Analyze Square Data in R via ODBC

Access Square data with pure R script and standard SQL. You can use the CData ODBC Driver for Square and the RODBC package to work with remote Square data in R. By using the CData Driver, you are leveraging a driver written for industry-proven standards to access your data in the popular, open-source R language. This article shows how to use the driver to execute SQL queries to Square data and visualize Square data in R.

Install R

You can complement the driver's performance gains from multi-threading and managed code by running the multithreaded Microsoft R Open or by running R linked with the BLAS/LAPACK libraries. This article uses Microsoft R Open (MRO).

Connect to Square as an ODBC Data Source

Information for connecting to Square follows, along with different instructions for configuring a DSN in Windows and Linux environments.

Square uses the OAuth authentication standard. To authenticate using OAuth, register an app with Square to obtain the OAuthClientId, OAuthClientSecret, and CallbackURL. See the "Getting Started" chapter of the help documentation for a guide to using OAuth.

Additionally, you must specify the LocationId. You can retrieve the Ids for your Locations by querying the Locations table. Alternatively, you can set the LocationId in the search criteria of your query.

When you configure the DSN, you may also want to set the Max Rows connection property. This will limit the number of rows returned, which is especially helpful for improving performance when designing reports and visualizations.

Windows

If you have not already, first specify connection properties in an ODBC DSN (data source name). This is the last step of the driver installation. You can use the Microsoft ODBC Data Source Administrator to create and configure ODBC DSNs.

Linux

If you are installing the CData ODBC Driver for Square in a Linux environment, the driver installation predefines a system DSN. You can modify the DSN by editing the system data sources file (/etc/odbc.ini) and defining the required connection properties.

/etc/odbc.ini

[CData Square Source]
Driver = CData ODBC Driver for Square
Description = My Description
OAuthClientId = MyAppId
OAuthClientSecret = MyAppSecret
CallbackURL = http://localhost:33333
LocationId = MyDefaultLocation
InitiateOAuth = GETANDREFRESH

For specific information on using these configuration files, please refer to the help documentation (installed and found online).

Load the RODBC Package

To use the driver, download the RODBC package. In RStudio, click Tools -> Install Packages and enter RODBC in the Packages box.

After installing the RODBC package, the following line loads the package:

library(RODBC)

Note: This article uses RODBC version 1.3-12. Using Microsoft R Open, you can test with the same version, using the checkpoint capabilities of Microsoft's MRAN repository. The checkpoint command enables you to install packages from a snapshot of the CRAN repository, hosted on the MRAN repository. The snapshot taken Jan. 1, 2016 contains version 1.3-12.

library(checkpoint)
checkpoint("2016-01-01")

Connect to Square Data as an ODBC Data Source

You can connect to a DSN in R with the following line:

conn <- odbcConnect("CData Square Source")

Schema Discovery

The driver models Square APIs as relational tables, views, and stored procedures. Use the following line to retrieve the list of tables:

sqlTables(conn)

Execute SQL Queries

Use the sqlQuery function to execute any SQL query supported by the Square API.

refunds <- sqlQuery(conn, "SELECT Reason, RefundedMoneyAmount FROM Refunds", believeNRows=FALSE, rows_at_time=1)

You can view the results in a data viewer window with the following command:

View(refunds)

Plot Square Data

You can now analyze Square data with any of the data visualization packages available in the CRAN repository. You can create simple bar plots with the built-in bar plot function:

par(las=2,ps=10,mar=c(5,15,4,2))
barplot(refunds$RefundedMoneyAmount, main="Square Refunds", names.arg = refunds$Reason, horiz=TRUE)

👁 A basic bar plot. (Salesforce is shown.)