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Potassium,19K
👁 Image
Potassium pearls (in paraffin oil, ~5mm each)
Potassium
Bigkas /pəˈtæsiəm/​(pə-TASS-ee-əm)
Appearancesilvery white, faint bluish-purple hue when exposed to air
Standard atomic weight Ar°(K)
  • 39.0983±0.0001
  • 39.098±0.001(pinaikli)[1][2]
Potassium sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
 Na
↑
K
↓
Rb
argon ← potassium → calcium
Atomikong bilang (Z)19
Group1
Period4
Block s-block
Electron configuration[Ar] 4s1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 8, 1
Physical properties
Phase atSTPsolido
Melting point336.7K​(63.5°C,​146.3°F)
Boiling point1030.793K​(757.643°C,​1395.757°F)[3]
Density (at20°C)0.8590g/cm3[4]
whenliquid (atm.p.)0.82948g/cm3[3]
Critical point2223K, 16MPa[5]
Heat of fusion2.33kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization76.9kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity29.6J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−1, +1 (isangmatapang na panimulang oksido)
ElectronegativityPaulingscale: 0.82
Ionization energies
  • 1st:418.8kJ/mol
  • 2nd:3052kJ/mol
  • 3rd:4420kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical:227pm
Covalent radius203±12pm
Van der Waals radius275pm
👁 Color lines in a spectral range
Mga linyang espektral ng potassium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordiyal
Crystal structure​body-centered cubic (bcc)(cI2)
Lattice constanta=532.69pm (at20°C)[4]
Thermal expansion77.37×10−6/K (at20°C)[4]
Thermal conductivity102.5W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity72nΩ⋅m(at20°C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[6]
Molar magnetic susceptibility+20.8×10−6cm3/mol(298K)[7]
Young's modulus3.53GPa
Shear modulus1.3GPa
Bulk modulus3.1GPa
Speed of sound thinrod2000m/s(at20°C)
Mohs hardness0.4
Brinell hardness0.363MPa
CAS Number7440-09-7
History
Discovery and first isolationHumphry Davy(1807)
Symbol"K": mula sa Bagong Latin na kalium
Isotopes of potassium
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
39K 93.3% stable
40K 0.0120% 1.248×109y β− 40Ca
ε 40Ar
β+ 40Ar
41K 6.73% stable
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 Kategorya: Potassium
|references

Ang potasyo o potasyum (Espanyol: potasio, Ingles: potassium, may sagisag na K na mula sa kalium [huwag ikalito sa kalyo], may atomikong bilang na 19, atomikong timbang na 39.102, punto ng pagkatunaw na 63.65°C, punto ng pagkulong 774°C, espesipikong grabidad na 0.862, at balensyang 1) ay isang elementong metalikong ginagamit sa paggawa ng mga asing kailangang maisangkap sa abono at sabon. Katangian nito ang pagiging katulad ng pilak, may kalambutan, at madaling sumabog. Si Humphry Davy ang nakatuklas nito noong 1807.[8]

Mga sanggunian

[baguhin | baguhin ang wikitext]
  1. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Potassium" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1979.
  2. ↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN1365-3075.
  3. 1 2 Aitken, F.; Volino, F. (January 2022). "New equations of state describing both the dynamic viscosity and self-diffusion coefficient for potassium and thallium in their fluid phases". Physics of Fluids. 34 (1): 017112. doi:10.1063/5.0079944.
  4. 1 2 3 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN978-1-62708-155-9.
  5. ↑ Haynes, William M., pat. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-92nd (na) labas). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p.4.122. ISBN1-4398-5511-0.
  6. ↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-86th (na) labas). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN0-8493-0486-5.
  7. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp.E110. ISBN0-8493-0464-4.
  8. ↑ Gaboy, Luciano L. Potassium, potasyo, potasyum - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.
Talahanayang peryodiko
H He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
Mga Metal
na Alkali		 Mga Metal
na Alkalina		 Mga Lantanode Mga Aktinode Mga Transisyong
Metal		 Mga Metal
na Umilde		 Mga Metalode Ibang
Di-metal		 Mga Alohino Mga Hanging
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