Assamese grammar (Assamese: অসমীয়া ব্যাকৰণ Oxömia byakoron) is the study of the morphology and syntax of Assamese, an Indo-European language spoken in Northeast India, primarily in the state of Assam. It has long served as a lingua franca in parts of Northeast India.^[1][2] Although Assamese is typically written in the Assamese script, a romanization is also used here to suggest the pronunciation. Since there are many varieties of Assamese, the standard variety is used here.

The Assamese language has the following characteristic morphological features:^[3]

• Gender and number are not grammatically marked.
• There is a lexical distinction of gender in the third person pronoun.
• Transitive verbs are distinguished from intransitive.
• The agentive case is overtly marked as distinct from the accusative.
• Kinship nouns are inflected for personal pronominal possession.
• Adverbs can be derived from the verb roots.
• A passive construction may be employed idiomatically.

Sources:^[4][5]

Assamese personal pronouns are somewhat similar to English pronouns, having different words for first, second, and third person, and also for singular and plural (unlike for verbs, below). However, Assamese has two different third-person pronouns for proximity. The first, called proximal, are used for someone who is present in the discussion, and the second, called distal, are for those who are nearby or at a distance but not present in the discussion. Gendered pronouns are present only in third person non-honorific. Additionally, each of the second- and third-person pronouns have different forms for the familiar and polite forms; the second person also has a "very familiar" form (sometimes called "despective"). It may be noted that the "very familiar" form is used when addressing particularly close friends or family as well as for addressing subordinates, or in abusive language.

In the following tables, the abbreviations used are as follows:

m. = masculine,

f. = feminine,

ng. = no specific gender,

— = same as the absolutive forms

The absolutive and ergative/nominative cases are used for pronouns that are the subject of the sentence, such as "I already did that" or "Will you go there?". The ergative/nominative case is used when the verb in a sentence is transitive. If intransitive then the absolutive forms are used. The oblique forms are used when other case suffixes are added, similar to English hi- in hi-, hi-s. See Nouns for details on cases.

