After Pierre Louis Antoine Cordier (Abbeville, France 31 March 1777 - Paris, France 30 March 1861), French mining engineer and geologist, who first studied this species. He founded microscopic mineralogy and was head of the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Großer Arber, Bayerisch Eisenstein, Regen District, Lower Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany

Dimorph of:

Indialite

The Mg analogue of sekaninaite. Cordierite-Sekaninaite Series.

The hexagonal high-temperature dimorph of cordierite is indialite.

Cordierite is a high- to ultra-high-temperature species.

It is often found altered to pinite.

May be confused with members of the Osumilite Group.

The structure of cordierite and indialite is somewhat similar to that of beryl. As of April 2023 there's a new link between the two, in the form of beryllocordierite-Na and beryllosachanbińskiite-Na, which suggests a possible merge of the two "families" of compounds.

Microporous cordierite (and beryl) may contain some molecular N₂ (Bebout et al., 2016). CO₂, H₂O, argon, and hydrocarbon (e.g., butane) guest-molecules are also found in the mineral's structural channels.

High temperature, low pressure cordierite in pyrometamorphic rocks is characterised by potassium enrichment and abnormal Al/Si ratios (e.g., Schreyer et al., 1990). Potassium is localized in structural channels (e.g., Daniels, 1992).

Presence of argon ("at the centre of large holes") and water (likely attached to walls of large cavities) is described, e.g., by Smith & Schreyer (1962), while aliphatic hydrocarbons (likely dominated by butane, also localized in channels, with molecular axes || b) are reported to occur (in pegmatitic material) by Khomenko and Langer (1999).

👁 Image
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Cordierite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

1128

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1128:6

Similar NamesHide

Corderoite

A valid IMA mineral species

Hg₃²⁺S₂Cl₂

IMA Classification of CordieriteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of CordieriteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

9.CJ.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
J : [Si₆O₁₈]₁₂- 6-membered single rings (sechser-Einfachringe), without insular complex anions

Dana 8th ed.:

61.2.1.1

61 : CYCLOSILICATES Six-Membered Rings
2 : Six-Membered Rings with Al substituted rings

Hey's CIM Ref.:

16.19.2

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
19 : Aluminosilicates of Fe and Mg

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Crd	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Crd	Kretz (1983)	Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
Crd	Siivolam & Schmid (2007)	Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
Crd	Whitney & Evans (2010)	Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
Crd	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019)	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Pronunciation of CordieriteHide

Pronunciation:

Play	Recorded by	Country
Jolyon Ralph	United Kingdom

Physical Properties of CordieriteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous

Transparency:

Transparent, Translucent

Colour:

Grey, blue, blue-violet, greenish, yellowish brown; colourless to very light blue in transmitted light.

Comment:

Charles and others have explained the coloration mechanism of cordierite, stating that its blue color originates from the charge transfer between Fe2+ in the octahedral sites and Fe3+ in the T11 tetrahedral sites. Dudka et al. conducted precise X-ray diffraction analysis on cordierite, identifying the locations of metal cations Na+, H2O, and CO2 within the channels of cordierite. Pollak explained the sites of charge transfer in cordierite by examining the differences between infrared absorption bands along different crystallographic axes, providing a deeper explanation for its polychroism. However, specific studies on the spectral differences between different crystal axes are lacking. Duncan et al. measured the Mössbauer spectra of cordierite single crystals in different directions, determining the positions and occupancy rates of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions, suggesting that the exchange interaction between Fe3+ ions on the T1 sites and the six-fold sites is the source of cordierite’s polychroism. Raphaël et al. evaluated the spectroscopic properties of cordierite through TD-DFT, assessing the simulation of polychroism and the variation of color with different light sources. However, studies on the spectral differences along different crystallographic axes of cordierite and the content ratio of Fe2+ to Fe3+ are still lacking.
The sample’s refractive index and relative density are lower compared to iron cordierite, with an XMg range between 0.79 and 0.96. The Raman spectral characteristics are closer to those of pure Mg-cordierite, indicating that the samples are Mg-cordierite. The cordierite samples contain both Fe2+ and Fe3+ valence states, with an average ratio of 25.55% to 74.45%. The ultraviolet spectral characteristics of cordierite indicate that the difference in the broad absorption band at 584 nm is the key to cordierite’s strong pleochroism (deep purple/light purple/light yellow), caused by charge transfer between Fe2+ in the octahedron and Fe3+ in the tetrahedron. Infrared and Raman spectroscopy results reveal that differences in the Si-O group density in different directions cause variations in the spectral characteristics among the three optical principal axis directions of cordierite, with the greatest difference along the parallel b-axis, while the spectral characteristics of the other two directions are similar. Both infrared and Raman spectroscopy also prove the presence of a certain amount of Type I H2O and a small amount of Type II H2O in Mg-cordierite, with the band intensity of Type II H2O being directly proportional to the sample’s Na content.

Hardness:

7 - 7½ on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

Imperfect/Fair
On {100}, fair; On {001} and {010}, poor.

Fracture:

Sub-Conchoidal

Density:

2.6 - 2.66 g/cm³ (Measured) 2.505 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of CordieriteHide

Type:

Biaxial (-)

RI values:

n_α = 1.527 - 1.56 n_β = 1.532 - 1.574 n_γ = 1.538 - 1.578

2V:

Measured: 75° to 89°, Calculated: 54° to 86°

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.011 - 0.018
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Dispersion:

r < v, weak to marked

Optical Extinction:

X = c; Y = a; Z = b.

Pleochroism:

Strong

Comments:

X = Pale yellow, green; Y = Violet, blue-violet; Z = Light blue.

Comments:

Absorption: Z > Y > X.

Chemistry of CordieriteHide

Mindat Formula:

Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈

Also given as (Mg,Fe)₂Al₃(AlSi₅O₁₈)^.n(H₂O,CO₂,Na⁺,K⁺);
X_0-1(Mg,Fe,Li)₂(Al,Si,Be)₉O₁₈ (X = H₂O, CO₂, Ar, Xe, Na, K); (Mg,Fe)₂Al₃(AlSi₅O₁₈)^.^[Ch]X

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
O	49.233 %
Si	24.007 %
Al	18.450 %
Mg	8.310 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Al, Mg, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Mn,Fe,Ti,Ca,Na,K

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:

	1	2	3
SiO₂	49.63 %	49.73 %	49.71 %
Al₂O₃	34.40 %	33.42 %	33.56 %
Fe₂O₃	0.23 %
FeO	1.53 %	1.18 %	3.98 %
MgO	12.77 %	12.86 %	11.67 %
CaO	0.61 %
Na₂O	0.30 %	0.26 %	0.03 %
H₂O+	0.34 %
H₂O	1.96 %
CO₂	0.17 %
Total:	99.81 %	99.58 %	98.95 %

Empirical formulas:

Sample ID	Empirical Formula
3	(Mg_1.74 Fe_0.33)Al_3.97Si_4.98O₁₈

Sample references:

ID	Locality	Reference	Notes
1	Ianakafy, Ianakafy, Betroka District, Anosy, Madagascar	v. Knorring, O., Sahama, Th.G., Lehtinen, M. (1969) Kornerupine-bearing gneiss from Inanakafy near Betroka, Madagascar. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland, 41. 79-84 doi:10.17741/bgsf/41.008
2	Bjordammen, Bamble, Telemark, Norway	Visser, Diederik, Senior, Antony (1991) Mg-rich dumortierite in cordierite-orthoamphibole-bearing rocks from the high-grade Bamble Sector, south Norway. Mineralogical Magazine, 55 (381) 563-577 doi:10.1180/minmag.1991.055.381.09	H2O + CO2 determined by wet chemical methods on mlneral separates.
3	Kosavankovilpatti, Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, India	Yadav, Roopali; Prakash, Divya; Kumar Rai, Swapnil; K. Yadav, Manoj; Kumar Singh, Pradip; Jaiswal, Srishti (2021) Decompression Textures in Garnet–Cordierite Gneiss from Kosavankovilpatti, Southern India: Constraints from Reaction Textures and Phase Equilibria Modelling. Geologica Carpathica, 72 (4). doi:10.31577/geolcarp.72.4.1	cordierite from a granulite facies cordierite-garnet gneiss. EMPA analysis.

Crystallography of CordieriteHide

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic

Class (H-M):

mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal

Space Group:

Cccm

Setting:

Cccm

Cell Parameters:

a = 17.079(3) Å, b = 9.730(2) Å, c = 9.356(2) Å

Ratio:

a:b:c = 1.755 : 1 : 0.962

Unit Cell V:

1,554.77 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Crystals short prismatic, striated parallel to [001]. Commonly granular to compact, massive.

Twinning:

Common on {110} and {130}, simple, lamellar, and cyclical.

Crystallographic forms of CordieriteHide

Crystal Atlas:

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Cordierite no.7 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

