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Finnish

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Etymology

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Coined by Finnish explorer, historian and author Carl Axel Gottlund in 1828 into the standard language from the Savonian dialects.[1][2] Unknown root veru- +‎ -ke, possibly from a variant of vero (compare veroinen).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈʋerukeˣ/, [ˈʋe̞ruk̟e̞(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -eruke
  • Syllabification(key): ve‧ru‧ke
  • Hyphenation(key): ve‧ru‧ke

Noun

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veruke

  1. pretext, pretense (false, contrived, or assumed purpose or reason)
  2. excuse (explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgment)

Declension

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Inflection of veruke (Kotus type 48*A/hame, kk-k gradation)
nominative veruke verukkeet
genitive verukkeen verukkeiden
verukkeitten
partitive veruketta verukkeita
illative verukkeeseen verukkeisiin
verukkeihin
singular plural
nominative veruke verukkeet
accusative nom. veruke verukkeet
gen. verukkeen
genitive verukkeen verukkeiden
verukkeitten
partitive veruketta verukkeita
inessive verukkeessa verukkeissa
elative verukkeesta verukkeista
illative verukkeeseen verukkeisiin
verukkeihin
adessive verukkeella verukkeilla
ablative verukkeelta verukkeilta
allative verukkeelle verukkeille
essive verukkeena verukkeina
translative verukkeeksi verukkeiksi
abessive verukkeetta verukkeitta
instructive — verukkein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of veruke (Kotus type 48*A/hame, kk-k gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative verukkeeni verukkeeni
accusative nom. verukkeeni verukkeeni
gen. verukkeeni
genitive verukkeeni verukkeideni
verukkeitteni
partitive verukettani verukkeitani
inessive verukkeessani verukkeissani
elative verukkeestani verukkeistani
illative verukkeeseeni verukkeisiini
verukkeihini
adessive verukkeellani verukkeillani
ablative verukkeeltani verukkeiltani
allative verukkeelleni verukkeilleni
essive verukkeenani verukkeinani
translative verukkeekseni verukkeikseni
abessive verukkeettani verukkeittani
instructive — —
comitative — verukkeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative verukkeesi verukkeesi
accusative nom. verukkeesi verukkeesi
gen. verukkeesi
genitive verukkeesi verukkeidesi
verukkeittesi
partitive verukettasi verukkeitasi
inessive verukkeessasi verukkeissasi
elative verukkeestasi verukkeistasi
illative verukkeeseesi verukkeisiisi
verukkeihisi
adessive verukkeellasi verukkeillasi
ablative verukkeeltasi verukkeiltasi
allative verukkeellesi verukkeillesi
essive verukkeenasi verukkeinasi
translative verukkeeksesi verukkeiksesi
abessive verukkeettasi verukkeittasi
instructive — —
comitative — verukkeinesi
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative verukkeensa verukkeensa
accusative nom. verukkeensa verukkeensa
gen. verukkeensa
genitive verukkeensa verukkeidensa
verukkeittensa
partitive verukettaan
verukettansa 		verukkeitaan
verukkeitansa
inessive verukkeessaan
verukkeessansa 		verukkeissaan
verukkeissansa
elative verukkeestaan
verukkeestansa 		verukkeistaan
verukkeistansa
illative verukkeeseensa verukkeisiinsa
verukkeihinsa
adessive verukkeellaan
verukkeellansa 		verukkeillaan
verukkeillansa
ablative verukkeeltaan
verukkeeltansa 		verukkeiltaan
verukkeiltansa
allative verukkeelleen
verukkeellensa 		verukkeilleen
verukkeillensa
essive verukkeenaan
verukkeenansa 		verukkeinaan
verukkeinansa
translative verukkeekseen
verukkeeksensa 		verukkeikseen
verukkeiksensa
abessive verukkeettaan
verukkeettansa 		verukkeittaan
verukkeittansa
instructive — —
comitative — verukkeineen
verukkeinensa

Synonyms

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References

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  1. ^ Rapola, Martti, “veruke”, in Lauerma, Petri, Partanen, Niko, Kanner, Antti, editors, Rapolan 1800-luvun sanasto‎[1] (in Finnish), published 2019
  2. ^ Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “veruke”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

Further reading

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