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Hungarian

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Etymology

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be- +‎ fon

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈbɛfon]
  • Hyphenation: be‧fon
  • Rhymes: -on

Verb

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befon

  1. (transitive) to plait, to braid
    Irén befonta a haját. ― Irén braided her hair.

Conjugation

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Conjugation of befon
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. befonok befonsz befon befonunk befontok befonnak
def. befonom befonod befonja befonjuk befonjátok befonják
2nd obj befonlak
past indef. befontam befontál befont befontunk befontatok befontak
def. befontam befontad befonta befontuk befontátok befonták
2nd obj befontalak
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. be fog fonni.
archaic
preterite 		indef. befonék befonál befona befonánk befonátok befonának
def. befonám befonád befoná befonánk befonátok befonák
2nd obj befonálak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. befon vala, befont vala/volt.
archaic future indef. befonandok befonandasz befonand befonandunk befonandotok befonandanak
def. befonandom befonandod befonandja befonandjuk befonandjátok befonandják
2nd obj befonandalak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. befonnék befonnál befonna befonnánk befonnátok befonnának
def. befonnám befonnád befonná befonnánk
(or befonnók) 		befonnátok befonnák
2nd obj befonnálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. befont volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. befonjak befonj or
befonjál 		befonjon befonjunk befonjatok befonjanak
def. befonjam befond or
befonjad 		befonja befonjuk befonjátok befonják
2nd obj befonjalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. befont légyen
infinitive befonni befonnom befonnod befonnia befonnunk befonnotok befonniuk
other
forms 		verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
befonás befonó befont befonandó befonva (befonván) befonat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem fon be or be is fon.
Potential conjugation of befon
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. befonhatok befonhatsz befonhat befonhatunk befonhattok befonhatnak
def. befonhatom befonhatod befonhatja befonhatjuk befonhatjátok befonhatják
2nd obj befonhatlak
past indef. befonhattam befonhattál befonhatott befonhattunk befonhattatok befonhattak
def. befonhattam befonhattad befonhatta befonhattuk befonhattátok befonhatták
2nd obj befonhattalak
archaic
preterite 		indef. befonhaték befonhatál befonhata befonhatánk befonhatátok befonhatának
def. befonhatám befonhatád befonhatá befonhatánk befonhatátok befonhaták
2nd obj befonhatálak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. befonhat vala, befonhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. befonhatandok
or befonandhatok 		befonhatandasz
or befonandhatsz 		befonhatand
or befonandhat 		befonhatandunk
or befonandhatunk 		befonhatandotok
or befonandhattok 		befonhatandanak
or befonandhatnak
def. befonhatandom
or befonandhatom 		befonhatandod
or befonandhatod 		befonhatandja
or befonandhatja 		befonhatandjuk
or befonandhatjuk 		befonhatandjátok
or befonandhatjátok 		befonhatandják
or befonandhatják
2nd obj befonhatandalak
or befonandhatlak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. befonhatnék befonhatnál befonhatna befonhatnánk befonhatnátok befonhatnának
def. befonhatnám befonhatnád befonhatná befonhatnánk
(or befonhatnók) 		befonhatnátok befonhatnák
2nd obj befonhatnálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. befonhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. befonhassak befonhass or
befonhassál 		befonhasson befonhassunk befonhassatok befonhassanak
def. befonhassam befonhasd or
befonhassad 		befonhassa befonhassuk befonhassátok befonhassák
2nd obj befonhassalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. befonhatott légyen
infinitive (befonhatni) (befonhatnom) (befonhatnod) (befonhatnia) (befonhatnunk) (befonhatnotok) (befonhatniuk)
other
forms 		positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
befonható befonhatatlan (befonhatva / befonhatván)
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem fonhat be or be is fonhat.

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • befon in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
  • befon in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Old English

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Etymology

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From be- +‎ fōn. Cognate with Old Saxon bifāhan, Old High German bifāhan, Old Frisian bifā. See fang.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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befōn

  1. to comprehend, grasp; begrip, take hold of, catch
  2. to surround, encompass; beset, encircle, enwrap, clothe, receive, conceive, inhold
    • late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
      Asia is befangen mid...þǣm gārseċġe sūþan ⁊ norþan ⁊ eastan...
      Asia is surrounded by...the southern and northern and eastern sea...

Conjugation

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Conjugation of befōn (strong, class VII)
infinitive befōn befōnne
indicative mood present tense past tense
first person singular befō befēng
second person singular befēhst befēnge
third person singular befēhþ befēng
plural befōþ befēngon
subjunctive present tense past tense
singular befō befēnge
plural befōn befēngen
imperative
singular befōh
plural befōþ
participle present past
befōnde befangen

Descendants

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