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Cordierite no.30 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0017555	Cordierite	Sokol E V, Seryotkin Y V, Bul'bak T A (2010) Na-Li-Be-rich cordierite from the Murzinka pegmatite field, Middle Urals, Russia European Journal of Mineralogy 22 565-575	2010	Murzinka pegmatite field, MIddle Ural Mountains, Russia	0	293
0007383	Cordierite	Koepke J, Schulz H (1986) Single crystal structure investigations under high-pressure of the mineral cordierite with an improved high-pressure cell Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 165-173	1986	Zabargad island, Red Sea	0	293
0000769	Cordierite	Wallace J H, Wenk H R (1980) Structure variation in low cordierites American Mineralogist 65 96-111	👁 Image	1980	contact of Bergell granite, Switzerland	0	293
0000768	Cordierite	Wallace J H, Wenk H R (1980) Structure variation in low cordierites American Mineralogist 65 96-111	👁 Image	1980	SW Mte. Rosso, Bergell Alps, Switzerland	0	293
0000767	Cordierite	Wallace J H, Wenk H R (1980) Structure variation in low cordierites American Mineralogist 65 96-111	👁 Image	1980	Vallun Trubinasca, Bergell Alps, Switzerland	0	293
0000766	Cordierite	Wallace J H, Wenk H R (1980) Structure variation in low cordierites American Mineralogist 65 96-111	👁 Image	1980	Debris SW Cap Brasca, Bergell Alps, Switzerland	0	293
0000765	Cordierite	Wallace J H, Wenk H R (1980) Structure variation in low cordierites American Mineralogist 65 96-111	👁 Image	1980	Alpe Lera Sura, Bergell Alps, Switzerland	0	293
0000764	Cordierite	Wallace J H, Wenk H R (1980) Structure variation in low cordierites American Mineralogist 65 96-111	👁 Image	1980	Passo di Mello, Bergell Alps, Switzerland	0	293
0000763	Cordierite	Wallace J H, Wenk H R (1980) Structure variation in low cordierites American Mineralogist 65 96-111	👁 Image	1980	Passo di Mello, Bergell Alps, Switzerland	0	293
0007384	Cordierite	Koepke J, Schulz H (1986) Single crystal structure investigations under high-pressure of the mineral cordierite with an improved high-pressure cell Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 165-173	1986	Zabargad island, Red Sea	0.3	293
0007385	Cordierite	Koepke J, Schulz H (1986) Single crystal structure investigations under high-pressure of the mineral cordierite with an improved high-pressure cell Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 165-173	1986	Zabargad island, Red Sea	0.9	293
0007386	Cordierite	Koepke J, Schulz H (1986) Single crystal structure investigations under high-pressure of the mineral cordierite with an improved high-pressure cell Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 165-173	1986	Zabargad island, Red Sea	1.2	293
0007388	Cordierite	Koepke J, Schulz H (1986) Single crystal structure investigations under high-pressure of the mineral cordierite with an improved high-pressure cell Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 165-173	1986	Zabargad island, Red Sea	2.2	293
0007387	Cordierite	Koepke J, Schulz H (1986) Single crystal structure investigations under high-pressure of the mineral cordierite with an improved high-pressure cell Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 165-173	1986	Zabargad island, Red Sea	2.3	293
0000708	Cordierite	Hochella M F, Brown G E, Ross F K, Gibbs G V (1979) High-temperature crystal chemistry of hydrous Mg- and Fe-cordierite American Mineralogist 64 337-351	👁 Image	1979	0	297
0002610	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	293
0002609	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	293
0002608	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	293
0002607	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	293
0002606	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	293
0002605	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	293
0002495	Cordierite	Geiger C A, Armbruster T, Khomenko V, Quartieri S (2000) Cordierite I: The coordination of Fe2+ American Mineralogist 85 1255-1264	👁 Image	2000	0	293
0002494	Cordierite	Geiger C A, Armbruster T, Khomenko V, Quartieri S (2000) Cordierite I: The coordination of Fe2+ American Mineralogist 85 1255-1264	👁 Image	2000	0	293
0002493	Cordierite	Geiger C A, Armbruster T, Khomenko V, Quartieri S (2000) Cordierite I: The coordination of Fe2+ American Mineralogist 85 1255-1264	👁 Image	2000	0	293
0007857	Cordierite	Schwartz K B, Leong D B, McConville R L (1994) Structural chemistry of synthetic cordierite: evidence for solid solutions and disordered compositional domains in Bi-flux-grown Mg-cordierites Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 563-574	1994	0	293
0007856	Cordierite	Schwartz K B, Leong D B, McConville R L (1994) Structural chemistry of synthetic cordierite: evidence for solid solutions and disordered compositional domains in Bi-flux-grown Mg-cordierites Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 563-574	1994	0	293
0007854	Cordierite	Schwartz K B, Leong D B, McConville R L (1994) Structural chemistry of synthetic cordierite: evidence for solid solutions and disordered compositional domains in Bi-flux-grown Mg-cordierites Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 563-574	1994	0	293
0001020	Cordierite	Armbruster T (1986) Role of Na in the structure of low-cordierite: A single-crystal X-ray study American Mineralogist 71 746-757	👁 Image	1986	0	293
0001019	Cordierite	Armbruster T (1986) Role of Na in the structure of low-cordierite: A single-crystal X-ray study American Mineralogist 71 746-757	👁 Image	1986	0	293
0001018	Cordierite	Armbruster T (1986) Role of Na in the structure of low-cordierite: A single-crystal X-ray study American Mineralogist 71 746-757	👁 Image	1986	0	293
0001017	Cordierite	Armbruster T (1986) Role of Na in the structure of low-cordierite: A single-crystal X-ray study American Mineralogist 71 746-757	👁 Image	1986	0	293
0007368	Cordierite	Armbruster T (1985) Ar, N2, CO2 in the structural cavities of cordierite, an optical and X-ray single-crystal study Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 12 233-245	1985	0	293
0007367	Cordierite	Armbruster T (1985) Ar, N2, CO2 in the structural cavities of cordierite, an optical and X-ray single-crystal study Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 12 233-245	1985	0	293
0007366	Cordierite	Armbruster T (1985) Ar, N2, CO2 in the structural cavities of cordierite, an optical and X-ray single-crystal study Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 12 233-245	1985	0	293
0007365	Cordierite	Armbruster T (1985) Ar, N2, CO2 in the structural cavities of cordierite, an optical and X-ray single-crystal study Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 12 233-245	1985	0	293
0000556	Cordierite	Cohen J P, Ross F K, Gibbs G V (1977) An X-Ray and neutron diffraction study of hydrous low cordierite American Mineralogist 62 67-78	👁 Image	1977	0	293
0000149	Cordierite	Gibbs G V (1966) The polymorphism of cordierite I: The crystal structure of low cordierite American Mineralogist 51 1068-1087	👁 Image	1966	0	293
0000706	Cordierite	Hochella M F, Brown G E, Ross F K, Gibbs G V (1979) High-temperature crystal chemistry of hydrous Mg- and Fe-cordierite American Mineralogist 64 337-351	👁 Image	1979	0	648
0000707	Cordierite	Hochella M F, Brown G E, Ross F K, Gibbs G V (1979) High-temperature crystal chemistry of hydrous Mg- and Fe-cordierite American Mineralogist 64 337-351	👁 Image	1979	0	1048
0002618	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	1173
0002617	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	1173
0002616	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	1173
0002615	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	1173
0002614	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	1173
0002613	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	1173
0002612	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	1173
0002611	Cordierite	Malcherek T, Domeneghetti M C, Tazzoli V, Ottolini L, McCammon C A, Carpenter M A (2001) Structural properties of ferromagnesian cordierites American Mineralogist 86 66-79	👁 Image	2001	0	1173

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
8.45 Å	(100)
8.52 Å	(95)
3.039 Å	(65)
3.035 Å	(65)
3.132 Å	(55)
3.012 Å	(55)
4.09 Å	(50)

Comments:

Synthetic

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration	4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases	4.566-4.560
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust	>4.50
8 : Mafic igneous rocks
10 : Basalt-hosted zeolite minerals
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust	>4.4-3.0
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks
Near-surface Processes
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks	>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics	<3.5-2.5
41 : Mantle metasomatism
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere	<0.6
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals	<0.36
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals	<10 Ka
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56)

Geological Setting:

Thermally metamorphosed argillaceous sedimentary rocks; high-grade regionally metamorphosed schists, gneisses, and granulites; also in mafic igneous rocks and granites.

Type Occurrence of CordieriteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Großer Arber, Bayerisch Eisenstein, Regen District, Lower Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany

Synonyms of CordieriteHide

Dichroite

Esmarkite (of Berzelius)

Hard Fahlunite

Jolite

Lazulith (of von Schlotheim)

Other Language Names for CordieriteHide

Basque:Kordierita

Dutch:Cordieriet

Farsi/Persian:کوردیریت

Finnish:Kordieriitti

French:Cordiérite

German:Cordierit
Dichroit
Iolit
Iolith
Jolit
Lazulith (of van Schlotheim)
Steinheilit
Wassersaphir

Hebrew:קורדיאריט

Italian:Cordierite

Japanese:菫青石

Polish:Kordieryt

Russian:Кордиерит

Simplified Chinese:堇青石
董青石

Spanish:Cordierita
Dichroita
Iolita
Jolita
Steinheilita

Turkish:İyolit

Ukrainian:Кордієрит

Varieties of CordieriteHide

Iolite

Name for gem-grade, violet-blue cordierite.

Relationship of Cordierite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Cordierite Group > Beryl Supergroup

Other Members of Cordierite Group:

Ferroindialite	(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc
Indialite	Mg₂Al₃(AlSi₅O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc
Sachanbińskiite	NaMn₄(Al₅Be)(AlSi₅O₁₈)₂ · 2H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm
Sekaninaite	Fe²⁺₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm

Forms a series with:

Sekaninaite

Cordierite-Sekaninaite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

75 photos of Cordierite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
15 photos of Cordierite associated with Almandine	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
14 photos of Cordierite associated with Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
14 photos of Cordierite associated with Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
14 photos of Cordierite associated with Mullite	Al_4+2xSi_2-2xO_10-x
12 photos of Cordierite associated with Hematite	Fe₂O₃
11 photos of Cordierite associated with 'Chlorophyllite'
10 photos of Cordierite associated with Rutile	TiO₂
10 photos of Cordierite associated with Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
9 photos of Cordierite associated with 'Pinite'

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.CJ.	Zolotarevite	Na₅Zr[Si₆O₁₅(OH)₃] · 3H₂O	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.CJ.	'Avdeevite'	NaAl₄(Be₅Li)(Si₆O₁₈)₂(H₂O)_1-2	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc
9.CJ.	'Beryllocordierite-Na'	NaMg₄(Al₅Be)(AlSi₅O₁₈)₂ · 2H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm
9.CJ.	Sachanbińskiite	NaMn₄(Al₅Be)(AlSi₅O₁₈)₂ · 2H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm
9.CJ.	Nakkaalaaqite	K₂[Na₃Ca]LiCa₂Ti₂Be₄Si₁₂O₃₈	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Fddd
9.CJ.05	Johnkoivulaite-(Cs)	Cs[Be₂B]Mg₂Si₆O₁₈	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05	Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05	Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05	Ferroindialite	(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05 va	'Vorobyevite'	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
9.CJ.05	Stoppaniite	Be₃Fe³⁺₂(Si₆O₁₈) · H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05	Indialite	Mg₂Al₃(AlSi₅O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.10	Sekaninaite	Fe²⁺₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm
9.CJ.15a	Zirsinalite	Na₆(Ca,Mn²⁺,Fe²⁺)Zr(Si₆O₁₈)	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.CJ.15a	Kapustinite	Na₆ZrSi₆O₁₆(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CJ.15a	Townendite	Na₈ZrSi₆O₁₈	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.CJ.15a	Combeite	Na_4.5Ca_3.5Si₆O_17.5(OH)_0.5	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.CJ.15a	Kazakovite	Na₆Mn²⁺Ti(Si₆O₁₈)	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
9.CJ.15a	Tisinalite	Na₃H₃(Mn,Ca,Fe)TiSi₆(O,OH)₁₈ · 2H₂O	Trig. 3m(32/m)
9.CJ.15a	Lovozerite	Na₂Ca(Zr,Ti)(Si₆O₁₂)[(OH)₄O₂] · H₂O	Trig. 3 : R3
9.CJ.15a	Litvinskite	Na₂(◻,Na,Mn)ZrSi₆O₁₂(OH,O)₆	Mon. m : Bm
9.CJ.15c	Koashvite	Na₆(Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)Si₆O₁₈ · H₂O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.CJ.15b	Imandrite	Na₁₂Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(Si₆O₁₈)₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.CJ.25	Baratovite	KCa₇(Ti,Zr)₂Li₃Si₁₂O₃₆F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.CJ.25	Aleksandrovite	KCa₇Sn₂Li₃Si₁₂O₃₆F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.CJ.25	Katayamalite	KLi₃Ca₇Ti₂(SiO₃)₁₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.CJ.30	Dioptase	CuSiO₃ · H₂O	Trig. 3 : R3
9.CJ.35	Kostylevite	K₂Zr(Si₃O₉) · H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.CJ.40	Petarasite	Na₅Zr₂(Si₆O₁₈)(Cl,OH) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
9.CJ.45	Gerenite-(Y)	(Ca,Na)₂(Y,REE)₃Si₆O₁₈ · 2H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.CJ.50	Odintsovite	K₂Na₄Ca₃Ti₂Be₄Si₁₂O₃₈	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Fddd
9.CJ.55	Mathewrogersite	Pb₇FeAl₃GeSi₁₂O₃₆(OH,H₂O)₆	Trig.
9.CJ.60	Pezzottaite-(Cs)	Cs(Be₂Li)Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Trig. 3 : R3

