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After setting up the bare minimum configuration for a new server, there are some additional steps that are highly recommended in most cases. In this guide, we’ll continue the configuration of our servers by tackling some recommended, but optional procedures.
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When creating a new Ubuntu 14.04 server, there are some basic steps that you should take to ensure that your server is secure and configured properly. This tutorial series covers connecting to your server and general security best practices, and provides links to articles that will help you start running your own web server or application.
Browse Series: 2 tutorials
Former Senior Technical Writer at DigitalOcean, specializing in DevOps topics across multiple Linux distributions, including Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04, as well as Debian 10 and 11.
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Should it not be sudo chmod 600 /swapfile rather than sudo chown 600 /swapfile ?
Very helpful post, thanks.
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If you want to use NTP Syncronization you should enable port 123 in the firewall:
sudo ufw allow 123/tcp
per https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-time-synchronization-on-ubuntu-12-04
if I have changed my default ssh port … and added a rule in ufw for the new port, should i then dissallow access to the default ssh port ?
I recommend also tweaking the swapfile as per this guide from Justin.
I get this, what happened and how to solve it?
sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = (unset),
LC_ALL = (unset),
LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8",
LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Current default time zone: 'Asia/Taipei'
Local time is now: Mon Dec 29 14:21:43 CST 2014.
Universal Time is now: Mon Dec 29 06:21:43 UTC 2014.
Some people might find (I did) imposible to create a swap file if running on a VPS.
Command swapon returns an error: “swapon: swap: swapon failed: Operation not permitted”
If your “swapon” is not responding, this might be the cause.
I am running Ubuntu 14.04 on a VPS provided by OVH, an european-based international ISP. Turns out that some of the virtualized operating systems ISPs use are modified to automatically provide swap memory (in my case, swap = 1/8 RAM). They also prevent root user from creating its own swap memory files.
When I run free -m i can see I had 128MB of swap memory from the very beginning.
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1024 325 698 2 0 285 -/+ buffers/cache: 39 984 Swap: 128 0 128
This is an obvious shortcoming.
Hello,
I’m thinking about using your great services! However, I wonder if this guide trilogy is almost enough to deploy a normal local store Wordpress website, (just talking about the server mantainment). I would also use Cloudflare to stop spam and ddos attacks.
I mean, apart from updating packages, I’m worried about security, and any other kind of configuration not explained here. Are this firewall settings enough for the most common attacks? Should I take a special consideration on admin pages apart from SSL certificates?
Because, the fact that having my own VPS is great, and I know the Linux basics and I think I can configure my server! but I’m not server admin, so I’m not sure if my website will be a lot more naked than other managed servers (bluehost, etc)
Hi, I get a “Operation not permitted” on swapon, does it important ? how to fix it
me@vps:~$ sudo fallocate -l 4G /swapfile me@vps:~$ sudo chmod 600 /swapfile me@vps:~$ sudo mkswap /swapfile Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4194300 KiB no label, UUID=468432d3-ea0d-4502-b326-ac101044c914 me@vps:~$ sudo swapon /swapfile swapon: /swapfile: swapon failed: Operation not permitted
Thkx
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