Personal pronouns

					absolutive	ergative[a]	oblique	objective	genitive "of"	instrumental "by"	dative "for"	locative "in"
1st person	singular				মই (moi, I)	—	মো- (mü-)	মোক (mük) [A]	মোৰ (mür) [B]	মোৰে (müre) [C]	মোলৈ (müloi) [D]	মোত (müt) [E]
	plural				আমি (ami, we)	—	আমা- (ama-)	আমাক (amak)	আমাৰ (amar)	আমাৰে (amare)	আমালৈ (amaloi)	আমাত (amat)
2nd person	sg.	inferior			তই (toi, you)	—	তো- (tü-)	তোক (tük)	তোৰ (tür)	তোৰে (türe)	তোলৈ (tüloi)	তোত (tüt)
		very familiar
		familiar			তুমি (tumi, you)	—	তোমা- (tüma-)	তোমাক- (tümak)	তোমাৰ (tümar)	তোমাৰে (tümare)	তোমালৈ (tümaloi)	তোমাত (tümat)
		honorific			আপুনি (apuni, you)	—	আপোনা- (apüna-)	আপোনাক (apünak)	আপোনাৰ (apünar)	আপোনাৰে (apünare)	আপোনালৈ (apünaloi)	আপোনাত (apünat)
	pl.[b]	inferior			তহঁত (tohõt, you)	তহঁতে (tohõte)	—	তহঁতক (tohõtok)	তহঁতৰ (tohõtor)	তহঁতৰে (tohõtore)	তহঁতলৈ (tohõtoloi)	তহঁতত (tohõtot)
		very familiar
		familiar			তোমালোক (tümalük, you)	তোমালোকে (tümalüke)	—	তোমালোকক (tümalükok)	তোমালোকৰ (tümalükor)	তোমালোকৰে (tümalükore)	তোমালোকলৈ (tümalükoloi)	তোমালোকত (tümalükot)
		honorific			আপোনালোক (apünalük, you)	আপোনালোকে (apünalüke)	—	আপোনালোকক (apünalükok)	আপোনালোকৰ (apünalükor)	আপোনালোকৰে (apünalükore)	আপোনালোকলৈ (apünalükoloi)	আপোনালোকত (apünalükot)
3rd person	sg.	non hon.	prox.	m.	ই (i, he)	—	ইয়া- (ia-)	ইয়াক (iak)	ইয়াৰ (iar)	ইয়াৰে (iare)	ইয়ালৈ (ialoi)	ইয়াত (iat)
				f.	এই (ëi, she)	—	—	এইক (ëik)	এইৰ (ëir)	এইৰে (ëire)	এইলৈ (ëiloei)	এইত (ëit)
			dist.	m.	সি (xi, he)	—	তা- (ta-)	তাক (tak)	তাৰ (tar)	তাৰে (tare)	তালৈ (taloi)	তাত (tat)
				f.	তাই (tai, she)	—	—	তাইক (taik)	তাইৰ (tair)	তাইৰে (taire)	তাইলৈ (tailotai)	তাইত (tait)
		honr.	proximal		এওঁ (eü̃) /এখেত (ekhet) (he/she)	— /এখেতে (ekhete)	—	এওঁক (eü̃k) /এখেতক (ekhetok)	এওঁৰ (eü̃r) /এখেতৰ (ekhetor)	এওঁৰে (eü̃re) /এখেতেৰে (ekhetere)	এওঁলৈ (eü̃loi) /এখেতলৈ (ekhetoloi)	এওঁত (eü̃t) /এখেতত (ekhetot)
			distal		তেওঁ (teü̃) /তেখেত (tekhet) (he/she)	— /তেখেতে (tekhete)	—	তেওঁক (teü̃k) /তেখেতক (tekhetok)	তেওঁৰ (teü̃r) /তেখেতৰ (tekhetor)	তেওঁৰে (teü̃re) /তেখেতেৰে (tekhetere)	তেওঁলৈ (teü̃loi) /তেখেতলৈ (tekhetoloi)	তেওঁত (teü̃t) /তেখেতত (tekhetot)
	pl.	non hon.	proximal	ng.	ইহঁত (ihõt, they)	ইহঁতে (ihõte)	—	ইহঁতক (ihõtok)	ইহঁতৰ (ihõtor)	ইহঁতেৰে (ihõtere)	ইহঁতলৈ (ihõtoloi)	ইহঁতত (ihõtot)
				f.	এইহঁত (ëihõt, they)	এইহঁতে (ëihõte)	—	এইহঁতক (ëihõtok)	এইহঁতৰ (ëihõtor)	এইহঁতৰে (ëihõtore)	এইহঁতলৈ (ëihõtoloi)	এইহঁতত (ëihõtot)
			distal	ng.	সিহঁত (xihõt) /তাহঁত (tahõt) (they)	সিহঁতে (xihõte) /তাহঁত (tahõte)	—	সিহঁতক (xihõtok) /তাহঁত (tahõtok)	সিহঁতৰ (xihõtor) /তাহঁত (tahõtor)	সিহঁতেৰে (xihõtere) /তাহঁতেৰে (tahõtere)	সিহঁতলৈ (xihõtoloi) /তাহঁতলৈ (tahõtoloi)	সিহঁতত (xihõtot) /তাহঁতত (tahõtot)
				f.	তাইহঁত (taihõt, they)	তাইহঁতে (taihõte)	—	তাইহঁতক (taihõtok)	তাইহঁতৰ (taihõtor)	তাইহঁতৰে (taihõtore)	তাইহঁতলৈ (taihõtoloi)	তাইহঁতত (taihõtot)
		honr.	proximal		এওঁলোক (eü̃lük) /এখেতসকল (ekhetxokol) (they)	এওঁলোকে (eü̃lüke) /এখেতসকলে (ekhetxokole)	—	এওঁলোকক (eü̃lükok) /এখেতসকলক (ekhetxokolok)	এওঁলোকৰ (eü̃lükor) /এখেতসকলৰ (ekhetxokolor)	এওঁলোকৰে (eü̃lükore) /এখেতসকলেৰে (ekhetxokolere)	এওঁলোকলৈ (eü̃lükoloi) /এখেতসকললৈ (ekhetxokololoi)	এওঁলোকত (eü̃lükot) /এখেতসকলত (ekhetxokolot)
			distal		তেওঁলোক (teü̃lük) /তেখেতসকল (tekhetxokol) (they)	তেওঁলোকে (teü̃lüke) /তেখেতসকলে (tekhetxokole)	—	তেওঁলোকক (teü̃lükok) /তেখেতসকলক (tekhetxokolok)	তেওঁলোকৰ (teü̃lükor) /তেখেতসকলৰ (tekhetxokolor)	তেওঁলোকৰে (teü̃lükore) /তেখেতসকলেৰে (tekhetxokolere)	তেওঁলোকলৈ (teü̃lükoloi) /তেখেতসকললৈ (tekhetxokololoi)	তেওঁলোকত (teü̃lükot) /তেখেতসকলত (tekhetxokolot)