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Cordierite in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

Internet Links for CordieriteHide

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

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References for CordieriteHide

Reference List:

Rutherford, Ralph L. (1933) Optically positive cordierite from the Northwest Territories, Canada. American Mineralogist, 18 (5) 216

Conant, L. C. (1935) Optically positive cordierite from New Hampshire. American Mineralogist, 20 (4) 310

Rutherford, Ralph L. (1936) Optically positive cordierite in the Kisseyenew gneiss at Sherridon, Manitoba. American Mineralogist, 21 (6) 386-387

Folinsbee, Robert E. (1941) Optic properties of cordierite in relation to alkalies in the cordierite-beryl structure. American Mineralogist, 26 (8) 485-500

Shand, S. J. (1943) Notes on cordierite: (A) Cordierite crystals from a glass furnace; (B) Cordierite from Horns Nek, Transvaal. American Mineralogist, 28 (6) 391-395

Venkatesh, V. (1952) Development and growth of cordierite in para-lavas. American Mineralogist, 37 (9-10) 831-848

Venkatesh, V. (1954) Twinning in cordierite. American Mineralogist, 39 (7-8) 636-646

Miyashiro, A., Iiyama, T., Miyashiro, T., Yamasaki, M. (1955) The polymorphism of cordierite and indialite. American Journal of Science, 253 (4) 185-208 doi:10.2475/ajs.253.4.185

Miyashiro, A. (1957) Cordierite-indialite relations. American Journal of Science, 255 (1) 43-62 doi:10.2475/ajs.255.1.43

Smith, J. V., Schreyer, W. (1962) Location of argon and water in cordierite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 33 (258) 226-236 doi:10.1180/minmag.1962.033.258.05

Gibbs, G. V. (1966) The polymorphism of cordierite I: The crystal structure of low cordierite. American Mineralogist, 51 (7) 1068-1087

Langer, K.; Schreyer, W. (1969) Infrared and powder X-ray diffraction studies on the polymorphism of cordierite Mg2(Al4Si5O18). American Mineralogist, 54 (9-10). 1442-1459

Seifert, F.; Schreyer, W. (1970) Lower temperature stability limit of Mg cordierite in the range 1-7 kb water pressure: A redetermination. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 27 (3). 225-238 doi:10.1007/bf00385779

Velde, Bruce (1973) Phase Equilibria in the System MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-H₂O: Chlorites and Associated Minerals. Mineralogical Magazine, 39 (303) 297-312 doi:10.1180/minmag.1973.039.303.06

Stout, James H. (1975) Apparent effects of molecular water on the lattice geometry of cordierite. American Mineralogist, 60 (3-4) 229-234

Stout, James H. (1976) Apparent effects of molecular water on the lattice geometry of cordierite: a reply. American Mineralogist, 61 (9-10) 1041-1044

Cohen, Janet P., Ross, Fred K., Gibbs, G. V. (1977) An X-ray and neutron diffraction study of hydrous low cordierite. American Mineralogist, 62 (1-2) 67-78

Hochella, Michael F., Brown, Gordon E., Ross, Fred K., Gibbs, G. V. (1979) High-temperature crystal chemistry of hydrous Mg- and Fe-cordierites. American Mineralogist, 64 (3-4) 337-351

Putnis, A. (1980) The distortion index in anhydrous Mg-Cordierite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 74 (2) 135-141 doi:10.1007/bf01131999

Armbruster, Thomas, Bloss, F. D. (1981) Mg-cordierite: Si/Al ordering, optical properties, and distortion. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 77 (4) 332-336 doi:10.1007/bf00371562

Armbruster, Th., Schreyer, W., Hoefs, J. (1982) Very high CO2 cordierite from Norwegian Lapland: Mineralogy, petrology, and carbon isotopes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 81 (4) 262-267 doi:10.1007/bf00371680

Armbruster, Th.; Irouschek, A. (1983) Cordierites from the Lepontine Alps: Na + Be → Al substitution, gas content, cell parameters, and optics. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82 (4). 389-396 doi:10.1007/bf00399715

Richet, Pascal, Bottinga, Yan (1984) Anorthite, andesine, wollastonite, diopside, cordierite and pyrope: thermodynamics of melting, glass transitions, and properties of the amorphous phases. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 67 (3) 415-432 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(84)90179-1

Putnis, Andrew; Fyfe, Colin A.; Gobbi, Gian C. (1985) Al,Si ordering on cordierite using "magic angle spinning" NMR. I. Si29 spectra of synthetic cordierites. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 12 (4). 211-216 doi:10.1007/bf00311290

Putnis, Andrew; Angel, Ross J. (1985) Al, Si ordering in cordierite using "magic angle spinning" NMR. II: models of aluminum-silicon order from NMR data. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 12 (4). 217-222 doi:10.1007/bf00311291

Armbruster, T. (1986) Role of Na in the structure of low-cordierite: A single-crystal X-ray study. American Mineralogist 71, 746-757.

Schreyer, W. (1986) The Mineral Cordierite: Structure Reactions in the Presence of Fluid Phases. Berichte der Bunsen-Gesellschaft für Physikalische Chemie: 90: 748-755.

Putnis, Andrew, Salje, Ekhard, Redfern, Simon A. T., Fyfe, Colin A., Strobl, Harald (1987) Structural states of Mg-cordierite I: Order parameters from synchrotron X-ray and NMR data. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 14 (5) 446-454 doi:10.1007/bf00628822

Bhattacharya, A., Mazumdar, A. C., Sen, S. K. (1988) Fe-Mg mixing in cordierite: Constraints from natural data and implications for cordierite-garnet geothermometry in granulites. American Mineralogist, 73 (3-4) 338-344

Güttler, Bernd; Salje, Ekhard; Putnis, Andrew (1989) Structural states of Mg cordierite III: Infrared spectroscopy and the nature of the hexagonal-modulated transition. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 16 (4). 365-373 doi:10.1007/bf00199557

Redfern, S. A. T., Salje, E., Maresch, W., Schreyer, W. (1989) X-ray powder-diffraction and infrared study of the hexagonal to orthorhombic phase transition in K-bearing cordierite. American Mineralogist, 74 (11-12) 1293-1299

Schreyer, W.; Maresch, W. V.; Daniels, P.; Wolfsdorff, P. (1990) Potassic cordierites: characteristic minerals for high-temperature, very low-pressure environments. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 105 (2). 162-172 doi:10.1007/bf00678983

Daniels, Peter (1992) Structural effects of the incorporation of large radius alkalis in high cordierite. American Mineralogist, 77 (3-4) 407-411

Daniels, P. and Gies, H. (1992) NMR-spectroscopy of synthetic potassium-bearing cordierites. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 18: 383-388.

Daniels, P., Maresch, W. V., Schreyer, W., Sahl, K. (1992) Electron optical and X-ray powder diffraction study of synthetic and natural potassic cordierites. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 111 (4) 484-492 doi:10.1007/bf00320903

Kihle, Jan (1993) Cordieritt-Bamble-sektorens gåtefulle blå mineral, in Telemark I. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 20 (2) 88-94

Wunder, B., Daniels, P., Schreyer, W., and Sahl, K. (1993) Röntgenographische Untersuchungen zum metastabilen Hoch/Tief-Transformationsverhalten synthetischer Cordierite.

Carrington, D. P.; Harley, S. L. (1996) Cordierite as a monitor of fluid and melt H2O contents in the lower crust: An experimental calibration. Geology, 24 (7). 647-650 doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0647:caamof>2.3.co;2

Khomenko, Vladimir M.; Langer, Klaus (1999) Aliphatic hydrocarbons in structural channels of cordierite: A first evidence from polarized single-crystal IR-absorption spectroscopy. American Mineralogist, 84 (7-8). 1181-1185 doi:10.2138/am-1999-7-822

Simandl, G.J., Marshall, D., and Laird, J. (1999) Gem-quality Cordierite Deposits, Slocan Valley, British Columbia (NTS 82F/12E). British Columbia Geological Survey Geological Fieldwork 1999, Paper 2000-1: 349-358

Geiger, Charles A., Rager, Helmut, Czank, Michael (2000) Cordierite III: the site occupation and concentration of Fe3+. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 140 (3) 344-352 doi:10.1007/s004100000194

Kolesov, B.A., Geiger, C.A. (2000) Cordierite II: The role of CO2 and H2O. American Mineralogist, 85 (9). 1265-1274 doi:10.2138/am-2000-8-919

Geiger, Charles A., Armbruster, Thomas, Khomenko, Vladimir, Quartieri, Simona (2000) Cordierite I: The coordination of Fe2+. American Mineralogist, 85 (9) 1255-1264 doi:10.2138/am-2000-8-918

(2001) Cordierite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Taran, Michael N., Rossman, George R. (2001) Optical spectroscopic study of tuhualite and a re-examination of the beryl, cordierite, and osumilite spectra. American Mineralogist, 86 (9) 973-980 doi:10.2138/am-2001-8-903

Ogiermann, Jörn C. (2002) Cordierite and its retrograde breakdown products as monitors of fluid-rock interaction during retrograde path metamorphism: case studies in the Schwarzwald and the Bayerische Wald (Variscan belt, Germany). Dissertation submitted to the Combined Faculties for the Natural Sciences and for Mathematics of the Ruperto-Carola University of Heidelberg, Germany for the degree of Doctor of Natural Sciences. 199 pages.

Tamborenea, S., Mazzoni, A.D., Aglietti, E.F. (2004) Mechanochemical activation of minerals on the cordierite synthesis. Thermochimica Acta, 411. 219-224 doi:10.1016/j.tca.2003.08.017

Ganesha, A.V., Basavalingu, B., Tareen, J.A.K., and Pasha, M.A. (2004) Breakdown of synthetic potassic cordierite at low P-T conditions. Current Science: 87(1): 104-108.

Bertoldi, Christian, Proyer, Alexander, Garbe-Schönberg, Dieter, Behrens, Harald, Dachs, Edgar (2004) Comprehensive chemical analyses of natural cordierites: implications for exchange mechanisms. Lithos, 78 (4) 389-409 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2004.07.003

Yakubovich, O. V., Massa, V., Pekov, I. V., Gavrilenko, P. G., Chukanov, N. V. (2004) Crystal structure of the Na-, Ca-, Be-cordierite and crystallochemical regularities in the cordierite—sekaninaite series. Crystallography Reports, 49 (6) 953-963 doi:10.1134/1.1828139

Rahmoun, Nouri-Saïd (2006) Volatile in Cordierit - FT-IR-spektroskopische und thermoanalytische Untersuchungen. PhD thesis, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel.

