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⇱ Partial lysergamide - Wikipedia


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Class of chemical compounds
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The ergoline ring system numbered and labeled.
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The chemical structure of LSD, the most well-known lysergamide.

Partial or simplified ergolines and lysergamides are analogues of ergolines and lysergamides like the psychedelic drug LSD in which one or more atoms or bonds, for instance within the ergoline ring system, have been removed.[1][2][3][4] Additional substitutions may also be added, for instance on the A ring of the ergoline nucleus.[1][2][3] It is notable that the ergoline ring system contains embedded tryptamine and phenethylamine moieties within its structure, and so some partial ergolines are simple tryptamines, cyclized tryptamines, simple phenethylamines, and/or cyclized phenethylamines.

In terms of pharmacology, partial lysergamides include serotonin and dopamine receptor agonists. Some, like NDTDI (9-nor-LSD), DEMPDHPCA (dides-B,C-LSD), DEIMDHPCA (4-nor-LSD), and LPH-5 ((S)-2C-TFM-3PIP), are serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists and have psychedelic-like and/or psychoplastogenic effects. Some, like 8-OH-DPAT, LY-178210 (LY-228729; 4,Ξ±-methylene-5-carboxamido-DPT), Bay R 1531 (LY-197206; 4,Ξ±-methylene-5-MeO-DPT), and LY-293284 (4,Ξ±-methylene-5-acetyl-DPT), are selective serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonists. Others, like ropinirole, rotigotine, nolomirole, and RU-28251 (4,Ξ±-methylene-DPT), are dopamine D2-like receptor agonists. Though limitedly studied, partial ergolines have generally shown markedly reduced potency in terms of hallucinogen-like effects compared to LSD.[5]

Examples of partial lysergamides that are simple tryptamines include N-DEAOP-NMT (9,10-dinor-LSD) and 5-MeO-N-DEAOP-NMT and examples that are simple phenethylamines include N-DEAOP-NMPEA and 25D-NM-NDEAOP. An example of a cyclized tryptamine-like compound is DEIMDHPCA, while examples of cyclized phenethylamines include DEMPDHPCA, DEMPDHPCA-2C-D, and LPH-5. Some, like 8-OH-DPAT and rotigotine, are 2-aminotetralins. Others, like NDTDI and LY-178210, are tricyclic compounds that contain both tryptamine and phenethylamine components. Tochergamine is a simplified analogue of ergometrine that was studied as an oxytocic agent but was abandoned.