Notes:

Source:^[6]

The demonstrative pronouns share most of the characteristics with personal pronouns. They are different from the personal sub-class with regard to the feature of demonstration. The personal demonstratives are already given in the previous table (see 3rd person). Therefore only the common demonstratives are given here. Apart from the 2 types of pronounce for proximity found in 3rd person pronouns, the common demonstrative pronouns have a 3rd one, far distal.

× = no forms

— = same as absolutive

Common demonstrative pronouns

relative distance from the speaker →
proximal	distal	far distal
ëia (this/these)	xëia (that/those)	xöua (that/those)
ëi- (this/these)	xëi- (that/those)	xöu- (that/those)
i (this/these)	xi (that/those)	xöu (that/those)

The common demonstratives ëia, xëia and xöua are absolute words. They are invariable and bear no formal distinction of number, gender and status. Their use is restricted to the subject and complement functions only. The rest of the common demonstratives are found forms. They can be used only after they are inflected for the determinative affixes (or words) that function as their classifier.

Assamese has a large collection of classifiers, which are used extensively for different kinds of objects, acquired from the Sino-Tibetan languages.^[7] A few examples of the most extensive and elaborate use of classifiers are given below:

• "zɔn" is used to signify a person, male with some amount of respect
  • E.g., manuh-zɔn – "the man"
• "zɔni" (female) is used after a noun or pronoun to indicate human beings
  • E.g., manuh-zɔni – "the woman"
• "zɔni" is also used to express the non-human feminine
  • E.g., sɔɹai zɔni – "the bird", pɔɹuwa-zɔni – "the ant"
• "zɔna" and "gɔɹaki" are used to express high respect for both man and woman
  • E.g., kɔbi-zɔna – "the poet", gʊxaɪ-zɔna – "the goddess", rastrapati-gɔɹaki – "the president", tiɹʊta-gɔɹaki – "the woman"
• "tʊ" has three forms: tʊ, ta, ti
  • (a) tʊ: is used to specify something, although the case of someone, e.g., loɹa-tʊ – "the particular boy", is impolite
  • (b) ta: is used only after numerals, e.g., ɛta, duta, tinita – "one, two, three"
  • (c) ti: is the diminutive form, e.g., kesua-ti – "the infant, besides expressing more affection or attachment to
• "kɔsa", "mɔtʰa" and "taɹ" are used for things in bunches
  • E.g., sabi-kɔsa – "the bunch of key", saul-mɔtʰa – "a handful of rice", suli-taɹi or suli kɔsa – "the bunch of hair"
• dal, dali, are used after nouns to indicate something long but round and solid
  • E.g., bãʱ-dal – "the bamboo", katʰ-dal – "the piece of wood", bãʱ-dali – "the piece of bamboo"