Kaindl, Reinhard, Tropper, Peter, Deibl, Irene (2006) A semi-quantitative technique for determination of CO2 in cordierite by Raman spectroscopy in thin sections. European Journal of Mineralogy, 18 (3) 331-335 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2006/0018-0331

Ventura, Giancarlo Della, Radica, Francesco, Bellatreccia, Fabio, Cavallo, Andrea, Capitelli, Francesco, Harley, Simon (2012) Quantitative analysis of H2O and CO2 in cordierite using polarized FTIR spectroscopy. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 164 (5) 881-894 doi:10.1007/s00410-012-0779-8

Miletich, R., Scheidl, K. S., Schmitt, M., Moissl, A. P., Pippinger, T., Gatta, G. D., Schuster, B., Trautmann, C. (2014) Static elasticity of cordierite I: Effect of heavy ion irradiation on the compressibility of hydrous cordierite. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 41 (8) 579-591 doi:10.1007/s00269-014-0671-3

Hövelmann, J.; Austrheim, H.; Putnis, A. (2014) Cordierite formation during the experimental reaction of plagioclase with Mg-rich aqueous solutions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 168 (3). 1-13 doi:10.1007/s00410-014-1063-x

Zwaan, J.C., Pezzotta, F., Rossman, G.R. (2016) Orange-red to yellowish brown cordierite from Madagascar. The Journal of Gemmology 35, 8-9.

Bebout, Gray E., Lazzeri, Kris E., Geiger, Charles A. (2016) Pathways for nitrogen cycling in Earth’s crust and upper mantle: A review and new results for microporous beryl and cordierite. American Mineralogist, 101 (1) 7-24 doi:10.2138/am-2016-5363

Bruno, Giovanni, Vogel, Sven C. (2017) Simultaneous determination of high-temperature crystal structure and texture of synthetic porous cordierite. Journal of Applied Crystallography, 50 (3). 749-762 doi:10.1107/s160057671700406x

de Roever, Emond W. F.; Harley, Simon L.; Huizenga, Jan M. (2023) Primary cordierite with > 2.5 wt% CO2 from the UHT Bakhuis Granulite Belt, Surinam: CO2 fluid phase saturation during ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 178 (4). 26 doi:10.1007/s00410-023-02003-1

[1]Yan, Wenjie; Zhou, Zhiyi; Rao, Yinghua; Guo, Qingfeng (2024) Gemological Characteristics of Blue-Violet Cordierite. Crystals, 14 (7). 637 doi:10.3390/cryst14070637

Localities for CordieriteHide

Showing 1,397 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 👁 Image
symbol to view information about a locality. The 👁 Image
symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