List of simplified or partial lysergamides

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Structure Name Chemical name CAS #
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Descarboxylysergic acid (DCLA; 9,10-didehydro-6-methylergoline) (6aR)-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline 51867-17-5
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NDTDI (9-desmethine-LSD; 9-nor-LSD; 8,10-seco-LSD) N,N-diethyl-3-(methyl(1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-4-yl)amino)propanamide ?
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RU-28251 (4,Ξ±-methylene-DPT)[6][7] N,N-dipropyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-4-amine ?
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Bay R 1531 (LY-197206; 4,Ξ±-methylene-5-MeO-DPT) 1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-6-methoxy-N,N-dipropyl-benz[cd]indol-4-amine 98770-54-8
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LY-293284 (4,Ξ±-methylene-5-acetyl-DPT) (4R)-6-acetyl-4-(di-n-propylamino)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenz[c,d]indole 141318-62-9
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LY-178210 (LY-228729; 4,Ξ±-methylene-5-carboxamido-DPT) 4-(dipropylamino)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indole-6-carboxamide 114943-19-0
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LY-301317 ((R)-4,Ξ±-methylene-5-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)-DPT) (4R)-6-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)-N,N-dipropyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-4-amine ?
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RU-28306 (4,Ξ±-methylene-DMT) N,N-dimethyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-4-amine 73625-11-3
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6-MeO-RU-28306 (4,Ξ±-methylene-5-MeO-DMT)[8][9] 6-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-4-amine ?
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RU-27849 (4,Ξ±-methylene-T) 1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-4-amine 77963-70-3
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FHATHBIN (4,Ξ±-methylene-5-HT; 6-HO-RU-27849) 6-hydroxy-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-4-amine ?
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6-MeO-RU-27849 (4,Ξ±-methylene-5-MT)[10][11][12] 6-methoxy-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-4-amine ?
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N-DEAOP-NMT (desvinyl-LSD; 9,10-dinor-LSD) N-(3-diethylamino-3-oxopropyl)-N-methyltryptamine
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N-DEAOP-NET (desvinyl-ETH-LAD; 9,10-dinor-ETH-LAD) N-(3-diethylamino-3-oxopropyl)-N-ethyl-5-tryptamine
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N-DEAOP-5-MeO-NMT N-(3-diethylamino-3-oxopropyl)-N-methyl-5-methoxytryptamine
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N-DEAOP-5-MeO-NET N-(3-diethylamino-3-oxopropyl)-N-ethyl-5-methoxytryptamine
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10,11-Seco-LSD[13] 9,10-didehydro-N,N-diethyl-6-methyl-10,11-secoergoline-8Ξ²-carboxamide 2640392-96-5
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CT-5252 methyl-12-bromo-8,9-didehydro-2,3Ξ²-dihydro-6-methyl-10,11-secoergoline-8-carboxylate
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10,11-Secoergoline (Ξ±,N-tetramethylene-T) 3-(piperidin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-indole 5275-05-8
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FAEFHI 4-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol
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4-API 4-(2-aminopropyl)indole 21005-59-4
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DMAI (4-DMAEI; BD-214) 4-(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)indole 84401-01-4
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DEAI (4-DEAEI; BD-271) 4-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)indole ?
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DPAI (4-DPAEI; 2-desoxo-2-ene-ropinirole; BD-179) 4-(N,N-dipropylaminoethyl)indole 76149-15-0
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Ropinirole (SK&F-101468) 4-[2-(dipropylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one 91374-21-9
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7-Hydroxyropinirole (SK&F-89124) 4-[2-(dipropylamino)ethyl]-7-hydroxy-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one 81654-62-8
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DEIMDHPCA (4-desmethylene-LSD; 4-nor-LSD; 3,5-seco-LSD) (3R)-N,N-diethyl-5-(1H-indol-4-yl)-1-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-3-carboxamide 2640392-28-3
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RU-27251 (3,5-secoergoline)[14] 4-piperidin-3-yl-1H-indole 16176-75-3
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WXVL_BT0793LQ2118[15][16] 6-fluoro-4-(1-methyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-3-yl)-1H-indole ?
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Diaza-2C-DFLY 8-(aminoethyl)-1,5-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-f]indole
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DEMPDHPCA (dides-B,C-LSD; 1-deaza-2,3,4-trinor-LSD)[17][13] N,N-diethyl-1-methyl-5-phenyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-3-carboxamide
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DEMPDHPCA-PMA[17] N,N-diethyl-1-methyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-5-carboxamide
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DEMPDHPCA-M (DEMPDHPCA-mescaline)[17] N,N-diethyl-1-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-5-carboxamide
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DEMPDHPCA-NAP[17] N,N-diethyl-1-methyl-3-(1-naphthyl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-5-carboxamide
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DEMPDHPCA-2C-D[2] 1-methyl-3-(1-oxo-1-diethylaminomethyl)-5-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine
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"Compound XXIII"[3][18][19] ? ?
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2C-B-3PIP 3-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)piperidine ?
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LPH-5 ((S)-2C-TFM-3PIP) (S)-3-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperidine 2641630-97-7
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"Compound 163" or "VIII"[17][20][21] N,N-diethyl-4-methyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydrobenzo(f)quinoline-2-carboxamide
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Debenzergoline (propyldebenzergoline) trans-(Β±)-2,3,4,4a,5,7,9,9a-octahydro-1-propyl-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-g]quinoline
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N-DEAOP-PEA (PEA-NDEPA) N-diethylaminocarbonylethylphenethylamine
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N-DEAOP-NMPEA (PEA-NM-NDEPA; 1-deaza-2,3,4,9-tetranor-LSD)[22] N-diethylaminocarbonylethyl-N-methylphenethylamine
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3,4-DMPEA-NDEPA N-diethylaminocarbonylethyl-3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine
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M-NDEPA (mescaline-NDEPA)[23] N-diethylaminocarbonylethyl-3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine ?
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DOM-NDEPA[24] N-diethylaminocarbonylethyl-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine ?
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DOB-NDEPA[25] N-diethylaminocarbonylethyl-2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine 260810-30-8
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DOI-NDEPA[25] N-diethylaminocarbonylethyl-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine 260810-31-9
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DOTFM-NDEPA[25] N-diethylaminocarbonylethyl-2,5-dimethoxy-4-trifluoromethylamphetamine 260810-29-5
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TMA-2-NDEPA[26] N-diethylaminocarbonylethyl-2,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine
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25D-NM-NDEAOP (25D-NM-NDEPA) N-methyl-N-(3-diethylamino-3-oxopropyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine
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2-Aminotetralin (2-AT) 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine 2954-50-9
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CHF-1024 5,6-dihydroxy-N-methyl-2-aminotetralin 39478-89-2
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Nolomirole (CHF-1035) 5,6-diisobutyryloxy-N-methyl-2-aminotetralin 90060-42-7
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5-OH-DPAT 5-hydroxy-N,N-dipropyl-2-aminotetralin 68593-96-4
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7-OH-DPAT 7-hydroxy-N,N-dipropyl-2-aminotetralin 74938-11-7
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8-OH-DPAT 8-hydroxy-N,N-dipropyl-2-aminotetralin 78950-78-4
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UH-301 (S)-5-fluoro-8-hydroxy-N,N-dipropyl-2-aminotetralin 127126-22-1
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UH-232 (1S,2R)-5-methoxy-1-methyl-N,N-propyl-2-aminotetralin 95999-12-5
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Rotigotine 6-[propyl(2-thiophen-2-ylethyl)amino]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol 99755-59-6
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THPC N,N-diethyl-1-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-5-carboxamide 26070-52-0
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Nikethamide N,N-diethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide 59-26-7