Assamese Classifiers

Classifier	Referent	Examples
/zɔn/	males (adult)	manuh-zɔn (the man – honorific)
/zɔni/	females (women as well as animals)	manuh-zɔni (the woman), sɔrai-zɔni (the bird)
/zɔna/	honorific	kobi-zɔna (the poet), gʊxai-zɔna (the god/goddess)
/ɡɔɹaki/	males and females (honorific)	manuh-ɡɔɹaki (the woman), rastrɔpɔti-gɔɹaki (the president)
/tʊ/	inanimate objects or males of animals and men (impolite)	manuh-tʊ (the man – diminutive), gɔɹu-tʊ (the cow)
/ti/	inanimate objects or infants	kesua-ti (the baby)
/ta/	for counting numerals	e-ta (count one), du-ta (count two)
/kʰɔn/	flat square or rectangular objects, big or small, long or short
/kʰɔni/	terrain like rivers and mountains
/tʰupi/	small objects
/zak/	group of people, cattle; also for rain; cyclone
/sati/	breeze
/pat/	objects that are thin, flat, wide or narrow.
/paɦi/	flowers
/sɔta/	objects that are solid
/kɔsa/	mass nouns
/mɔtʰa/	bundles of objects
/mutʰi/	smaller bundles of objects
/taɹ/	broomlike objects
/ɡɔs/	wick-like objects
/ɡɔsi/	with earthen lamp or old style kerosene lamp used in Assam
/zʊpa/	objects like trees and shrubs
/kʰila/	paper and leaf-like objects
/kʰini/	uncountable mass nouns and pronouns
/dal/	inanimate flexible/stiff or oblong objects; humans (pejorative)

In Assamese, classifiers are generally used in the numeral + classifier + noun (e.g. /ezɔnmanuh/ ejon manuh 'one man') or the noun + numeral + classifier (e.g. /manuhezɔn/ manuh ejon 'one man') forms.

Most verbs can be converted into nouns by the addition of the suffix /ɔn/. For example, /kʰa/ ('to eat') can be converted to /kʰaɔn/ khaon ('good eating').^[8]

Assamese has 8 grammatical cases:

