحظة: The single-word form is used when the term is a noun. |
| The car broke down on the way home. |
| break down vi phrasal | figurative (person: cry) | يبكي |
| Stella broke down when the police told her about her husband's accident. |
| break down vi phrasal | figurative (collapse, become weak) | ينهار |
| The union called a strike after talks broke down over retirement benefits. |
break [sth] down,
break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (door, wall: knock down) (بابًا) | يخلع |
| (جدارًا) | يهدّ |
| The police broke down the door when they raided the house. |
break [sth] down,
break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (substance: disintegrate) | يفكّك |
| Stomach acid breaks down food during digestion. |
break [sth] down,
break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (analyze) | يقسّم |
| We can break down the process into a number of separate stages. |
| bring [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep | figurative, informal (cause demise) | يطيح بشخص/بشيء، يسقط شخصًا/شيئًا |
| The scandal brought down the government. |
| bring [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | US, figurative, slang (make sad) | يحبط شخصًا، يسبب لشخص الكآبة |
| If you keep criticizing Michael, you'll just bring him down. |
bucket down,
bucket vi phrasal | informal, figurative (rain heavily) | يهطل المطر بغزارة |
| ملاحظة: Most commonly used in the continuous |
| Don't forget your umbrella - it's bucketing down out there. |
| buckle [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | informal (fasten: shoe, seatbelt) | يشدّ شيئًا، يربط شيئًا |
| Will you please buckle down the car seat so it doesn't move around? |
| buckle down vi phrasal | informal, figurative (set to work) | يشرع في العمل |
| (مجازي) | يشمّر عن ساعده |
| I've got to buckle down and finish planting the vegetable seeds. |
| buckle down vi phrasal | informal, figurative (work diligently) | ينكبّ على عمله |
| I have to buckle down and finish this term paper. |
| bunk down vi phrasal | informal (go to bed, sleep) | يخلد إلى النوم |
| call [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | US, informal (reprimand [sb], tell [sb] off) | يوبخ، يؤنب |
| calm down vi phrasal | (become calmer) | يهدأ |
| The street market is closed until the weather has calmed down. |
calm [sb] down,
calm down [sb] vtr phrasal sep | (make calmer) | يهدّئ شخصًا |
| She gave the baby a bottle to calm him down. |
cast off,
cast down vi phrasal | (country dancing) | يرقص خارج الخط |
| The dancers cast off and moved to the end of the line. |
| change down vi phrasal | (vehicle: shift to lower gear) | يقلل السرعة |
choke [sth] down,
choke down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (eat with difficulty) | يبلع شيئًا بصعوبة |
choke [sth] down,
choke down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (suppress: words, feelings) (مجازي) | يبلع شيئًا |
| يكاد يختنق بشيء |
| يكبت شيئًا، يحبس شيئًا |
| chomp down vi phrasal | (bite forcefully) | يقضم بقوة، يمضغ بقوة |
| chomp down on [sth] vi phrasal + prep | (bite [sth] forcefully) | يقضم شيئًا بقوة، يمضغ شيئًا بقوة |
| chop [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | (tree: fell, cut down) (شجرة) | يقطع شيئًا |
| Pioneers would chop down trees to build their homes. |
| clamp down vi phrasal | figurative (be strict, enforce rules) | يتشدّد، يشدّد الإجراءات |
| ملاحظة: Single-word form is used when the term is a noun |
| There is a big problem with dangerous driving on this stretch of road, but the police are clamping down. |
| clamp down on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep | figurative (be strict, enforce rules) | يطبق على شيء/شخص، يضيّق الخناق على شيء/شخص |
| The city is clamping down on gang violence. |
| climb down vi phrasal | UK, figurative (accept defeat) | يذعن، يتراجع |
| There was a public outcry at the proposals and the government was forced to climb down. |
