Difference Between Bryophytes And Pteridophytes

The plant is classified into four major parts root, stem, leaf & flower. However, plants are also classified according to their flowering plants are called Angiosperm and others are called non-flowering plants Gymnosperm. Plants are all non-motile and autotrophic in nature.

What are Bryophytes? 

Bryophytes are non-vascular plants which means they do not have true vascular tissue xylem and phloem. The absence of the vascular system is viewable in Bryophytes, the simplest plants that grow in moist land, bryophytes lack true root structure rhizoids are present for anchorage. Due to this nature bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom. 

Bryophytes exhibit alternation generation where the true gametophytes dominate over sporophytes gametophytes are haploid and produce spores. The formation of the haploid gametes they do not lead to the production of flowers & seeds. 

Bryophytes produce phenolic compounds, which deter herbivorous. Other plants are also getting benefitted from water collected by the bryophytes.

E.g. Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts,etc.

What are Pteridophytes:

Pteridophytes are referred to as cryptogram since they do not produce seeds or blooms, they have well-developed vascular tissue, xylem, and phloem these plants are classified as vascular plants. They can grow up to 30 meters long, and they are the closest relative of fruit and root-producing plants- angiosperm and conifers. 

The sporophytes are the most prominent in pteridophytes gametophytes & sporophytes are autotrophs, gametes are microscopic and multicellular. Gametophytes develop both antheridia and archegonia, archigonia produces eggs and antheridia produces sperm inside the same plants. Therefore pteridophytes are also known as unisexual plants. After fertilization zygote develops into sporophytes, pteridophytes consist of neither flowers nor seeds they reproduce via spores. Some pteridophytes are Microspores, and Megaspores & some are Homospores. 

E.g. Mosses, ferns, Spikemosses, etc.

Difference Between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Similarities Between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

• Bryophytes and Pteridophytes belong to the kingdom Plantae.
• Both require water and minerals for their survival bryophytes require moist are to survive.
• The best plant to study regarding the study of the evolution of plants.
• Both have Antheridium and Archegonium present.
• Bryophytes and Pteridophytes both produce neither seeds nor flowers.
• Both have a terrestrial lifestyle.
• Males are flagellates.
• Sex organs are surrounded by sterile jackets.
• Both have a definite alternation of sporophytic and gametophytic generation. 
• Both have archegonium and antheridium. 
• Cuticles present are present in both plants.

Kingdom Plantae includes large about 2 million plant species that are eukaryotic autotrophic in nature. They contain chlorophyll that aids photosynthesis. Plants can be classified into 5major types:

1. Thallophyta: This includes mostly aquatic plants, they do not differentiate in the root, stem, and leaf structure they have a thallus body structure. e.g.  Algae, Volvox, spirogyra.
2. Bryophyta: These plants have leaves, and small plants, and the absence of true roots, like structure, is showing the cause of rhizoids this makes them more complicated as compared to thallophytes. They can not grow in water but they require weather for reproduction they can grow only in moist areas, and they do not have a vascular system, and that's why they are called amphibians. e.g. Mosses, Liverworts.
3. Pteridophytes: Pteridophytes are more advanced and developed than bryophytes they grow up to 40-60 meters long, have true roots, stem, and leaves structure, and have well-developed vascular and circulation systems present. For reproduction, they are unisexual plants. e.g. Lycophytes, Horsetails.
4. Gymnosperm: This type of plant terrestrial plant, can grow up to several feet. They have well-developed separate body structures of root, stem, and leaves. well-developed vascular system and transport of xylem and phloem. They produce naked seeds. e.g. Cycus, Pinus.
5. Angiosperm: Angiosperms are more advanced plants they have well-developed and complex vascular systems are presents. These plants start producing flowers and fruits that contain seeds. e.g. Wheat, Rice.

1-( Aquatic & thallus plant body), 2-( Moist area, Thallus plant, water for reproduction), 3- ( Well developed body, vascular system), 4- ( Terrestrial & well developed body, vascular, naked seeds), 5-( Terrestrial body, more complex vascular system, flower, fruit, and seed).

Conclusion

Bryophytes are avascular plants and have a thallus structure, does not have true root, stem, and leaves structure. Pteridophytes have special characteristic and are more advance than bryophytes they have a clear structure of the root, stem, and leaves, and grows six feet in height, pteridophytes show a clear development of the vascular body and show the development of the xylem and phloem.  The primary and major difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes is the structure of their dominant body size.