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Introduction to Mathematical Thinking

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Introduction to Mathematical Thinking

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Gain insight into a topic and learn the fundamentals.
4.8

3,032 reviews

Intermediate level
Some related experience required
Flexible schedule
4 weeks at 10 hours a week
Learn at your own pace
97%
Most learners liked this course

Gain insight into a topic and learn the fundamentals.
4.8

3,032 reviews

Intermediate level
Some related experience required
Flexible schedule
4 weeks at 10 hours a week
Learn at your own pace
97%
Most learners liked this course

There are 9 modules in this course

Learn how to think the way mathematicians do – a powerful cognitive process developed over thousands of years.

Mathematical thinking is not the same as doing mathematics – at least not as mathematics is typically presented in our school system. School math typically focuses on learning procedures to solve highly stereotyped problems. Professional mathematicians think a certain way to solve real problems, problems that can arise from the everyday world, or from science, or from within mathematics itself. The key to success in school math is to learn to think inside-the-box. In contrast, a key feature of mathematical thinking is thinking outside-the-box – a valuable ability in today’s world. This course helps to develop that crucial way of thinking.

START with the Welcome lecture. It explains what this course is about. (It comes with a short Background Reading assignment, to read before you start the course, and a Reading Supplement on Set Theory for use later in the course, both in downloadable PDF format.) This initial orientation lecture is important, since this course is probably not like any math course you have taken before – even if in places it might look like one! AFTER THAT, Lecture 1 prepares the groundwork for the course; then in Lecture 2 we dive into the first topic. This may all look like easy stuff, but tens of thousands of former students found they had trouble later by skipping through Week 1 too quickly! Be warned. If possible, form or join a study group and discuss everything with them. BY THE WAY, the time estimates for watching the video lectures are machine generated, based on the video length. Expect to spend a lot longer going through the lectures sufficiently well to understand the material. The time estimates for completing the weekly Problem Sets (Quiz format) are a bit more reliable, but even they are just a guideline. You may find yourself taking a lot longer.

What's included

6 videos1 assignment

6 videosβ€’Total 84 minutes
  • Lecture 0 - Welcomeβ€’8 minutes
  • Lecture 1 - Introductory Materialβ€’28 minutes
  • Lecture 2 - Logical Combinatorsβ€’26 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 1β€’3 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 2β€’9 minutes
  • Tutorial for Problem Set 1β€’10 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 120 minutes
  • Problem Set 1β€’120 minutes

In Week 2 we continue our discussion of formalized parts of language for use in mathematics. By now you should have familiarized yourself with the basic structure of the course: 1. Watch the first lecture and answer the in-lecture quizzes; tackle each of the problems in the associated Assignment sheet; THEN watch the tutorial video for the Assignment sheet. 2. REPEAT sequence for the second lecture. 3. THEN do the Problem Set, after which you can view the Problem Set tutorial. REMEMBER, the time estimates for watching the video lectures are machine generated, based on the video length. Expect to spend a lot longer going through the lectures sufficiently well to understand the material. The time estimates for completing the weekly Problem Sets (Quiz format) are a bit more reliable, but even they are just a guideline. You may find yourself taking a lot longer.

What's included

6 videos1 assignment

6 videosβ€’Total 131 minutes
  • Lecture 3 - Implicationβ€’32 minutes
  • Lecture 4 - Equivalenceβ€’25 minutes
  • SUPPLEMENT: Using the course evaluation rubricβ€’5 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 3β€’12 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 4β€’21 minutes
  • Tutorial for Problem Set 2β€’37 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 120 minutes
  • Problem Set 2β€’120 minutes

This week we continue our analysis of language for use in mathematics. Remember, while the parts of language we are focusing have particular importance in mathematics, our main interest is in the analytic process itself: How do we formalize concepts from everyday life? Because the topics become more challenging, starting this week we have just one basic lecture cycle (Lecture -> Assignment -> Tutorial -> Problem Set -> Tutorial) each week. If you have not yet found one or more people to work with, please try to do so. It is so easy to misunderstand this material.

What's included

4 videos1 assignment

4 videosβ€’Total 128 minutes
  • Lecture 5 - Quantifiersβ€’30 minutes
  • SUPPLEMENT - How to Read Mathematical Formulasβ€’28 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 5β€’48 minutes
  • Tutorial for Problem Set 3β€’23 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 120 minutes
  • Problem Set 3β€’120 minutes

This week we complete our analysis of language, putting into place the linguistic apparatus that enabled, mathematicians in the 19th Century to develop a formal mathematical treatment of infinity, thereby finally putting Calculus onto a firm footing, three hundred years after its invention. (You do not need to know calculus for this course.) It is all about being precise and unambiguous. (But only where it counts. We are trying to extend our fruitfully-flexible human language and reasoning, not replace them with a rule-based straightjacket!)

What's included

4 videos1 assignment

4 videosβ€’Total 88 minutes
  • Lecture 6A - Working with Quantifiers 1β€’16 minutes
  • Lecture 6B - Working with Quantifiers 2β€’29 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 6β€’17 minutes
  • Tutorial for Problem Set 4β€’27 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 120 minutes
  • Problem Set 4β€’120 minutes

This week we take our first look at mathematical proofs, the bedrock of modern mathematics.