👁 Image
- This locality has map coordinates listed. 👁 Image
- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 👁 Image
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 👁 Image
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Afghanistan
Badakhshan Kuran wa Munjan District Sar-e-Sang ⓘ White Schist occurrence	Deer (1978)
Algeria
Béjaïa Province Amizour District ⓘ Tizi-Ouchen	van Bergen (1980)
In Guezzam Province In Guezzam District Laouni ⓘ Orthopyroxenite outcrop	C. Lemanski (re-entry lost Mindat data)
Skikda Province Collo District Cheraia ⓘ Kef Cheraya	Eur. J. Mineral.
Tamanrasset Province (Tamanghasset Province) In Ouzzal ⓘ Khanfous	M. Guiraud
Andorra
Canillo ⓘ Coma de Ransol	L Puech Litostratigrafia del ...
Antarctica
East Antarctica ⓘ Adélie Land	Pelletier et al. (2002) +1 other reference
ⓘ Débarquement Rock	Godard et al. (2017)
ⓘ Enderby Land	Grew (1982)
Edward VIII Bay ⓘ Oygarden Islands	Journal of Petrology et al. (7)
ⓘ Napier Complex	gsa.confex.com (n.d.)
ⓘ Casey Bay	Grew (1981) +1 other reference
Khmara Bay ⓘ "Christmas Point" pegmatite	Grew (1981) +1 other reference
Tula Mountains Amundsen Bay ⓘ Bunt Island	Osanai; Yasuhito; Toyoshima; Tsuyoshi; Owada; Masaaki (2001)
Mount Pardoe ⓘ Mount Pardoe pegmatite	Baba et al. (2000) +1 other reference
ⓘ Dungey Mountain	Grew (1982)
ⓘ Gage Ridge	Grew (1982)
ⓘ Hardy Mountain	Grew (1982)
Mt. Riiser-Larsen ⓘ Northern face	Motoyoshi et al. (1989)
Mac Robertson Land ⓘ Mawson Station	McKie (1963)
ⓘ Rayner Complex	Eur. J. Mineral.
ⓘ Mather Peninsula	HARLEY (1998)
Princess Elizabeth Land Ingrid Christensen Coast Prydz Bay ⓘ Larsemann Hills	Eur. J. Mineral. +1 other reference
ⓘ Seal Cove	Carson et al. (1995)
ⓘ Stornes Peninsula	Laixi Tong et al. (1997)
ⓘ Johnston Firth	Grew et al. (2006)
Queen Maud Land Lützow-Holm Bay East Ongul Island Showa Station ⓘ Granulite outcrop	Hiroi et al. (2010)
ⓘ Steingarden area	Schlüter et al. (2011)
Victoria Land Terra Nova Bay ⓘ Terra Nova Bay Area	Kim et al. (2021)
Wilkes Land Clark Peninsula ⓘ Manganese lens	Plimer et al. (1983)
ⓘ Wilkes Station	AmMin 44:439
Queen Mary Coast ⓘ Bunger Hills	Eur. J. Mineral. +2 other references
West Antarctica Antarctic Peninsula Palmer Land ⓘ Merrick Mountains	Edited by Rowley +1 other reference
Argentina
Córdoba Province Calamuchita Department Río de Los Sauces District ⓘ Cerro Áspero mining district	MUTTI
Sierra de Córdoba ⓘ El Pilón complex	Rapela et al. (2002)
ⓘ Cerro Negro quarry	Rapela et al. (2002)
ⓘ Tamain quarries	Rapela et al. (2002)
La Rioja Province Arauco department ⓘ Villa Mazán	FERNANDEZ +1 other reference
Río Negro Province Valcheta Department ⓘ San Lorenzo Mine	[var: Iolite] Herrmann et al. (2007)
ⓘ Tucumán Province	Raúl Jorge Tauber Larry +1 other reference
ⓘ Tafí del Valle Department	Raúl Jorge Tauber Larry
Colalao del Valle Cerro Lomas Coloradas Estancia Anchilla ⓘ Estancia Anchilla Pegmatite District	Raúl J. Tauber Larry (2012)
ⓘ San Fenancio Mine	R. J. Tauber Larry (2012) +1 other reference
Australia
New South Wales Beresford Co. ⓘ Cooma	Pidgeon et al. (1965)
Bligh Co. ⓘ Tallawang magnetite deposit	Preliminary sulphur isotopes report. In ... +1 other reference
Durham Co. ⓘ Ravensworth	Hensen et al. (1979)
Georgiana Co. Burraga ⓘ Lucky Draw Mine	Sheppard et al. (1995)
Killara Co. ⓘ Cuttaburra prospect	Armistead et al. (2017)
Roxburgh Co. ⓘ Walang	Lawrence (1958) +1 other reference
Sandon Co. Hillgrove ⓘ Garibaldi Mine	Gilligan et al. (1992)
ⓘ Silver Valley Black lode	Gilligan et al. (1992)
Northern Territory Central Desert Region Alcoota Station ⓘ Unnamed kornerupine locations	Warren et al. (1983)
Harts Range (Harts Ranges; Hartz Range; Hartz Ranges) Ambalindum Station ⓘ Coggan Bore	Personal collecting
ⓘ Huckitta Bore (Huckitta Well)	Personal collecting
ⓘ Entia Valley	NT mines Dept + personal collecting
Mount Mabel ⓘ Oonagalabi Prospect	Warren et al. (1974)
Spriggs Creek Bore (Spriggs Bore) ⓘ 'Western Diggings' Iolite Deposit	[var: Iolite] Thompson (ed.)
ⓘ Shaw's Iolite Deposit	[var: Iolite] Thompson (ed.)
Huckitta Station ⓘ Mount Mary
Jervois Station Jervois Range ⓘ Green Parrot Mine	Robertson (1959)
ⓘ Marshall Attutra	Robertson (1959)
ⓘ Reward Mine (Reward lead; Hanlon's Reward)	Robertson (1959)
ⓘ Mount Stafford	Am Min 93:283-299 +1 other reference
ⓘ Reynolds Range	Vry (1994)
ⓘ Strangways Range	Geology : Vol. 25
ⓘ Coles Hill Prospect (Red Rock Bore)	Warne (1995)
ⓘ Edwards Creek Prospect	Anderson (1993)
ⓘ Harry Creek Prospect (Harry Bore; Snake Well; Baldissera's Prospect; Iona)	Wilson (1977)
ⓘ Johannsen's Phlogopite Mine	Wilson (1977)
ⓘ Yambah Station	Wilson (1977)
Willowra ⓘ Waldron's Hill Gold Prospect (Munjupanji)	www.anu.edu.au (n.d.)
Roper Gulf Region ⓘ Mount Todd Gold Mine	Hein (1994)
Victoria-Daly Region Grove Hill ⓘ Mount Bonnie Mine	McNeill (1973)
Queensland City of Mount Isa ⓘ May Downs Station	Ryan Eagle
Mount Isa ⓘ Mount Novit Zn-Pb-Ag deposit	[var: Iolite] Cave et al. (2022)
Cloncurry Shire Cloncurry ⓘ Ernest Henry Cu-Au deposit (Ernest Henry Mine)	Williams et al. (2005)
Kuridala Roxmere Station ⓘ Snake Creek	Rubenach et al. (2002)
Rosebud Station ⓘ Rosebud Mine	Collection - Ryan Eagle
Etheridge Shire ⓘ Balcooma Mine	Harvey (1989)
Mareeba Shire Petford ⓘ Sunnymount Mine	- (1998)
South Australia District Council of Mount Barker ⓘ Brukunga Quarry
Mid Murray Council Palmer ⓘ Tungkillo area	R Bottrill collection
Pastoral Unincorporated Area Arkaroola (Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary; Arkaroola Station) Mount Painter area ⓘ Corundum Mine	Noble et al. (1983)
Coober Pedy ⓘ Cairn Hill mine	Yu et al. (2024)
Mobella Station ⓘ Challenger mine	Lintern et al. (1999)
Mount Victor Plumbago Station ⓘ Ethiudna Mines	Waterhouse (1971)
Tasmania Circular Head municipality Balfour-Temma district ⓘ Temma	R. Bottrill
Northern Midlands municipality Rossarden mining district ⓘ Aberfoyle Mine (Aberfoyle Tin Mine; Rossarden Tin Mine)	www.crocoite.com (2004)
Waratah-Wynyard municipality Heazlewood district Luina ⓘ Mt Cleveland Mine	www.crocoite.com (2001)
West Coast municipality Mt Lindsay mineral field ⓘ Mt Lindsay mine (Parsons Hood)	R. Bottrill
ⓘ Trial Harbour district	Bottrill et al. (2008)
Zeehan mining district North Dundas ⓘ Renison Bell Mine	Patterson
Victoria Alpine Shire Falls Creek ⓘ Rocky Valley Reservoir	2004. Falls Creek 1:50
ⓘ Dorchap Dyke Swarm	Ryan Eagle et al. (2018)
East Gippsland Shire Glen Valley ⓘ Mt Wills mining district	www.gsavic.org (n.d.)
Moira Shire Waggarandall ⓘ Pendle Hill	Maher
Mount Alexander Shire Maldon ⓘ Linscott - Eaglehawk Reef	Bierlein et al. (1998)
ⓘ Nuggety Reef	Ciobanu et al. (2010)
Pyrenees Shire Avoca ⓘ Henry's Hill Wolfram Deposit	Cayley et al. (1995)
Strathbogie Shire ⓘ Strathbogie Ranges	Phillips et al. (2013)
Western Australia Brookton Shire Brookton ⓘ Cordierite gneiss outcrop	Bridge et al. (1978)
City of Karratha Karratha ⓘ Whundo Copper Mine	Collins et al. (date?)
Coolgardie Shire Nepean ⓘ Nepean Ni Mine	Nepean Nickel Deposit +2 other references
Widgiemooltha ⓘ Wannaway Ni Mine	Marston (1984)
Cue Shire Cue ⓘ Big Bell Gold Mine (Paton's Find; Murchison Bell)	Mock (1987)
Halls Creek Shire Mabel Downs Station ⓘ Sally Malay Mine	Marston (1984)
Mukinbudin Shire ⓘ Bonnie Rock	Ferguson (1999)
Northampton Shire Ajana ⓘ Surprise Mine	Simpson (1952)
Paterson Orogen ⓘ Winu deposit	Rio Tinto website (www.riotinto.com) +1 other reference
Ravensthorpe Shire Ravensthorpe ⓘ Copper King	Ferguson (1999)
ⓘ Last Venture Mine	Ferguson (1999)
Sandstone Shire ⓘ Yuinmery volcanogenic massive sulfide project	Hassan (2014)
Toodyay Shire ⓘ Lovers Lane Andalusite	Fetherston et al. (2013)
Upper Gascoyne Shire Eudamullah Station ⓘ White well	Pryce (1973)
Glenburgh Station ⓘ Glenburgh Project	Roche (2016)
Mangaroon Station ⓘ Star of Mangaroon Gold Mine	Martin et al. (2005)
ⓘ Yinnietharra	Pryce (1973)
Westonia Shire Westonia ⓘ Edna May Gold Mine	Simpson et al. (1948)
ⓘ Yalgoo Shire	Economic Geology (1996) +3 other references
Retaliation Goldfield Mount Gibson Conservation Reserve ⓘ Mount Gibson Gold Mine	Yeats et al. (1998) +1 other reference
Yilgarn Shire Holleton Goldfield ⓘ Radium Mine	Simpson
Marvel Loch ⓘ Jacoletti Gold Mine	Luke Morgan Collection
ⓘ Marvel Loch Gold Mine	Mock (1987)
ⓘ Nevoria Gold Mine	Mueller (1997)
Southern Cross ⓘ Transvaal Gold Mine	Hagemann et al. (1998) +2 other references
Austria
Burgenland Oberpullendorf District Markt Sankt Martin Pauliberg ⓘ Basalt quarry	U. Kolitsch et al. (2009) +1 other reference
Carinthia Hermagor District Hermagor-Pressegger See ⓘ Jenig	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Spittal an der Drau District Reißeck Kolbnitz Napplach ⓘ Gravel pit	Walter (2021)
Penk Teuchlbach valley ⓘ Schneestellkopf ?	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Villach-Land District Wernberg ⓘ Umberg ?	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Völkermarkt District ⓘ Eisenkappel-Vellach	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
ⓘ Hornfels outcrops	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Wolfsberg District Sankt Paul im Lavanttal Kollnitz ⓘ Basalt quarry	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Lower Austria Krems-Land District Albrechtsberg an der Großen Krems ⓘ Klein-Heinrichschlag	Fechner et al. (1985) +1 other reference
Gföhl Felling ⓘ Cordierite occurrence	Niedermayr (1973)
ⓘ Zwettler Leiten	Götzinger (1987)
ⓘ Lower serpentinite quarry	Pristacz et al. (2009) +2 other references
ⓘ Hohenstein	Exel (1993)
Spitz ⓘ Mosinggraben	Harald Schillhammer collection
Weinzierl am Walde Maigen ⓘ Hartenstein castle	Neschen (n.d.)
Melk District Dunkelsteinerwald Hessendorf ⓘ Schwaigbichl (Schwaigbichel)	Huber et al. (1977)
Klein-Pöchlarn Ebersdorf ⓘ Gneiss quarry	[var: Iolite] Köhler (1932) +2 other references