Cases	Suffix	Example
Absolutive	none	বাৰীত barit garden-LOC গৰু góru- cattle-ABS সোমাল। xwmal. entered বাৰীত গৰু সোমাল। barit góru- xwmal. garden-LOC cattle-ABS entered Cattles entered into the garden.
Ergative	-এ, -e, -ই -i -এ, -ই -e, -i	গৰুৱে góru-e cattle-ERG ঘাঁহ ghãh grass-ACC খায়। kha-e. eat-3.HAB.PRES গৰুৱে ঘাঁহ খায়। góru-e ghãh kha-e. cattle-ERG grass-ACC eat-3.HAB.PRES Cattles eat grass. Note: The personal pronouns without a plural or other suffix are not marked.
Accusative	-(অ)ক, -(o)k, − − -(অ)ক, − -(o)k, −	শিয়ালটোৱে xial-tw-e jackal-the-ERG শহাটোক xoha-tw-k hare-the-ACC খেদি khedi chasing আছে। ase. exist-3.PRES.CONT শিয়ালটোৱে শহাটোক খেদি আছে। xial-tw-e xoha-tw-k khedi ase. jackal-the-ERG hare-the-ACC chasing exist-3.PRES.CONT The jackal is chasing the hare. তেওঁলোকে tewlwk-e they চোৰটো sür-tw- thief-the-ACC পুলিচক pulis-ok police-ACC গতালে। gotale. handover-REC-3 তেওঁলোকে চোৰটো পুলিচক গতালে। tewlwk-e sür-tw- pulis-ok gotale. they thief-the-ACC police-ACC handover-REC-3 They handed over the thief to the police.
Genitive	-(অ)ৰ -(o)r -(অ)ৰ -(o)r	তাইৰ tai-r she-GEN ঘৰ ghor house তাইৰ ঘৰ tai-r ghor she-GEN house Her house
Dative	-(অ)লৈ -(o)lói [dialectal: [dialectal: -(অ)লে]; -(o)le]; -(অ)ক -(o)k -(অ)লৈ [dialectal: -(অ)লে]; -(অ)ক -(o)lói [dialectal: -(o)le]; -(o)k	সি xi he পঢ়াশালিলৈ porhaxali-lói school-DAT গৈ gói going আছে। ase. exist-3.PRES.CONT সি পঢ়াশালিলৈ গৈ আছে। xi porhaxali-lói gói ase. he school-DAT going exist-3.PRES.CONT He is going to (the) school. বাক ba-k elder sister-DAT চাবিটো sabi-tw- key-the-ACC দিয়া। dia. give-FAM.IMP বাক চাবিটো দিয়া। ba-k sabi-tw- dia. {elder sister}-DAT key-the-ACC give-FAM.IMP Give elder sister the key.
Terminative	-(অ)লৈকে -(o)lóike [dialectal: [dialectal: -(অ)লেকে] -(o)leke] -(অ)লৈকে [dialectal: -(অ)লেকে] -(o)lóike [dialectal: -(o)leke]	মই moi I নহালৈকে n-oha-lóike not-coming-TERM কʼতো kót-w where-even নেযাবা। ne-ja-b-a. not-go-future-3 মই নহালৈকে কʼতো নেযাবা। moi n-oha-lóike kót-w ne-ja-b-a. I not-coming-TERM where-even not-go-future-3 Don't go anywhere until I don't come. ১ৰ 1-or one-GEN পৰা pora from ৭লৈকে 7-olóike seven-TERM ১ৰ পৰা ৭লৈকে 1-or pora 7-olóike one-GEN from seven-TERM From 1 up to 7
Instrumental	-(এ)ৰে -(e)re [dialectal: [dialectical: -(এ)দি] -(e)di] -(এ)ৰে [dialectal: -(এ)দি] -(e)re [dialectical: -(e)di]	কলমেৰে kolom-ere pen-INS লিখিছিলা। likhisila. write-2.DP কলমেৰে লিখিছিলা। kolom-ere likhisila. pen-INS write-2.DP You wrote with (a) pen.
Locative	-(অ)ত -(o)t [sometimes: [sometimes: -এ] -e] -(অ)ত [sometimes: -এ] -(o)t [sometimes: -e]	সি xi he বহীখনত bóhi-khon-ot notebook-the-LOC লিখিছে। likhise. write-PRES.PERF.3 সি বহীখনত লিখিছে। xi bóhi-khon-ot likhise. he notebook-the-LOC write-PRES.PERF.3 He has written on the notebook. আইতা aita grandmother মঙলবাৰে moŋolbar-e Tuesday-LOC আহিছিল। ahisil. come-DP-3 আইতা মঙলবাৰে আহিছিল। aita moŋolbar-e ahisil. grandmother Tuesday-LOC come-DP-3 Grandmother came on Tuesday.

Verbs in Assamese are negated by adding /n/ before the verb, with /n/ picking up the initial vowel of the verb. For example:^[9]

• /nalaɡɛ/ 'do(es) not want' (1st, 2nd and 3rd persons)
• /nilikʰʊ̃/ 'will not write' (1st person)
• /nukutʊ̃/ 'will not nibble' (1st person)
• /nɛlɛkʰɛ/ 'does not count' (3rd person)
• /nɔkɔɹɔ/ 'do not do' (2nd person)

With consonant ending verb likh (write) and vowel ending verb kha (eat, drink, consume).