What's included

4 videos1 assignment

4 videosβ€’Total 82 minutes
  • Lecture 7A - Proofs 1β€’22 minutes
  • Lecture 7B - Proofs 2β€’24 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 7β€’15 minutes
  • Tutorial for Problem Set 5β€’21 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 150 minutes
  • Problem Set 5β€’150 minutes

This week we complete our brief look at mathematical proofs

What's included

4 videos1 assignment

4 videosβ€’Total 111 minutes
  • Lecture 8A - Proofs with Quantifiers 1β€’36 minutes
  • Lecture 8B - Proofs with Quantifiers 2β€’22 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 8β€’16 minutes
  • Tutorial for Problem Set 6β€’36 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 150 minutes
  • Problem Set 6β€’150 minutes

The topic this week is the branch of mathematics known as Number Theory. Number Theory, which goes back to the Ancient Greek mathematicians, is a hugely important subject within mathematics, having ramifications throughout mathematics, in physics, and in some of today's most important technologies. In this course, however, we consider only some very elementary parts of the subject, using them primarily to illustrate mathematical thinking.

What's included

4 videos1 assignment

4 videosβ€’Total 101 minutes
  • Lecture 9A - Number Theory 1β€’22 minutes
  • Lecture 9B - Number Theory 2β€’25 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 9β€’14 minutes
  • Tutorial for Problem Set 7β€’40 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 180 minutes
  • Problem Set 7β€’180 minutes

In this final week of instruction, we look at the beginnings of the important subject known as Real Analysis, where we closely examine the real number system and develop a rigorous foundation for calculus. This is where we really benefit from our earlier analysis of language. University math majors generally regard Real Analysis as extremely difficult, but most of the problems they encounter in the early days stem from not having made a prior study of language use, as we have here.

What's included

5 videos1 assignment

5 videosβ€’Total 124 minutes
  • Lecture 10A - Real Analysis 1β€’27 minutes
  • Lecture 10B - Real Analysis 2β€’26 minutes
  • Lecture 10C - Real Analysis 3β€’20 minutes
  • Tutorial for Assignment 10β€’12 minutes
  • Tutorial for Problem Set 8β€’38 minutes
1 assignmentβ€’Total 180 minutes
  • Problem Set 8β€’180 minutes

Test Flight provides an opportunity to experience an important aspect of "being a mathematician": evaluating real mathematical arguments produced by others. There are three stages. It is important to do them in order, and to not miss any steps. STAGE 1: You complete the Test Flight Problem Set (available as a downloadable PDF with the introductory video), entering your solutions in the Peer Evaluation module. STAGE 2: You complete three Evaluation Exercises, where you evaluate solutions to the Problem Set specially designed to highlight different kinds of errors. The format is just like the weekly Problem Sets, with machine grading. You should view the Tutorial video for each Exercise after you submit your solutions, but BEFORE you start the next Exercise. STAGE 3: You evaluate three Problem Set solutions submitted by other students. (This process is anonymous.) This final stage takes place in the Peer Evaluation module. After you are done peer reviewing, you may want to evaluate your own solution. It can be very informative to see how you rate your own attempt after looking at the work of others.

What's included

4 videos3 assignments1 peer review

4 videosβ€’Total 83 minutes
  • Test Flight Introductionβ€’0 minutes
  • Test Flight Tutorial 1β€’33 minutes
  • Test Flight Tutorial 2β€’37 minutes
  • Test Flight Tutorial 3β€’13 minutes
3 assignmentsβ€’Total 180 minutes
  • Evaluation Exercise 1β€’60 minutes
  • Evaluation Exercise 2β€’60 minutes
  • Evaluation Exercise 3β€’60 minutes
1 peer reviewβ€’Total 60 minutes
  • Test Flight Peer Assessmentsβ€’60 minutes

Instructor

Instructor ratings
4.8 (547 ratings)

Top Instructor

Stanford University
1 Courseβ€’558,471 learners

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GD
Β·

Reviewed on May 9, 2017

Great course ! Provided new skills on how to think about maths and improved my overall confidence with the subject. I feel like I can go further in the study of mathematics thanks to this.

MN
Β·

Reviewed on Jun 24, 2021

This is an amazing course if you want to start with advanced mathematics especially want to improve in proof writing. which is one of the most important skills required for a graduate program.

PD
Β·

Reviewed on Jun 29, 2020

It has help evaluate what I put into decision in any applicable context. Since I've noted what decision I make and how outcome can be made to vary when I consider all components in a isolated manner.

Frequently asked questions

Since the focus is to acquire a new way of thinking (as opposed to getting right answers), the passing grade for the weekly Problem Sets is 35%, and for the Test Flight Problem Sets 30%. Basically, this means that if you stick with the course and complete all the work diligently, you should get a passing grade.

To access the course materials, assignments and to earn a Certificate, you will need to purchase the Certificate experience when you enroll in a course. You can try a Free Trial instead, or apply for Financial Aid. The course may offer 'Full Course, No Certificate' instead. This option lets you see all course materials, submit required assessments, and get a final grade. This also means that you will not be able to purchase a Certificate experience.

When you purchase a Certificate you get access to all course materials, including graded assignments. Upon completing the course, your electronic Certificate will be added to your Accomplishments page - from there, you can print your Certificate or add it to your LinkedIn profile.

Yes. In select learning programs, you can apply for financial aid or a scholarship if you can’t afford the enrollment fee. If fin aid or scholarship is available for your learning program selection, you’ll find a link to apply on the description page.

Financial aid available,

ΒΉ Some assignments in this course are AI-graded. For these assignments, your data will be used in accordance with Coursera's Privacy Notice.