109. Say It Loud: Black Power

How the controversial slogan “black power,” used by activists like H. Rap Brown and Stokely Carmichael (pictured), relates to ideas of militancy, separatism, and the power of language.

Further Reading

• H.R. Brown, Die Ni**er Die! A Political Autobiography of Jamil Abdullah al-Amin (Chicago: 2002, originally published 1969).

• S. Carmichael (later K. Ture), Stokely Speaks: from Black Power to Pan-Africanism (Chicago: 1971).

• S. Carmichael (later K. Ture) and C.V. Hamilton, Black Power: the Politics of Liberation in America (New York: 1992, originally published 1967).

• S. Carmichael and E.M. Thelwell, Ready for Revolution: the Life and Struggles of Stokely Carmichael [Kwame Ture] (New York: 2003).

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• C. Johnson, Revolutionaries to Race Leaders: Black Power and the Making of African American Politics (Minneapolis: 2007).

• P. Joseph (ed.), The Black Power Movement: Rethinking the Civil Rights-Black Power Era (New York: 2006).

• P. Joseph, Waiting ’Til the Midnight Hour: A Narrative History of Black Power in America (New York: 2006).

• J.O.G. Ogbar, Black Power: Radical Politics and African American Identity (Baltimore: 2019).

• B.M. Terry, "Stokely Carmichael and the Longing for Black Liberation: Black Power and Beyond," in M.L. Rogers and J. Turner (eds), African American Political Thought: A Collected History (Chicago: 2021), 593-630.