Analyze SharePoint Data in R via ODBC

Access SharePoint data with pure R script and standard SQL. You can use the CData ODBC Driver for SharePoint and the RODBC package to work with remote SharePoint data in R. By using the CData Driver, you are leveraging a driver written for industry-proven standards to access your data in the popular, open-source R language. This article shows how to use the driver to execute SQL queries to SharePoint data and visualize SharePoint data in R.

Getting Started

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Install R

You can complement the driver's performance gains from multi-threading and managed code by running the multithreaded Microsoft R Open or by running R linked with the BLAS/LAPACK libraries. This article uses Microsoft R Open (MRO).

Connect to SharePoint as an ODBC Data Source

Information for connecting to SharePoint follows, along with different instructions for configuring a DSN in Windows and Linux environments.

Set the URL property to the base SharePoint site or to a sub-site. This allows you to query any lists and other SharePoint entities defined for the site or sub-site.

The User and Password properties, under the Authentication section, must be set to valid SharePoint user credentials when using SharePoint On-Premise.

If you are connecting to SharePoint Online, set the SharePointEdition to SHAREPOINTONLINE along with the User and Password connection string properties. For more details on connecting to SharePoint Online, see the "Getting Started" chapter of the help documentation

When you configure the DSN, you may also want to set the Max Rows connection property. This will limit the number of rows returned, which is especially helpful for improving performance when designing reports and visualizations.

Windows

If you have not already, first specify connection properties in an ODBC DSN (data source name). This is the last step of the driver installation. You can use the Microsoft ODBC Data Source Administrator to create and configure ODBC DSNs.

Linux

If you are installing the CData ODBC Driver for SharePoint in a Linux environment, the driver installation predefines a system DSN. You can modify the DSN by editing the system data sources file (/etc/odbc.ini) and defining the required connection properties.

/etc/odbc.ini

[CData SharePoint Source]
Driver = CData ODBC Driver for SharePoint
Description = My Description
User = myuseraccount
Password = mypassword
Auth Scheme = NTLM
URL = http://sharepointserver/mysite
SharePointEdition = SharePointOnPremise

For specific information on using these configuration files, please refer to the help documentation (installed and found online).

Load the RODBC Package

To use the driver, download the RODBC package. In RStudio, click Tools -> Install Packages and enter RODBC in the Packages box.

After installing the RODBC package, the following line loads the package:

library(RODBC)

Note: This article uses RODBC version 1.3-12. Using Microsoft R Open, you can test with the same version, using the checkpoint capabilities of Microsoft's MRAN repository. The checkpoint command enables you to install packages from a snapshot of the CRAN repository, hosted on the MRAN repository. The snapshot taken Jan. 1, 2016 contains version 1.3-12.

library(checkpoint)
checkpoint("2016-01-01")

Connect to SharePoint Data as an ODBC Data Source

You can connect to a DSN in R with the following line:

conn <- odbcConnect("CData SharePoint Source")

Schema Discovery

The driver models SharePoint APIs as relational tables, views, and stored procedures. Use the following line to retrieve the list of tables:

sqlTables(conn)

Execute SQL Queries

Use the sqlQuery function to execute any SQL query supported by the SharePoint API.

mycustomlist <- sqlQuery(conn, "SELECT Name, Revenue FROM MyCustomList", believeNRows=FALSE, rows_at_time=1)

You can view the results in a data viewer window with the following command:

View(mycustomlist)

Plot SharePoint Data

You can now analyze SharePoint data with any of the data visualization packages available in the CRAN repository. You can create simple bar plots with the built-in bar plot function:

par(las=2,ps=10,mar=c(5,15,4,2))
barplot(mycustomlist$Revenue, main="SharePoint MyCustomList", names.arg = mycustomlist$Name, horiz=TRUE)

👁 A basic bar plot. (Salesforce is shown.)