Structural comparisons

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Related compounds

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Structure Name Chemical name CAS #
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Chanoclavine (chanoclavine-I) [9(9a)E]-9-methyl-9,9a-didehydro-7,8-seco-9a-homoergolin-8-ol 2390-99-0
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Chanoclavine II (2E)-2-methyl-3-[(4R,5S)-4-(methylamino)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indol-5-yl]prop-2-en-1-ol 1466-08-6
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Paliclavine (9R)-6,8-dimethyl-7,8-didehydro-6,7-secoergolin-9-ol 52052-66-1
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DLX-0002700 (see DLX-2270)[27][28] 6-fluoro-N,5-dimethyl-1-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,12]dodeca-2,4(12),5,7-tetraen-10-amine ?
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Compound 21 [29][30] (10S)-3-bromo-N,N-dimethyl-1-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,12]dodeca-2,4,6,8(12)-tetraen-10-amine 3091662-68-6
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2C-B-5-hemiFLY-Ξ±6 (BNAP) 8-bromo-6-methoxy-2a,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-naphtho[1,8-bc]furan-4-amine ?
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DOB-5-hemiFLY (bromo-semi-fly; B-SF; 5-MeO-7-Br-4-APDB) 1-(7-bromo-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)propan-2-amine 178557-10-3
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2C-B-morpholine 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)morpholine 807631-07-8
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Naxagolide (4aR,10bR)-4-propyl-2,3,4a,5,6,10b-hexahydrobenzo[h][1,4]benzoxazin-9-ol 88058-88-2
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S32504 (4aR,10bR)-4-propyl-2,3,4a,5,6,10b-hexahydrobenzo[h][1,4]benzoxazine-9-carboxamide ?
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Pardoprunox 7-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one 269718-84-5
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Bifeprunox 7-[4-(biphenyl-3-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,3-benzoxazol-2(3H)-one 350992-10-8
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Quinpirole (4aR,8aR)-5-propyl-1,4,4a,6,7,8,8a,9-octahydropyrazolo[5,4-g]quinoline 80373-22-4
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Quinelorane (5aR,9aR)-6-propyl-5a,7,8,9,9a,10-hexahydro-5H-pyrido[2,3-g]quinazolin-2-amine 97466-90-5
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Quinagolide N,N-diethyl-N-[(3S,4aS,10aR)-6-hydroxy-1-propyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,10,10a-octahydrobenzo[g]quinolin-3-yl]sulfamide 87056-78-8
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25B-NAcPip N-(piperidin-1-ylcarbonylmethyl)-4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine
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25B-NBOMe N-(2-methoxybenzyl)-4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine 1026511-90-9
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"Compound 37"[31][2][32] N-(2-diethylamino-2-oxoethyl)-N-methyl-2-amino-1,2,3,4,4a,8a-hexahydronaphthalene
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Tochergamine N,N-diethyl-2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylamino)acetamide

