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VOOZH | about |
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VOOZH | about |
| Description | Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs or boars. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into between four and eight genera. The family includes the domestic pig, Sus scrofa domesticus or Sus domesticus, in addition to numerous species of wild pig, such as babirusas and warthogs. All suids, or swine, are native to the Old World, ranging from Asia to Europe and Africa. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 4.0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Rank | family | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Common Name | pig | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific Name | Suidae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name Published In | London Med. Repos. vol.15 p.306 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 171 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 26 (15%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 37.2 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | terrestrial (based on Artiodactyla) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | omnivore | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ecospace Comments | life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | phosphatic (based on Vertebrata) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. E. Gray. 1821. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals. The London Medical Repository Monthly Journal and Review 15:296-310 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name(s) | Pigs, Hogs, Pig, Hogs, Pigs, äkta Svin, Boars, Zwijnen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suidae |
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 👁 Image Babyrousinae subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 2 | 2.59 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| 👁 Image Cainochoerinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 3 | 16.9 Ma Miocene | 13.7 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Hyotheriinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 78 | 33.9 Ma Oligocene | 5.33 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Kubanochoerinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 21 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 13.8 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Listriodontinae subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 112 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 7.25 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Namachoerinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| 👁 Image Palaeochoerinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 3 | 33.9 Ma Oligocene | 33.9 Ma Oligocene | |
| 👁 Image Schizochoerinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| 👁 Image Suinae subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 1,124 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| 👁 Image Tetraconodontinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 84 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 1.81 Ma Pleistocene | |
| 👁 Image Chaeropotamina ✝ tribe | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Adaetontherium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Afrochoerus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| 👁 Image Aureliachoerus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 21 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 13.7 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Babyrousa genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Babirusa | 2 | 2.59 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| 👁 Image Bunolistriodon ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 34 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 7.25 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Chleuastochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 10 | 11.6 Ma Miocene | 5.33 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Conohyus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 28 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 11.1 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Dinochoerus ✝ genus | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| 👁 Image Eocenchoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 37.2 Ma Eocene | 37.2 Ma Eocene | |
| 👁 Image Eumaiochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 11.6 Ma Miocene | 11.6 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Gerontochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 85 | 7.25 Ma Miocene | 1.81 Ma Pleistocene | |
| 👁 Image Hemichoerus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| 👁 Image Hippohyus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 3 | 11.6 Ma Miocene | 5.33 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Hippopotamodon ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 17 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 2.59 Ma Pleistocene | |
| 👁 Image Hylochoerus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Giant Forest Hog | 106 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| 👁 Image Hyosus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| 👁 Image Hyotherium ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 65 | 33.9 Ma Oligocene | 8.70 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Kenyasus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 6 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 16.0 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Kolpochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 309 | 11.6 Ma Miocene | 0.78 Ma Pleistocene | |
| 👁 Image Kubanochoerus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 9 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 11.6 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Libycochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 13.8 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Listriodon ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 66 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 7.25 Ma Miocene | |
| Lophiochoerus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| 👁 Image Lophochoerus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 11.6 Ma Miocene | 8.70 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Lopholistriodon ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 11 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 13.8 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Mabokopithecus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| 👁 Image Mesochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 12 | 5.33 Ma Miocene | 2.59 Ma Pleistocene | |
| 👁 Image Metridiochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 263 | 5.33 Ma Miocene | 1.81 Ma Pleistocene | |