Waidhofen an der Thaya District Raabs an der Thaya Eibenstein an der Thaya ⓘ Hengl quarry	Götzinger et al. (1994)
Zwettl District Groß-Gerungs ⓘ Häuslern	Exel (1993)
Styria Deutschlandsberg District Sankt Martin im Sulmtal ⓘ Bergla
Liezen District Landl Gams bei Hieflau ⓘ Gams stratigraphic sections	Grachev (Ed) +1 other reference
Südoststeiermark District Bad Gleichenberg Wilhelmsdorf ⓘ Stradner Kogel	Postl et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Feldbach Mühldorf bei Feldbach ⓘ Steinberg	Postl et al. (1996)
Klöch ⓘ Basalt quarry	Postl et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Upper Austria Eferding District Stroheim ⓘ Kleinstroheim	Hermann Kohl
Freistadt District Grünbach ⓘ Moserberg	Erich J.Zirkl
ⓘ Rainbach im Mühlkreis	Gertrude Pointner
Linz-Land District Wilhering ⓘ Kürnberger Wald	Reiter (2012)
Linz Froschberg ⓘ Römerberg-Margarethen	Rudolf Handmann S.J.
Rohrbach District Aigen-Schlägl ⓘ Heidlbrunn quarry	Huber et al. (1977)
ⓘ Oberhaag quarry	Reiter (1982)
ⓘ Haslach	Exhibition „Steinerne Schätze - Zur Mineralogie und Gesteinskunde der näheren Heimat“ et al. (cordierite in mylonite)
Lichtenau im Mühlkreis ⓘ Unterurasch quarry (Kasbach)	Pröll (1976)
St. Stefan-Afiesl ⓘ Köckendorf-Afisl	Gerhard Fuchs (3)
Urfahr-Umgebung District Puchenau ⓘ Oberpuchenau	Exel (1993)
Vorarlberg Bludenz District Gaschurn Ochsen valley ⓘ Schattenspitze	Polz (1989)
Bolivia
La Paz Larecaja Province ⓘ Candelaria Mine	Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009)
Pedro Domingo Murillo Province ⓘ Mt Chacaltaya	Lorin Fassbender et al. (2024)
Sud Yungas Province Yanacachi District ⓘ Chojlla Mine	Osvaldo R. Arce Burgoa (2007)
Potosí Antonio Quijarro Province Tomave Municipality Tolapampa ⓘ Cerro Ubina	Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)
ⓘ Catavi	Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955)
Potosí city ⓘ Cordillera Kari-Kari	Salomon Rivas & Federico Ahlfeld (1998) +1 other reference
Rafael Bustillo Province Llallagua ⓘ Siglo Veinte Mine	Smith et al. (2001) +1 other reference
Santa Cruz Chiquitos Province Cerro Pelado ⓘ Don Mario mine	Michael Roper (Orvana Resources Corp., Golden, Colorado)
Brazil
Alagoas Arapiraca belt Craíbas ⓘ Serrote da Laje prospect	Foo et al. (2012)
Ceará ⓘ Lagoa do Riacho Mn deposit	Santos et al. (2021)
Minas Gerais ⓘ Coroaci	Tony Nikischer specimen
ⓘ Itabira	[var: Iolite] Karel Bal Collection
ⓘ Virgolândia	[var: Iolite] Cassedanne (1976) +1 other reference
Pará Parauapebas ⓘ Pojuca Cu-Au-Zn deposit	Oliveira et al. (2025)
Paraíba Assunção ⓘ Catolé 1 pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
Frei Martinho ⓘ Esperas pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
Juazeirinho ⓘ Tara pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
Nova Palmeira ⓘ Roncadeira pegmatite	Beurlen et al. (2013)
Pedra Lavrada ⓘ Alto Patrimônio pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022) +1 other reference
ⓘ Chico Cândido pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
ⓘ Picuí	[var: Iolite] Sauer (1982)
ⓘ Alto Benedito pegmatite (Alto Bernardino; Alto Questão)	Fernandes et al. (2022)
Tenório ⓘ Seridozinho pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
Rio Grande do Norte Campo Redondo ⓘ São Francisco Mine	Souza Neto et al. (2008)
Carnaúba dos Dantas ⓘ Cruz pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
ⓘ Maribondo pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
ⓘ Piauí	Fernandes et al. (2022)
Lajes ⓘ Bonfim Mine	João Adauto Souza Neto (2001) +1 other reference
Parelhas ⓘ Boqueirão pegmatite	Amores Casals et al. (2014)
ⓘ Tibiri pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
São Tomé ⓘ Jacaré I pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
Tocantins Palmeirópolis ⓘ Palmeirópolis deposit	Araujo et al. (1995)
ⓘ Peixe alkaline complex	MARTINS et al. (1981)
Bulgaria
Kardzhali Province Ardino Municipality Latinka ⓘ New Hope	Stela Atanasova – Vladimirova (2007)
Canada
British Columbia Fort Steele Mining Division Kimberley ⓘ Sullivan Mine	- (n.d.)
Golden Mining Division ⓘ Ice River Alkaline Complex
Greenwood Mining Division Bridesville ⓘ Old Nick nickel deposit	Peatfield (n.d.)
Grand Forks ⓘ Marble quarry (Kettle River Rock quarry)	Cubley (2009)
Omineca Mining Division Hazelton Mount Thomlinson ⓘ Mount Thomlinson molybdenum deposit	Peatfield (n.d.)
Revelstoke Mining Division Revelstoke ⓘ Mount Begbie	Dixon et al. (2014) +1 other reference
Skeena Mining Division ⓘ Anyox	Sherlock et al. (2007)
Iskut River Sulphurets District KSM project ⓘ Mitchell Cu-Au deposit	Febbo et al. (2019)
Slocan Mining Division ⓘ Blu Starr	[var: Iolite] - (n.d.)
Vancouver Mining Division ⓘ Hopkins property	Reddy
ⓘ Manitoba	www.alpinegems.net
Bird River area ⓘ Bird Lake	Phillips (1979)
Lac-du-Bonnet area ⓘ Bird River Mines (Ore Fault group of claims; Ore Fault deposit)	Ritchie (1973)
Greer Lake ⓘ GL-8 pegmatite	Bannatyne (1985)
Lynn Lake District Laurie Lake ⓘ Lar deposit	Canadian Mineralogist 38:545-550 (2000)
ⓘ Rat Lake	Phillips (1979)
Rusty Lake District ⓘ Darrol Lake	Barrie et al. (2001)
Ruttan Lake ⓘ Ruttan Mine	Robert Lavinsky specimen +1 other reference
Sherridon District ⓘ Star Lake	Leroux et al. (1992)
Snow Lake District ⓘ Anderson Lake mine	Rocks & Minerals 83:6 pp520-526 +1 other reference
ⓘ Lalor deposit	Duff (2016)
ⓘ Osborne Lake Mine	Bristol et al. (1989)
ⓘ Stall Lake Mine 👁 Image	Bob Southern +1 other reference
ⓘ Thompson Nickel Belt	Daniel Layton-Matthews et al. (Date Modified: 2008-08-26) +2 other references
ⓘ Utik Lake Banded Iron Deposit	Bernier (1990) +1 other reference
New Brunswick Queens Co. ⓘ Welsford Anorogenic Igneous Complex	Martin et al. (1988)
York Co. Clarence Stream area ⓘ Clarence Stream Gold Deposit	K.G. Thorne et al. (2009) +1 other reference
Douglas Parish ⓘ Sisson Brook deposit	Nast et al. (1991)
Prince William Parish Lake George ⓘ Lake George Antimony mine (Consolidated Durham mines; Resources Ltd. mine; Prince William mine; Brunswick mine)	Lentz +3 other references
Newfoundland and Labrador Labrador Grenville ⓘ Sand Hill Big Pond Gabbronorite complex	Arima et al. (1991)
Nain Complex ⓘ Ikkinikulluit Brook	Berg et al. (1976)
Red Wine Alkaline Complex ⓘ Wapustan gneiss	Curtis et al. (1977)
ⓘ Wilson Lake	Meng et al. (1972) +1 other reference
Newfoundland ⓘ Gullbridge Mine	Sabina (2003)
ⓘ Hope Brook mine (Chetwynd mine)	Sabina (2003)
ⓘ Northwest Territories	www.alpinegems.net
ⓘ Aylmer Lake pegmatite field	P.B. Tomascak et al. (1994)
Great Slave Lake ⓘ Unnamed pegmatites	Am Min 35:173-184
Mackenzie Mountains Tungsten (Cantung) ⓘ Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group	Groat et al. (2003)
North Slave Region ⓘ Arseno Lake area	Nielsen (1977)
Great Bear Lake DeVries Lake ⓘ Nori/RA prospect	Northern Mineral Showings Database
Yellowknife ⓘ Ghost Lake cordierite occurrence	- (n.d.) +1 other reference
Nova Scotia Halifax Co. ⓘ Beaverdam gold mine (Beaver Dam mine)	Kontak et al. (1993) +1 other reference
Nunavut ⓘ Chantrey Inlet pegmatite field	P.B. Tomascak et al. (1994)
Itchen Lake Izok Lake ⓘ Izok Lake deposit	Lougheed +4 other references
Kitikmeot Region ⓘ Hackett River	portergeo.com.au (2007) +1 other reference
Qikiqtaaluk Region Somerset Island ⓘ Mt. Walker	The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 38 (2000)
Ontario Haliburton County Dysart et al Harcourt Township ⓘ Fishtail Lake occurrence	Ontario Ministry of Northern ...
Highlands East Township Cardiff Township ⓘ Bicroft Mine	Evans (1966)
Hastings County ⓘ Town of Bancroft	matt neuzil
Kenora District Balmer Township ⓘ Campbell Mine (Placer Dome)	Robert S. Penczak and Robert Mason (1997) +2 other references
Campfire Lake ⓘ Conifer Road	Černý et al. (1998) +1 other reference
ⓘ Lundmark-Akow Lake Property	Romios Gold Resources Inc.
Paterson Lake Area ⓘ Big Mack pegmatite	Blackburn C. et al (2002)
ⓘ Separation Rapids Lithium Project (Separation Lake area)	Avalon Advanced Materials Inc.
Leeds and Grenville Counties Lansdowne Township Lyndhurst area (Black Rapids area) ⓘ Black Rapids Mine	Wynne-Edwards (1967)
South Crosby Township ⓘ Hwy 15 Cordierite Occurrence	Sabina (1967) +1 other reference
ⓘ Westport Quadrangle	Lonker (1980) +1 other reference
Thunder Bay District Bomby Township ⓘ Hemlo gold deposit	Fleet et al. (1997)
ⓘ Gemmell Township	Pan et al. (1993) +1 other reference
ⓘ Geco Mine	Spry (1983) +4 other references
ⓘ Manitouwadge area	Can Mineral February 1997 v. 35 no. 1 ...
Pays Plat Lake Area ⓘ Winston Lake deposit	Franklin et al. (1991) +1 other reference
Québec Abitibi-Témiscamingue Rouyn-Noranda TE ⓘ Amulet Mine (Waite Amulet Mine)	Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences +1 other reference
ⓘ F Shaft	Watkinson (1991)
ⓘ Millenbach Mine	Riverin et al. (1980)
ⓘ Moosehead occurrence	Watkinson (1991)
Estrie Le Granit RCM Val-Racine ⓘ Mont Mégantic	CLÉMENT
Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine La Haute-Gaspésie RCM Mont-Albert ⓘ Madeleine mine	Econ Geol (1989)
Laurentides Antoine-Labelle RCM ⓘ Bondy gneiss complex	Blein et al. (2025)
Mauricie Mékinac RCM ⓘ Montauban deposit	Economic Geology September 1 +2 other references
Montérégie La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM Mont Saint-Hilaire ⓘ Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH)	Horváth et al. (1990)
Nord-du-Québec Jamésie Matagami ⓘ Garon Lake mine	Sabina (2003)
Outaouais Pontiac RCM ⓘ L'Île-du-Grand-Calumet	Williams (1990)
Saskatchewan Amisk Lake District ⓘ Coronation Mine	Coombe Geoconsultants Ltd. (1991)
Athabasca Basin ⓘ Cigar Lake Mine	Bruneton (1987)
ⓘ Millenium Deposit	Cloutier et al. (2009)
ⓘ Rabbit Lake Mine	Rich et al. (1977)
ⓘ Roughrider deposit	Boulanger (2012)
Wheeler River Project ⓘ Gryphon deposit	SRK Consulting (Canada)
ⓘ Foster River	Steadman et al. (2015)
ⓘ Fable Lake	Steadman et al. (2015)