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Shulgin AT (1976). "Psychotomimetic Agents". In Gordon M (ed.). Psychopharmacological Agents: Use, Misuse and Abuse. Medicinal Chemistry: A Series of Monographs. Vol. 4. Academic Press. pp. 59–146. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-290559-9.50011-9. ISBN 978-0-12-290559-9. The largest number of structural analogs of LSD that have been prepared involve the opening of one or more of the rings of the parent lysergic acid system. The compounds with the piperidine ring (ring D) opened [see (I)] are encountered as natural products in the several Convolvulaceae discussed in Section II,B on ololiuqui. The opening of ring C (by cleavage of the 10-11 bond to the indole "4 position") results in a series of N-Ξ±-disubstituted tryptamines. Additionally, analogs are known with the indolic nitrogen replaced with sulfur (benzothiophenes) and with an aliphatic chain (tetralins). A recent review covers this chemistry (Campaigne and Knapp, 1971), but there is apparently no human psychopharmacology as yet known.
  2. ^ a b c d Nichols DE (May 1973). Potential Psychotomimetics: Bromomethoxyamphetamines and Structural Congeners of Lysergic Acid (Thesis). University of Iowa. p. 23. OCLC 1194694085. Archived from the original on 2025-04-06. Retrieved 2025-06-01.
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  18. ^ Plieninger, Hans (1953). "Die Synthese von Modellsubstanzen fΓΌr die LysergsΓ€ure I. Mitteilung". Chemische Berichte. 86 (1): 25–31. doi:10.1002/cber.19530860106. ISSN 0009-2940. Retrieved 2 June 2025. Die Synthese der 1.6-Dimethyl-5-[4-methoxy-phenyl]-pyridin- carbonsΓ€ure-(3), ihres Tetrahydro- und Hexahydro-Derivates, sowie einer Reihe anderer uterusaktivor Amine Wird beschrieben. [...] Da die Verbindungen V und VI auf den Kaninchenuterus in situ auch nur eine verhaltnismÀßig schwache Wirkung ausΓΌben, wurde versucht, der LysergsΓ€ureeKonstitution nΓ€herzukommen. Bekanntlich tritt bei den hydrierten Mutterkornalkaloiden die Uteruswirkung zugunsten der sympaticolytischen Wirkung zurΓΌck. In der Annahme, daß die Uteruswirksomkeit auch bei unseren Modellsubstanzen durch die Doppelbindung in 3.4-Stellung gesteigert wird, haben wir die Verbindung XIV und XV nach dem folgenden Formelschema synthetisiert. Vorher hotten wir vergeblich versucht, die Pyridine Verbindung X bzw. ihr Methosulfat partiell zu hydrieren. [...] Die Einwirkung von p-Methoxy-phenyl-magnesiumbromid11) auf einen Überschuß an Ketoester fΓΌhrt zu dem nicht kristallisierenden tert. Alkohol XIV, wobei die grâßere. ReaktionsfΓ€higkeit der Ketogruppe gegenΓΌber der Estergruppe ausgenΓΌtzt wird. Durch Wasserabspaltung mittels Thionylchlorids in Pyridin12) erhΓ€lt man in mÀßiger Ausbeute ein schΓΆn kristallisiertes Oxalat der Formel XV bzw. XVI. Eine Entscheidung, in welcher Richtung die Wasserabspaltung erfolgt ist, steht vorlΓ€ufig noch aus. Die Verbindung zeigte sich in ihrer pharmakologischen Wirkung den gesΓ€ttigten Derivaten V und VI deutlich ΓΌberlegen.
  19. ^ "COc1ccc(cc1)C2=CC(CN(C)C2C)C(O)=O". MolView. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  20. ^ Horii Z, Kurihara T, Yamamoto S, Ninomiya I (November 1967). "Studies on ergot alkaloids and related compounds. XIV. Synthesis of N-alkyl-4-methyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[f]quinoline-2-carboxamides and stereochemistry of diethyl 4-methyl-1-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,10b-octahydro-benzo[f]quinoline-2,2-dicarboxylate". Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 15 (11): 1641–1650. doi:10.1248/cpb.15.1641. PMID 5583819. Our previous report1) introduced the synthesis of a potent oxytocic ethyl 4-methyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[f]quinoline-2-carboxylate (VII). Recently, Ohta and his coworkers also prepared V] by a convenient method starting from the Mannich product (II). However, they did not deal with the stereochemistry of the compounds involved. In the course of work searching for compounds with potent activity related to lysergic acid, we now wish to describe two routes of preparations of diethyl-, n-butyl- and 2-hydroxyisopropylamide derivatives of VI, which can be regarded as LSD25 analogs lacking only a pyrrole ring, and also discuss the stereochemistry of this series of compounds. [...] Of these amide derivatives, the diethylamide (VIII) was also prepared by an alternative route as follows. [...] Experimental. [...] N,N-Diethyl-4-methyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydrobenzo(f)quinoline-2-carboxamide (VIII)β€”[...]
