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🌍 Carbon Intensity API v2.0

Real-time and historical electricity carbon intensity (gCO₂eq/kWh), wholesale prices, load, and cross-border flows for 73 countries and grid regions worldwide.

🔓 Zero API keys. Zero registration. Zero tokens. All data sources are public.

🆕 v2.0 — Expanded coverage (45 → 73 regions)

🇬🇧 English

What this delivers

For each hour and region, all the fields below — calculated, normalized, cross-source:

Four calculation methods available (method field):

• production_lifecycle (default) — IPCC AR6 lifecycle factors, domestic generation only
• production_operational — combustion-only factors
• consumption_lifecycle — flow-traced through cross-border imports, lifecycle factors
• consumption_operational — flow-traced, operational factors

Coverage detail

Europe — 35 countries (Fraunhofer Energy-Charts, validated working):

• EU-26: AT, BE, BG, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GR, HR, HU, IE, IT, LT, LU, LV, NL, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK
• Non-EU: CH, NO
• Western Balkans: BA, MK, RS, XK
• Eastern Europe & Caucasus: MD, GE
• UK: GB (via NESO, more granular)

United States — 34 balancing authorities (EIA-930 bulk CSV):

• Major ISOs/RTOs: US-CISO, US-ERCO, US-MISO, US-PJM, US-NYIS, US-ISNE, US-SWPP
• Federal admins: US-BPAT, US-TVA
• Southeast: US-SOCO, US-FPL, US-FPC, US-DUK, US-CPLE, US-SC, US-SCEG, US-AECI
• West: US-PACE, US-PACW, US-PSEI, US-IPCO, US-AZPS, US-NEVP, US-AVA, US-LDWP, US-PSCO, US-PNM, US-WACM, US-WAUW
• Other: US-NW, US-SE, US-TEC, US-JEA, US-TAL

United Kingdom (NESO): GB

Brazil (ONS): BR-SE (Sudeste/CO), BR-S (Sul), BR-NE (Nordeste), BR-N (Norte)

Input

{
"mode":"latest",
"hours":48,
"method":"production_lifecycle",
"countries":["DE","FR","GB","US-CISO","BR-SE"]
}

Modes:

• latest — last N hours (default 48h)
• today — current UTC day so far
• yesterday — full previous UTC day
• full_refresh — entire history since 2015 (long run)

Optional skip flags: skip_europe, skip_us, skip_uk, skip_brazil

Output (one record per region × hour × method)

{
"country_code":"DE",
"country_name":"Germany",
"region":"europe",
"source":"fraunhofer",
"timestamp_utc":"2026-05-13T14:00:00+00:00",
"method":"production_lifecycle",
"carbon_intensity_gco2_kwh":312.4,
"renewable_pct":47.2,
"fossil_free_pct":52.8,
"total_generation_mwh":58420.5,
"generation_mix_mw":{
"wind":16850.2,"solar":7106.4,"nuclear":3268.5,
"gas":13088.4,"coal":8358.2,"hydro":3855.7,
"biomass":2400.0,"oil":290.1
},
"load_mw":60140.0,
"net_load_mw":29928.5,
"day_ahead_price":86.43,
"day_ahead_price_currency":"EUR",
"day_ahead_price_zone":"DE-LU",
"cross_border_flows_mw":[
{"counterparty":"FR","flow_mw":5200.0,"direction":"import"},
{"counterparty":"PL","flow_mw":1100.0,"direction":"import"},
{"counterparty":"AT","flow_mw":800.0,"direction":"export"}
]
}

Methodology

Production-based:

CI_production =Σ(generation_i × emission_factor_i)/Σ(generation_i)

Consumption-based (flow-traced): For interconnected grids, what matters is what you consume, not what you produce. Solved per hour via linear system:

(G_i + IM_i) · x_i = own_emissions_i +Σⱼ(flow_jᵢ × x_j)

Solved with numpy.linalg.solve. Method follows ECON-PowerCI (Nature 2025).

Emission factors (IPCC AR6 WG3, Annex III median values):

Use cases

• ESG / Scope 2 carbon accounting — accurate hourly CI for corporate reporting
• Climate tech & green software — schedule loads when grid is cleanest
• AI infrastructure planning — pick datacenter regions by real-time grid quality
• Energy trading — backtesting and signal generation
• Academic research — replicable, IPCC-aligned dataset

🇧🇷 Português

O que é

API de intensidade de carbono elétrica (gCO₂eq/kWh) em tempo real e histórica + preços wholesale + carga + fluxos transfronteiriços para 73 países e regiões globais.

🔓 ZERO chaves de API. Fontes 100% públicas: Fraunhofer (Europa), EIA-930 (EUA), NESO (UK), ONS (Brasil).

v2.0 — Cobertura expandida

Europa:30 → 35países(+Cyprus, Bosnia, Kosovo, Moldova, Georgia)
EUA:10 → 34BAs(+todo o oeste, sudeste, federais)
Reino Unido:GB(mantido)
Brasil:4 submercados SIN(mantido)
─────────────────────────────────────────────
TOTAL:45 → 73regiões(+62% cobertura)

Atribuição

Dados:

• Fraunhofer Energy-Charts (Europa) — CC BY 4.0
• EIA Hourly Electric Grid Monitor (EUA) — domínio público
• NESO Carbon Intensity API (UK) — CC BY 4.0
• ONS Dados Abertos (Brasil) — CC BY

Metodologia: IPCC AR6 (WG3, Annex III) + ECON-PowerCI (Nature Scientific Data 2025).

🛠️ Local development

pip install-r requirements.txt
python carga_inicial.py --mode latest --hours24

🔄 Schedule

Apify scheduler can run this actor every hour. Output is idempotent by (country, timestamp, method).

Built by Jenko Systems.