| 👁 Image Microstonyx ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 29 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 7.75 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Nguruwe ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 20.4 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Notochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 39 | 5.33 Ma Miocene | 1.81 Ma Pleistocene | |
| 👁 Image Nyanzachoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 142 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 2.59 Ma Pleistocene | |
| 👁 Image Odoichoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 37.2 Ma Eocene | 37.2 Ma Eocene | |
| 👁 Image Paradoxodonides ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| 👁 Image Phacochoerus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Warthog | 90 | 5.33 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| Potamochoerus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| 👁 Image Promesochoerus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| 👁 Image Pronotochoerus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 3.60 Ma Pliocene | 3.60 Ma Pliocene | |
| 👁 Image Propotamochoerus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 24 | 16.0 Ma Miocene | 4.20 Ma Pliocene | |
| 👁 Image Sus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Pig | 248 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| Tapirotherium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| 👁 Image Tetraconodon ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 3 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 11.6 Ma Miocene | |
| 👁 Image Xenohyus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 7 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 20.0 Ma Miocene | |
| Versoporcus steinheimensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Name | Source | Taxon Rank | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phacochoeridae | GBIF | family | Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Phacochoeridae |
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1821 | Suidae Gray p. 300 |
| 1850 | Suidae Bonaparte p. 1 |
| 1868 | Phacochoeridae Gray p. 47 |
| 1873 | Suidae Leidy p. 319 |
| 1883 | Phacochoeridae Flower p. 184 |
| 1883 | Suidae Flower p. 184 |
| 1889 | Suidae Cope p. 876 |
| 1891 | Suidae Flower and Lydekker p. 89 |
| 1902 | Suidae Hay p. 653 |
| 1906 | Suidae Andrews p. 193 |
| 1911 | Suidae Jaekel p. 234 |
| 1988 | Suidae Carroll |
| 1991 | Suidae Anyonge p. 381 |
| 1991 | Suidae Codrea et al. |
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1991 | Suidae Nowak |
| 1997 | Suidae McKenna and Bell p. 393 |
| 2000 | Suidae Ursing et al. |
| 2001 | Suidae Sach and Heizmann p. 30 |
| 2001 | Suidae Thewissen et al. p. suppl. |
| 2002 | Suidae Liping et al. p. 152 |
| 2003 | Suidae Theodorou et al. |
| 2005 | Suidae Boisserie et al. |
| 2006 | Suidae Orliac et al. p. 688 |
| 2008 | Suidae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 2 |
| 2009 | Suidae Spaulding et al. |
| 2010 | Suidae Bishop p. 834 |
| 2010 | Suidae Boisserie et al. p. 348 |
| 2017 | Suidae Geraads |
| Gray J. E. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals, The London Medical Repository Monthly Journal and Review 15, 296-310 |
| Bonaparte C.-L. , Conspectus Systematis Mastozoologiae. Editio Altera Reformata [Survey of the system of mammals. Second revised edition]. E. J. Brill, Leyden, 1 |
| Leidy J. Part I. Contributions to the extinct vertebrate fauna of the western territories, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 1, 1-358 |
| Flower W. H. On the arrangement of the Orders and Families of existing Mammalia, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1883, 178-186 |
| Cope E. D. Synopsis of the families of Vertebrata, The American Naturalist 23, 1-29 |
| Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868 |
| Andrews C. W. (1906) , A Descriptive Catalogue of the Tertiary Vertebrata of Fayum, Egypt, 1-324 |
| Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252 |
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Anyonge W. (1991) Fauna from a new Lower Miocene locality west of Lake Turkana, Kenya, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 11 3, 378-390 |
| Codrea V., Laslo-Faur A., et al (1991) Gigantic Suid: Listriodon aff. lockharti (Pomel) from the Sarmatian diatomic-tuffaceous complex at Minisu de Sus (Taut, Arad District)., Volcanic tuffs from the Transylvania Basin, Romania, 93-102 |
| Nowak R. M. (1991) Walker's Mammals of the World, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II |
| McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640 |
| Sach V. J., Heizmann E. P. J. (2001) Stratigraphy and mammal faunas of the Brackwassermolasse in the surroundings of Ulm (Southwest Germany), Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 310, 1-95 |
| Thewissen J. G. M, Williams E. M., et al (2001) Skeletons of terrestrial cetaceans and the relationship of whales to artiodactyls, Nature 413, 277-281 |
| Liping L., Fortelius M., et al (2002) New fossil Suidae from Shanwang, Shandong, China, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 1, 152-163 doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0152:NFSFSS]2.0.CO;2 |
| Theodorou G., Athanassiou A., et al (2003) Preliminary remarks on the Late Miocene herbivores of Kerassiá (Northern Euboea, Greece), Deinsea, Distribution and Migration of Tertiary Mammals in Eurasia. A volume in honour of Hans de Bruijn 10, 519-530 |
| Boisserie J.-R., Lihoreau F., et al (2005) The position of Hippopotamidae within Cetartiodactyla, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102 5, 1537-1541 |
| Orliac M. J., Antoine P.-O., et al (2006) The Suoidea (Mammalia, Artiodactyla), exclusive of Listriodontinae, from the early Miocene of Béon 1 (Montréal-du-Gers, Sw France, MN4), Geodiversitas 28 4, 685-718 |
| Agnarsson I., May-Collado L. J. (2008) The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: The importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide reliable species-level phylogenies, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48, 964-985 |
| Spaulding M., O'Leary M. A., et al (2009) Relationships of Cetacea (Artiodactyla) among mammals: Increased taxon sampling alters interpretations of key fossils and character evolution, PloS One 4 9, e7062 |
| Bishop L. C. (2010) Suoidea, Cenozoic Mammals of Africa, 829-850 |
| Boisserie J.-R., Lihoreau F., et al (2010) Morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the earliest known hippopotamids (Cetartiodactyla, Hippopotamidae, Kenyapotaminae), Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 158, 325-266 |
| Geraads D. (2017) Late Miocene large mammals from Mahmutgazi, Denizli province, Western Turkey, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie 284 3, 241-257 doi:10.1127/njgpa/2017/0661 |
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