Stem	Likh (write)	Kha (eat, drink, consume)
Gerund	Likha	khüa
Causative	Likha	khüa
Conjugative	Likhi	Khai & Kha
Infinitive	Likhibo	Khabo
Goal	Likhibólói	Khabólói
Terminative	Likhibólóike	Khabólóike
Agentive	Likhü̃ta np/Likhwra mi/Likhwri fi	Khawta np/Khawra mi/Khawri fi
Converb	Likhü̃te	Khaü̃te
Progressive	Likhü̃te likhü̃te	Khaü̃te khaü̃te
Reason	Likhat	Khüat
	Likhilot	Khalot
Conditional	Likhile	Khale
Perfective	Likhi	Khai
Habitual	Likhi likhi	Khai khai

For different types of verbs.

Tense	Person	tho "put"		kha "consume"		pi "drink"		de "give"		dhu "wash"		kor "do"		randh "cook"		ah "come"
		+	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	-
Simple Present	1stper.	thoü	nothoü	khaü	nakhaü ~ nekhaü	piü	nipiü	diü	nidiü	dhüü	nüdhüü	korü	nokorü	randhü	narandhü ~ nerandhü	ahü	nahü
	2ndper.inf.	thoo	nothoo	khao	nakhao ~ nekhao	pio	nipio	dio	nidio	dhüo	nüdhüo	koro	nokoro	randho	narandho ~ nerandho	aho	naho
	2ndper.pol.	thüa	nüthüa	khüa	nükhüa	pia	nipia	dia	nidia	dhüa	nüdhüa	kora	nokora	randha	narandha ~ nerandha	aha	naha
	2ndper.hon.&3rdper.	thoe	nothoe	khae	nakhae ~ nekhae	pie	nipie	die	nidie	dhüe	nüdhüe	kore	nokore	randhe	narandhe ~ nerandhe	ahe	nahe
Present continuous	1st per.	thói asw	thoi thoka nai	khai asw	khai thoka nai	pi asu	pi thoka nai	di asw	di thoka nai	dhui asw	dhui thoka nai	kori asw	kóri thoka nai	randhi asw	randhi thoka nai	ahi asw	ahi thoka nai
	2ndper.inf.	thoi aso		khai aso		pi aso		di aso		dhui aso		kori aso		randhi aso		ahi aso
	2ndper.pol.	thoi asa		khai asa		pi asa		di asa		dhui asa		kori asa		randhi asa		ahi asa
	2ndper.hon.&3rdper.	thoi ase		khai ase		pi ase		di ase		dhui ase		kori ase		randhi ase		ahi ase
Present Perfect	1st per.	thoisw	thwa nai	khaisw	khwa nai	pisw	pia nai	disw	dia nai	dhui asw	dhwa nai	korisw	kora nai	randhisw	rondha nai	ahi asw	oha nai
	2ndper.inf.	thóisó		khaisó		pisó		disó		dhuisó		kórisó		randhisó		ahisó
	2nd per. pol.	thoisa		khaisa		pisa		disa		dhuisa		korisa		randhisa		ahisa
	2nd per. hon. & 3rd per.	thoise		khaise		pise		dise		dhuise		korise		randhise		ahise
Recent Past	1st per.	thölw	nothölw	khalw	nakhalw ~ nekhalw	pilw	nipilw	dilw	nidilw	dhulw	nudhulw	korilw	nokórilw	randhilw	narandhilw ~ nerandhilw	ahilw	nahilw
	2nd per. inf.	thöli	nothöli	khali	nakhali ~ nekhali	pili	nipili	dili	nidili	dhuli	nudhuli	kórili	nókórili	randhili	narandhili ~ nerandhili	ahilw	nahilw
	2nd per. pol.	thöla	nothöla	khala	nakhala ~ nekhala	pila	nipila	dila	nidila	dhula	nudhula	kórila	nókórila	randhila	narandhila ~ nerandhila	ahila	nahila
	2ndper.hon.&3rdper.	thöle	nothöle	khale	nakhale ~ nekhale	pile	nipile	dile	nidile	dhule	nudhule	kórile	nókórile	randhile	narandhile ~ nerandhile	ahile / ahiltr	nahile / nahiltr
Distant Past	1st per.	thoisilw	nothoisilw ~ thwa nasilw	khaisilw	nakhaisilw ~ nekhaisilw ~ khwa nasilw	pisilw	nipisilw ~ pia nasilw	disilw	nidisilw ~ dia nasilw	dhuisilw	nudhuisilw ~ dhüa nasilw	kórisilw	nókórisilw ~ kora nasilw	randhisilw	narandhisilw ~ nerandhisilw ~ rondha nasilw	ahisilw	nahisilw ~ oha nasilw
	2nd per. inf.	thoisili	nothóisili ~ thwa nasili	khaisili	nakhaisili ~ nekhaisili ~ khwa nasili	pisili	nipisili ~ pia nasili	disili	nidisili ~ dia nasili	dhuisili	nudhuisili ~ dhwa nasili	korisili	nokorisili ~ kora nasili	randhisili	narandhisili ~ nerandhisili ~ rondha nasili	ahisili	nahisili ~ oha nasili