ⓘ George	Steadman et al. (2015)
ⓘ Rottenstone Mine	Sabina (1972)
Yukon Watson Lake mining district ⓘ Mindy prospect	Liverton et al. (eds.)
Central America
ⓘ Maya Mountains	Bateson et al. (1970)
China
Gansu Jiuquan Guazhou Co. ⓘ Nanquan Au-Ag deposit	Yan Yang and Xuefeng Si (2005)
Longnan Cheng County ⓘ Xiaogouli Au deposit	Jianzhong Feng et al. (2002)
Li County ⓘ Liba Au deposit	Jianzhong Feng et al. (2003)
ⓘ Yawan Au-Sb-W deposit	Dong et al. (2026)
Tianshui Wushan Co. ⓘ Zhuzigou Au deposit	Lijing Yang et al. (2004)
Zhangye Sunan Co. Qiqing ⓘ Xiaoliugou W-Mo-polymetallic deposit	Hongjie Kang et al. (2008)
ⓘ Xiliugou Pb-Zn deposit	Hongjie Kang et al. (2008)
Guangdong Shaoguan Qujiang District ⓘ Yaoling Mine	Shehong Li et al. (2009)
Guangxi Qinzhou Lingshan Co. ⓘ Jiaping REE deposit	Liu et al. (2025)
Pubei Co. ⓘ Xinhua Pb-Zn-Ag deposit	Wang et al. (2016)
Heilongjiang ⓘ Jixi	Jisheng Jiang and Yongqing Chen (1993)
Lishu District ⓘ Liumao Mine	Khanchuk et al. (2017, March)
Hubei Huangshi Daye Co. ⓘ Longjiaoshan Cu-(W-Mo) deposit	Nie et al. (2022)
Hunan Yongzhou Lanshan Co. ⓘ Xiangcao U deposit (Xiangca U deposit)	Dahlkamp (2009)
Inner Mongolia Baotou City (Baotou Prefecture) Guyang County ⓘ Hujigou	Jia Cai et al. (2013)
Xiguit District ⓘ Lijiazi	Jia Cai et al. (2013)
Bayannur City (Bayannao'er Prefecture) Urad Middle Banner (Wulate Zhongqi) ⓘ Haoyaoerhudong Au deposit	Fan et al. (2024)
Xilingol League (Xilinguole Prefecture) East Ujimqin Banner (Dongwuzhumuqin Co.; Dongwu Qi) ⓘ Dong Ujimqin Qi meteorite	Grossman (1997)
Sonid Right Banner (Sunite Youqi) ⓘ Boin Sum	Zhuyun Yan et al. (1989)
Jiangxi Ganzhou Chongyi Co. Lujing Uranium ore field ⓘ Shabazi U deposit (Shabon U deposit; SBZ U deposit)	Yunhua Liu and Long Luo (2010)
Jiujiang ⓘ Tongmukeng Sn deposit	Zhang et al. (2024)
Wuning Co. Dahutang W-(Sn) ore field ⓘ Shimensi W-Mo deposit	Wang et al. (2022)
Xiushui Co. Dahutang ore field ⓘ Pingmiao deposit	Yang et al. (2022)
Liaoning Dalian Wafangdian City ⓘ Huatong Mine (Huatungkou Mine)	Matsuda (1969)
Fushun Qingyuan Co. ⓘ Hongtoushan Mine	Guangyu Zhou (1983)
Qinghai Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Da Qaidam (Dachaidan Co.) ⓘ Tanjianshan Mine	Zhang Dequan et al. (2009)
Shaanxi Baoji Taibai County ⓘ Shuangwang Au deposit	Defeng Hui and Naiwu Zhu (2001)
Shanxi Xinzhou Dai Co. Yanmenguan ⓘ Liujiagou	Songnian Lu et al. (2003)
Yangquan Kuang District ⓘ Yangquan coal field	Querol +9 other references
Sichuan Garzê Autonomous Prefecture (Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture) Yajiang County Kangding pegmatite field ⓘ Jiajika Mine	Gao et al. (2024)
ⓘ No. 9 Pegmatite	Zhao et al. (2023)
Ngawa Autonomous Prefecture (Aba Autonomous Prefecture) Jinchuan Co. ⓘ Ke'eryin pegmatite field
ⓘ Jiada deposit	Li et al. (2024)
ⓘ Redamen deposit	Feng et al. (2025)
Tibet Lhasa Damxung Co. (Dangxiong Co.) ⓘ Lawu Cu-Pb-Zn deposit	Yan Liu et al. (2010)
Maizhokunggar Co. (Mozhugongka Co.) ⓘ Longruri Au-Sb deposit (Nongruri Au-Sb deposit)	Suiliang Dong et al. (2010)
Qüxü Co. (Qushui Co.) ⓘ Liangguo corundum deposit	Zhang et al. (2018)
Ngari Coqên Co. (Cuoqin Co.) ⓘ Nuocang skarn Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit	Jiang +7 other references
Shannan Prefecture Lhozhag County ⓘ Gabo mining area	Fu et al. (2025)
Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture) Lhozhag Co. (Luozha Co.) ⓘ Lalong Dome	Fu et al. (2023)
Lhünzê Co. (Longzi Co.) Cuonadong dome ⓘ Cuonadong Sn-W-Be deposit	He et al. (2022)
Xigazê Prefecture (Rikaze Prefecture; Shigatse Prefecture) Tingri Co. (Dingri Co.) ⓘ Xipu Dome	Yan et al. (2024)
Xaitongmoin Co. (Xietongmen Co.) ⓘ Xiongcun Cu-(Au) deposit	Wenyi Xu et al. (2009)
Xinjiang Hotan Prefecture Hetian Co. (Khotan Co.; Hotan Co.; Hoten Co.) ⓘ South Fulugou No. 1 pegmatite	Gao et al. (2020)
ⓘ Huoshaoshan oil field	[var: Iolite] Liu (2016, April)
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture) Fuhai Co. (Burultokay Co.) ⓘ Kalu’an-Azubai Pegmatite Field	Feng et al. (2019)
Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.) ⓘ Nasenqia Mine	Yanling Tang (2005)
ⓘ Wuqiagou	Li Zi-Long et al. et al. (10)
Qinghe Co. (Qinggil Co.; Chinggil Co.) ⓘ Kelumute-Jideke pegmatite field	Shen et al. (2025)
Yunnan Honghe Gejiu City ⓘ Gejiu Sn-polymetallic ore field	Fusheng Dai (1990)
Colombia
Nariño Department ⓘ Galeras volcano	Goff et al. (1994)
Czech Republic
Central Bohemian Region Benešov District Bernartice ⓘ Novátor mine	Sýkorová et al. (2016)
ⓘ Kladno District	Žáček et al. (1995)
Libušin ⓘ Kladno mine	Hyrsl J. +1 other reference
Kutná Hora District Vlastějovice ⓘ Moldanubian Zone pegmatites	Gadas et al. (2011)
ⓘ Březina pegmatite	Novák et al. (2013) +1 other reference
Hradec Králové Region Trutnov District Radvanice ⓘ Kateřina Coal Mine	Jirásek (2001)
Špindlerův Mlýn Medvědín ⓘ Medvědín uranium deposit	Plášil et al. (2009)
Karlovy Vary Region Cheb District Lázně Kynžvart ⓘ Bílý Kámen pegmatite quarry	Černý et al. (Weisser Stein)
Karlovy Vary District ⓘ Smolné Pece	Řehoř
Sokolov District Rovná Čistá ⓘ Jeroným Mine	Janečka et al. (stav ke dni 1.7.1966)
Olomouc Region Jeseník District Javorník Zálesí ⓘ Zálesí uranium deposit	Sejkora (1994)
Šumperk District Hanušovice ⓘ Hynčice nad Moravou	Gába
ⓘ Potůčník	Gába
ⓘ Kopřivná	Gába
Pardubice Region Ústí nad Orlicí District Záchlumí Litice nad Orlicí ⓘ Litice nad Orlicí quarry	Šita +6 other references
Plzeň Region Klatovy District ⓘ Podmokly	Černý P.
Sušice ⓘ Hamr quarry	Hofmanovi P. a R.: Příspěvek k ...
Tachov District Zadní Chodov ⓘ Zadní Chodov deposit (Hinterkotten deposit)	Havelcová et al. (2020)
South Bohemian Region Písek District Sepekov ⓘ Chlum Hill	Fiala
Prachatice District Ktiš (Tisch) ⓘ Ktiš kinzigite occurrence (Tisch kinzigite occurrence)	Šreinová
Strakonice District Dřešín ⓘ Chvalšovice	Welser
Štěkeň ⓘ Vitkov	J. Kotkova
Ústí nad Labem Region Děčín District Těchlovice ⓘ Basalt quarry	Dolníček et al. (2021)
Vysočina Region Havlíčkův Brod District Chotěboř ⓘ Rankov	Losert
ⓘ Kvasetice	VÍŠKOVÁ et al. (2022)
Jihlava District ⓘ Jihlava	Duda
Třebíč District ⓘ Radkovice u Hrotovic	Scarlett Urbanová (2021)
Žďár nad Sázavou District Bobrová ⓘ Valy hill	Černý P.: Příspěvek k mineralogii ...
ⓘ Bobrůvka	Paulis P. (2001)
Bory Dolní Bory ⓘ	Staněk (1997)
ⓘ Pegmatite vein No. 3	Novák et al. (2008)
Horní Bory ⓘ Horní Bory quarry	k +3 other references
ⓘ Polnička	Cempírek
Rožná ⓘ Rožná deposit	Mineralienwelt 1993 (1)
ⓘ Rožná I Mine	Petr Pauliš
Věžná ⓘ Věžná I pegmatite	www.cseg.ca/conferences/2000/556.PDF. +2 other references
ⓘ Věžná II pegmatite	Cerny et al. (1964)
Czech Republic/Poland
ⓘ Pomezní Ridge (Grzbiet Lasocki)	Lis et al. (1986)
DR Congo
North Kivu Nyiragongo Territory ⓘ Nyiragongo Volcano	Haapala (2011)
Egypt
Red Sea Governorate ⓘ St John's Island	- (n.d.)
South Sinai Governorate ⓘ Kid	Mamedov et al. (2012)
ⓘ Um Zariq formation	Helmy et al. (2021)
Eritrea
Central Region Addi Bidel ⓘ Addi Bidel gold deposits	Jelenc (1966)
Asmara ⓘ Tzada Christian	Jelenc (1966)
Estonia
Ida-Viru County ⓘ Alutaguse	Solano-Acosta (2023) +1 other reference
Ethiopia
Oromia Region Kenticha pegmatite field ⓘ Kenticha mine	A Geological Excursion To The Mesozoic Sediments Of The Abay Basin ( Blue Nile)
Europe
Bohemian Massif Moldanubian Zone (Moldanubicum; Moldanubian) ⓘ Gföhl unit	Zelinková et al. (2022)
Finland
Kanta-Häme Hämeenlinna ⓘ Katuma	Ilkka Nmikkola collection
Tammela ⓘ Hirvikallio	Wilke (1976)
Lapland Enontekiö ⓘ Halti-Ridnitsohkka	Sipilä
Portimo complex ⓘ Kilvenjärvi Offset Sulfide-PGE Deposit	Andersen et al. (2006)
Ylitornio Rajapalot ⓘ Palokas	Molnár et al. (2017)
North Karelia ⓘ Outokumpu mining district	Rocks & Min.: 22: 506-509.
North Ostrobothnia Pyhäjärvi ⓘ Mullikkoräme	Mäki (1997)
ⓘ Pyhäsalmi Mine	Pasi Eilu (2002) +1 other reference
ⓘ Raahe	Rouhunkoski
ⓘ Vihanti deposit (Lampinsaari deposit; Isoaho deposit)	Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... +1 other reference
North Savo Keitele ⓘ Kangasjärvi deposit (Kotilahti 1)	Mäki (1997)
Kiuruvesi ⓘ Hallapera deposit	Mäki (1997)
ⓘ Ruostesuo Mine	Geological Survey of Finland ...
ⓘ Vuohtojoki deposit	Mäki (1997)
ⓘ Lapinlahti	Hölttä et al. (toim.)
Pielavesi ⓘ Säviä deposit	Mäki (1997)
Päijänne Tavastia Lahti ⓘ Kujala	Jyrki Autio collection
Pirkanmaa Ylöjärvi Viljakkala ⓘ Haveri mine	Strauss (2004)
South Karelia Taipalsaari ⓘ Telkkälä Ni mine	Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...
South Ostrobothnia Kuortane ⓘ Kaatiala pegmatite	Lynch et al. (2025)
Southwest Finland ⓘ Mynämäki	Väisänen et al. (1999)
Salo Kisko ⓘ Aijala	Geological Survey of Finland Aijala - ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Liipola-N	Geological Survey of Finland Liipola-N ...
ⓘ Metsämonttu mine	Geological Survey of Finland ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Orijärvi deposit	Anthony et al. (1990) +1 other reference
Perniö ⓘ Träskböle	www.gsf.fi (2002)
Suomusjärvi ⓘ Salittu	Niskanen (2014)
Somero ⓘ Tupala deposit	Geological Survey of Finland Mineral ...
Turku ⓘ Laurinkari	Wilke (1976)
Uusimaa ⓘ Helsinki	Nordenskiöld (1863)
Lohja ⓘ Kovela	Al-Ani et al. (2018)
ⓘ Tytyri mine	Latva
Raseborg ⓘ Mustio quarry	www.jalokiviharrastajat.fi (n.d.)
France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Allier Vichy Échassières Montmins mining district ⓘ Ste Barbe vein (Les Montmins)	Boisson et al. (2000)
Cantal Saint-Flour Brezons ⓘ La Besseyre-en-Brezons	Yves Masson collection
Haute-Loire Brioude Saint-Cirgues ⓘ Les Rochers de Lisoul	Pélisson (1989)
Vieille-Brioude ⓘ Granite quarry	Pélisson (1989)
Le Puy-en-Velay Ceyssac ⓘ Mont Croustet	Périnet (n.d.)
Espaly-Saint-Marcel ⓘ Mont Denise	Barrier D et al. (2004)
Goudet ⓘ Loire river alluvial deposits	François Périnet collection
Saint-Front ⓘ Bournac volcano	Grew (1977)
Saint-Pierre-Eynac ⓘ Mont Peylenc quarry	Galli et al. (2008)