  21. ^ "1829 - PiHKALΒ·info". Isomer Design. 26 February 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
  22. ^ Norris PE, Blicke FF (December 1952). "Potential ergot substitutes: esters and amides of beta-amino acids". J Am Pharm Assoc. 41 (12): 637–639. doi:10.1002/jps.3030411204. PMID 13022416. Six esters and amides of derivatives of Ξ²-alanine which are related to lysergic acid have been prepared and tested for oxytocic activity. None of these products possess a significant oxytocic activity. [...] The purpose of this investigation was to synthesize amides and also esters of compounds (II–V) which represent fragments of the lysergic acid molecule in the hope that some of these products might possess oxytocic activity. Various modified fragments of the lysergic acid molecule have been synthesized previously; it was claimed that some of the compounds are active oxytocics (1β€”7). [...] Pharmacologic data indicated that none of the esters or amides of compounds IIβ€”V which were prepared possess a significant oxytocic action when compared to the clinically used oxytocics. However, the diethylamide of N-methyl-N-[Ξ²β€²-(3-indolyl)-ethyl]-Ξ²-alanine (IIIc) appeared to have an oxytocic activity approximately ten times stronger than that of the diethylamide of N-methyl-N-(Ξ²β€²-phenethyl)-Ξ²-alanine (IIc).
  23. ^ "PiHKALΒ·info - M-NDEPA". Isomer Design. 28 February 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
  24. ^ "PiHKALΒ·info". DOM-NDEPA. 28 February 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
  25. ^ a b c Schulze-Alexandru, Meike; Kovar, Karl-Artur; Vedani, Angelo (1999). "Quasi-atomistic Receptor Surrogates for the 5-HT2A Receptor: A 3D-QSAR Study on Hallucinogenic Substances" (PDF). Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships. 18 (6): 548–560. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3838(199912)18:6<548::AID-QSAR548>3.0.CO;2-B. ISSN 0931-8771. Retrieved 1 April 2025. Table 3. New phenylalkylamine and tryptamine congeners. Cf. also Figure 5. [...] Figure 5. Molecular structures of the new 5-HT2A congeneric ligands. Cf. also Table 3. [...] Table 4. Predicted binding affinities of new compounds, index by substance classes. [...]
  26. ^ "TMA-2-NDEPA". Isomer Design. 28 February 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
  27. ^ "6-fluoro-N,5-dimethyl-1-azatricyclo[6.3.1.04,12]dodeca-2,4(12),5,7-tetraen-10-amine". PubChem. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  28. ^ "Mixed serotonin receptor binders for treatment of psychotic disorders". Google Patents. 20 December 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  29. ^ Sabnis RW. Novel Mixed Serotonin Receptor Binder Compounds as 5‑HT2C Agonists for Treating Psychotic Disorders. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2025 Jul 29;16(8):1505-1506. doi:10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00427 PMID 40832520
  30. ^ https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/176415137
  31. ^ Marini-Bettolo, G. B., Chiavarelli, S., & Bovet, D. (1951). Synthetic Sympatholytic Substances of the Ergotamine Series. I. Nitrogen-Substituted Derivatives of the dl-1, 2, 3, 4-Tetrahydro-2-Naphthylamine-Containing Amino and Amido Functional Groups. Gazz. Chim. Ital, 80, 281–298. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=2759784031777399013
  32. ^ "PiHKALΒ·info". search. 26 February 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.

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