	2nd per. pol.	thoisila	nothóisila ~ thwa nasila	khaisila	nakhaisila ~ nekhaisila ~ khüa nasila	pisila	nipisila ~ pia nasila	disila	nidisila ~ dia nasila	dhuisila	nudhuisila ~ dhwa nasila	korisila	nokorisila ~ kora nasila	randhisila	narandhisila ~ nerandhisila ~ rondha nasila	ahisila	nahisila ~ oha nasila
	2nd per. hon. & 3rd per.	thoisile	nothoisile ~ thwa nasile	khaisile	nakhaisile ~ nekhaisile ~ khwa nasile	pisile	nipisile ~ pia nasile	disile	nidisile ~ dia nasile	dhuisile	nudhuisile ~ dhüa nasile	korisile	nokorisile ~ kora nasile	randhisile	narandhisile ~ nerandhisile ~ rondha nasile	ahisile	nahisile ~ oha nasile
Past continuous	1st per.	thoi asilw	thoi thoka nasilw	khai asilw	khai thoka nasilw	pi asilw	pi thoka nasilw	di asilw	di thoka nasilw	dhui asils	dhui thoka nasils	kori asils	kori thoka nasils	randhi asils	randhi thoka nasils	ahi asils	ahi thoka nasils
	2nd per. inf.	thoi asili	thoi thoka nasili	khai asili	khai thoka nasili	pi asili	pi thoka nasili	di asili	di thoka nasili	dhui asili	dhui thoka nasili	kori asili	kori thoka nasili	randhi asili	randhi thoka nasili	ahi asili	ahi thoka nasili
	2nd per. pol.	thoi asila	thoi thoka nasila	khai asila	khai thoka nasila	pi asila	pi thoka nasila	di asila	di thoka nasila	dhui asila	dhui thoka nasila	kori asila	kori thoka nasila	randhi asila	randhi thoka nasila	ahi asila	ahi thoka nasila
	2nd per. hon. & 3rd per.	thoi asil(e)	thoi thoka nasil(e)	khai asil(e)	khai thoka nasil(e)	pi asil(e)	pi thoka nasil(e)	di asil(e)	di thoka nasil(e)	dhui asil(e)	dhui thoka nasil(e)	kori asil(e)	kori thoka nasil(e)	randhi asil(e)	randhi thoka nasil(e)	ahi asil{e)	ahi thoka nasil(e)
Simple Future	1st per.	thöm	nothöm	kham	nakham ~ nekham	pim	nipim	dim	nidim	dhum	nudhum	korim	nokorim	randhim	narandhim ~ nerandhim	ahim	nahim
	2nd per. inf.	thöbi	nothöbi	khabi	nakhabi ~ nekhabi	pibi	nipibi	dibi	nidibi	dhubi	nudhubi	koribi	nokoribi	randhibi	narandhibi ~ nerandhibi	ahibi	nahibi
	2nd per. pol.	thöba	nothöba	khaba	nakhaba ~ nekhaba	piba	nipiba	diba	nidiba	dhuba	nudhuba	koriba	nókóriba	randhiba	narandhiba ~ nerandhiba	ahiba	nahiba
	2ndper.hon.&3rdper.	thöbo	nothöbo	khabo	nakhabo ~ nekhabo	pibo	nipibo	dibo	nidibo	dhubo	nudhubo	koribo	nokoribo	randhibo	narandhibo ~ nerandhibo	ahibo	nahibo
Future continuous	1st per.	thoi thakim	thoi nathakim/nethakim	khai thakim	khai nathakim/nethakim	pi thakim	pi nathakim/nethakim	di thakim	di nathakim/nethakim	dhui thakim	dhui nathakim/nethakim	kori thakim	kori nathakim/nethakim	randhi thakim	randhi nathakim/nethakim	ahi thakim	ahi nathakim/nethakim
	2nd per. inf.	thoi thakibi	thoi nathakibi/nethakibi	khai thakibi	khai nathakibi/nethakibi	pi thakibi	pi nathakibi/nethakibi	di thakibi	di nathakibi/nethakibi	dhui thakibi	dhui nathakibi/nethakibi	kori thakibi	kori nathakibi/nethakibi	randhi thakibi	randhi nathakibi/nethakibi	ahi thakibi	ahi nathakibi/nethakibi
	2nd per. pol.	thoi thakiba	thoi nathakiba/nethakiba	khai thakiba	khai nathakiba/nethakiba	pi thakiba	pi nathakiba/nethakiba	di thakiba	di nathakiba/nethakiba	dhui thakiba	dhui nathakiba/nethakiba	kori thakiba	kori nathakiba/nethakiba	randhi thakiba	randhi nathakiba/nethakiba	ahi thakiba	ahi nathakiba/nethakiba
	2ndper.hon.&3rdper.	thoi thakibo	thoi nathakibo/nethakibo	khai thakibo	khai nathakibo/nethakibo	pi thakibo	pi nathakibo/nethakibo	di thakibo	di nathakibo/nethakibo	dhui thakibo	dhui nathakibo/nethakibo	kori thakibo	kori nathakibo/nethakibo	randhi thakibo	randhi nathakibo/nethakibo	ahi thakibo	ahi nathakibo/nethakibo

The negative forms are n + 1st vowel of the verb + the verb. Example: Moi porhw, Moi noporhw (I read, I do not read); Tumi khelila, Tumi nekhelila (You played, You didn't play). For verbs that start with a vowel, just the n- is added, without vowel lengthening. In some dialects if the 1st vowel is a in a verb that starts with consonant, ne is used, like, Moi nakhaw (I don't eat) is Moi nekhaü. In past continuous the negative form is -i thoka nasil-. In future continuous it's -i na(/e)thaki-. In present continuous and present perfect, just -i thoka nai and -a nai' respectively are used for all personal pronouns. Sometimes for plural pronouns, the -hok suffix is used, like korwhok (we do), ahilahok (you guys came).

• Meitei grammar

• Bhattacharjya, Manmee (2014). Case in Assamese (PhD). The English and foreign languages university. hdl:10603/210828.
• Goswami, G. C.; Tamuli, Jyotiprakash (2003). "Asamiya". In Cardona, George; Jain, Dhanesh (eds.). The Indo-Aryan languages. Routledge. pp. 391–443. ISBN 978-0-7007-1130-7.
• Kalita, Jagat Chandra (2003). Nouns and nominalisations in Assamese (PhD). Abhayapuri college. hdl:10603/66641.
• Kommaluri, Vijayanand; Subramanian, R.; Sagar K, Anand (2005). "Issues in Morphological Analysis of North-East Indian Languages". Language in India. 5.
• Moral, Dipankar (1997). "North-East India as a Linguistic Area" (PDF). Mon-Khmer Studies. 27: 43–53.

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