Loire Montbrison Saint-Marcellin-en-Forez ⓘ Suc de la Violette quarries	Personnaly collected by Matthias Diot
Saint-Étienne La Ricamarie Montrambert and Bèraudiére mines ⓘ Crassier Saint-Pierre	...
Puy-de-Dôme Clermont-Ferrand Ceilloux ⓘ La Gourcie	J.J. Périchaud: "Les Minéraux ...
Issoire Besse-et-Saint-Anastaise ⓘ Serre-Bas	J.J. Périchaud: "Les Minéraux ...
Champagnat-le-Jeune ⓘ Le-Saut-du-Loup	Leblanc et al. (1987)
Mazaye ⓘ Les Châtelaunoux quarry (Petit Chambois quarry) ?	FX Kapfer
Riom ⓘ Charbonnières-les-Vieilles	Omer Vanheule collection
Manzat ⓘ Granite outcrop	M. Arliguie collection
ⓘ Saint-Pardoux	Yves Masson specimens
Rhône Lyon Lyon First District ⓘ Quai Saint Vincent	G. Demarcq
Saint-Symphorien-sur-Coise ⓘ Saint-Symphorien-sur-Coise quarry	Demarcq (1973) +1 other reference
Brittany Côtes-d'Armor Lannion Trébeurden ⓘ Milliau Island	Erik Vercammen collection and field ...
Finistère Brest Plounéour-Brignogan-Plages ⓘ Brignogan-Plages	Georget et al. (France) +2 other references
Châteaulin ⓘ Huelgoat	Lacroix (1893) +2 other references
ⓘ Le Gouffre	Chauris (2014)
Poullaouen ⓘ Kerbizien	Pierrot et al. (1973)
Morbihan Vannes Penestin ⓘ Pointe du Bile beach alluvial deposits
Centre-Val de Loire Cher Saint-Amand-Montrond Épineuil-le-Fleuriel ⓘ Cher river alluvial deposits	Franços Périnet collection
Grand Est Vosges Saint-Dié-des-Vosges ⓘ Barbey-Seroux	Belot (1978)
Gérardmer ⓘ Les Bas Rupts	Belot (1978)
Martinique Arrondissement of La Trinité Grand'Rivière ⓘ Montagne Pelée	Lacroix (1913)
Arrondissement of Le Marin Le Diamant ⓘ Diamond Rock	Lacroix (1910)
Les Anses-d'Arlet ⓘ Pointe Burgos	Lacroix (1910)
Les Trois-Îlets ⓘ Gros Îlet
Normandy Manche Avranches ⓘ Saint-Michel-de-Montjoie	Belot (1978)
Orne Argentan Écouché-les-Vallées ⓘ La Courbe workings	Belot (1978)
Nouvelle-Aquitaine Creuse Aubusson Soumans Montebras ⓘ Les Roches quarry	Patureau et al. (2011)
Haute-Vienne Bellac Razès Chanteloube ⓘ Vilatte Quarries (La Vilate)	Belot (1978)
Pyrénées-Atlantiques Oloron-Sainte-Marie Laruns ⓘ Arre deposit	Cugerone
Ossau valley ⓘ Anglas	Cugerone et al. (2018)
Occitanie Ariège Saint-Girons Le Port ⓘ Port de Lers	Belot (1978)
Seix Salau ⓘ La Fourque granodiorite outcrop	Bull. Minéral.
Aveyron Pays d'Olt ⓘ Saint-Geniez	D. Poulain and J. Kornprobst
Villefranche-de-Rouergue ⓘ Cransac	R. Pierrot
Hautes-Pyrénées ⓘ Aure Valley	De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)
Lozère Florac Saint-Privat-de-Vallongue ⓘ Cévennes I placers	Dill (2008)
Mende Rimeize ⓘ La Chaumette	Gol (2016)
ⓘ Saint-Juéry	J.P. Couturié : "Le Massif Granitique de La Margeride (Massif Central Français)
Pyrénées-Orientales Céret Argelès-sur-Mer Pegmatite field ⓘ Mas Consul	Guitard (2010)
Banyuls-sur-Mer ⓘ Coll d'en Barret	Guitard (2010)
Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste ⓘ Costabonne mines (Costabona mines)	van Marcke de Lummen (1985)
Perpignan ⓘ Cassagnes	Belot (1978)
Prades Canaveilles ⓘ Canaveilles-Les-Bains	Belot (1978)
Feilluns (Felluns) ⓘ Ansignan charnockite intrusion	P. Andrieux
Pays de la Loire Loire-Atlantique Nantes Nantes Chantenay ⓘ Parc Grillaud	Baret (1898)
Georgia
Mtskheta-Mtianeti Kazbegi Municipality Kel’ volcanic area ⓘ	Станкевич Е.К. ...
Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti Lentekhi District ⓘ Tsana As-Au deposit (Tsani As-Au deposit)	Kekelia et al. (2008)
Germany
Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Region Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald Bötzingen ⓘ Fohberg Quarry (Hauri Quarry)
Oberried ⓘ Zeigerhalde	WALENTA (1992)
Freiburg im Breisgau Herdern ⓘ Fuchsköpfle quarry	Schmeltzer et al. (2001)
Lörrach Kandern ⓘ Egerten	Walenta (1992)
Malsburg-Marzell ⓘ Malsburg	70. +1 other reference
Ortenaukreis Oberwolfach ⓘ Clara Mine	Kaiser (1984)
Seelbach Seelbach Weiler ⓘ Michael Mine	Scharrer et al. (2020)
Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis Königsfeld im Schwarzwald ⓘ Ore mineralisation	Osann (1927)
Waldshut Waldshut-Tiengen Detzeln ⓘ Porphyry quarry	Hanneberg et al. (2009) +1 other reference
Karlsruhe Region Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis Waldbrunn Katzenbuckel ⓘ Michelsberg Quarry	Frenzel (1975)
Stuttgart Region Ostalbkreis Unterschneidheim Zipplingen ⓘ Zipplinger Höhe	Tschauner +3 other references
Bavaria Lower Bavaria Regen District Arnbruck ⓘ Eck Quarry	Weiß (1990)
Bayerisch Eisenstein ⓘ Großer Arber (TL)	Weiß (1990)
Bodenmais ⓘ Blötz Mine (Plötz Mine)	Weiß (1990)
ⓘ Silberberg Mine	Obermüller (1993)
Zwiesel Theresienthal ⓘ Rother Koth Mine	Strunz (1962)
Lower Franconia Haßberge District Maroldsweisach ⓘ Zeilberg Quarry	Wittern (2001)
Upper Franconia Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge Tröstauer Forst-Ost Kösseine ⓘ Kösseine granite quarry	Bender et al. (2023)
Upper Palatinate Cham District Arnschwang Kalkofen ⓘ Kalkofen Quarry	Weiß (1990)
Lam Schmelz ⓘ Johanniszeche
Lohberg Lohberghütte ⓘ Hörndl Quarry (Hörlberg Quarry)	Sperling (1991)
Wald Roßbach ⓘ Himmelleiten Quarry	Weiß (1990)
Neustadt an der Waldnaab District Leuchtenberg ⓘ Steinach	Weiß (1990)
Pleystein ⓘ Miesbrunn pegmatite–aplite swarm	Dill et al. (2012)
Schwandorf District Oberviechtach Unterlangau ⓘ Gütting	Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
Tirschenreuth District Kemnath Waldeck ⓘ Kalvarienberg	Pöllmann et al. (2007)
Waldershof Schurbach ⓘ Granite quarries	Meier (2001)
Hesse Darmstadt Bergstraße Bensheim Auerbach ⓘ Linck marble works	Nickel et al. (1985)
Kassel Region Werra-Meißner Eschwege ⓘ Blaue Kuppe	Schreyer et al. (1986) +1 other reference
Lower Saxony Goslar District Bad Harzburg Radau valley ⓘ Gabbro Quarry
Schmalenberg cliff ⓘ Riekensglück prospect
North Rhine-Westphalia Cologne Bonn Bad Godesberg ⓘ Lyngsberg (Lühnsberg; Lünsberg)	Brauns (1922)
ⓘ Finkenberg	Brauns (1922)
Rhein-Sieg-Kreis Königswinter ⓘ Drachenfels	Frechen (1976)
ⓘ Ölberg (Oelberg)	Brauns (1922)
ⓘ Perlenhardt	Brauns (1922)
ⓘ Petersberg	Brauns (1922)
ⓘ Stenzelberg	Brauns (1922)
ⓘ Wolkenburg	Brauns (1922)
Rhineland-Palatinate Ahrweiler Adenau Müllenbach ⓘ Bocksberg	Vogelsang (1890)
Brohltal Burgbrohl ⓘ Herchenberg quarry	Hentschel
Glees ⓘ Gleeser Felder	Nöggerath
ⓘ Hüttenberg	Brauns (1922)
Wehr ⓘ Kappiger Ley (Kappiger Lay)	Hentschel (1983)
Mayen-Koblenz Maifeld Ochtendung ⓘ Wannenköpfe Quarry	Rondorf et al. (1988) +1 other reference
Mendig Bell ⓘ Rothenberg Quarry	Hentschel (1987)
Mendig ⓘ Basalt quarries	Brauns (1922)
ⓘ In den Dellen quarries	Nöggerath
ⓘ Thelenberg	Nöggerath
Wingertsberg ⓘ Pumice quarries	Nöggerath
Pellenz Kruft ⓘ Krufter Ofen	Nöggerath
Nickenich ⓘ Nickenicher Sattel	Hentschel (1983)
ⓘ Nickenicher Weinberg	Hentschel (1983)
Vordereifel ⓘ Bellerberg volcano	www.mindat.org (n.d.)
Ettringen ⓘ Caspar quarry	Schreyer et al. (1990)
Vulkaneifel Daun Dreis-Brück ⓘ Radersberg quarry	Hentschel (1983)
Oberstadtfeld ⓘ Kahlenberg	Leu (1995)
Strohn ⓘ Wartgesberg	Marko Burkhardt Collection
Üdersdorf ⓘ Emmelberg	Schäfer (1979)
Gerolstein Gerolstein Roth ⓘ Rother Kopf	Blaß et al. (2012)
Oberehe-Stroheich ⓘ Kahlenberg	Weiß (1990)
Rockeskyll Rockeskyll volcanic complex ⓘ Auf Dickel (incl. Nonnental)	Haardt
Walsdorf ⓘ Goßberg	Blaß (2020)
Kelberg Drees ⓘ Niveligsberg	Schüller (1990)
Saarland Sankt Wendel Tholey ⓘ Schaumberg	Schneider (1991)
Saxony-Anhalt Harz Blankenburg ⓘ Michaelstein	Koch (1886)
Saxony Erzgebirgskreis Ehrenfriedersdorf ⓘ Greifensteine	Wittern (2001)
Mittelsachsen Claußnitz Diethensdorf ⓘ Diethensdorf Quarry	Wittern (2001)
Hartmannsdorf ⓘ Ratssteinbruch	Vollstädt (1979)
Penig ⓘ Amerika Quarry	Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in ...
Vogtlandkreis Bergen ⓘ Streuberg Quarry	Wittern (2001)
Lengenfeld Irfersgrün ⓘ Granite outcrops (including tourmaline prospect)	J. Müller
Theuma ⓘ Theuma quarry	Heiner Siedel (2021)
Zwickau District Hirschfeld ⓘ Turmalin outcrop (Turmalinschurf Irfersgrün)	...
Limbach-Oberfrohna Pegmatite occurrences ⓘ Wolkenburg	HAAKE et al. (1994)
Schleswig-Holstein Ostholstein Malente ⓘ Gravel pits (Kreuzfeld; Niederkleveez; Vierth)	Wittern (2001)
Thuringia Schmalkalden-Meiningen District Dolmar-Salzbrücke Kühndorf ⓘ Großer Dolmar	Schüller (1953)
Greenland
Avannaata ⓘ Akia Island	[var: Iolite] Bøggild (1953)
Uigorlersuaq Island ⓘ Cordierite occurrence	[var: Iolite] Bøggild (1953)
Qeqertalik Disko Island ⓘ Asuk	Pedersen (1979)
Sermersooq Nuuk ⓘ Qeqertarsuatsiaat area	Petersen et al. (1993)
Aappaluttoq Ruby Occurrences ⓘ Aappaluttoq Ruby Mine	J.Ralph
Allumersat ⓘ Kornerupine-sapphirine locality North of Bjørnesund	Petersen et al. (1980)
ⓘ Fiskenæsset old harbour ?	Bøggild (1953) +2 other references
ⓘ Simiuttat Island	Rodgers et al. (1996)
Guyana
Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo Region Kanuku Mountains ⓘ South Savannas	Singh (1966)
Hungary
Pest County Szentendre District Pomáz ⓘ Klanác Hill
Zala County Nagykanizsa District Garabonc ⓘ Garabonc borehole no. 1	Sándor et al. (2005)
India
Andhra Pradesh Srikakulam District ⓘ Sangam	Kumar et al. (1995)
Visakhapatnam District ⓘ Diguva Sonaba	Divya Prakash et al. (2015)
ⓘ Paderu	Eur. J. Mineral.
ⓘ Shimliguda	American Mineralogist: 91: 375-384.
Vizianagaram District ⓘ Ayyanna Agraharam	Kumar +2 other references
ⓘ Gajularega	Kumar et al. (1995)
ⓘ Kothuru	Kumar et al. (1995)
ⓘ Padmapuram	Kumar et al. (1995)
ⓘ Panakupeta	Kumar et al. (1995)
ⓘ Venugopalapurum	Kumar et al. (1995)
Haryana Mahendragarh District ⓘ Bayal-ki-Dhani	Pant et al. (2008)
Karnataka Bagalkot District ⓘ Lokapur	B.V. Govinda Rajulu and M.J. Chandrasekhara Gowda (1972)
Bangalore Urban District Bangalore-Magadi Road ⓘ 13th Milestone	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
ⓘ Dodda Aladamara (Dodda Almara)	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
ⓘ Duntur	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
ⓘ Jakkasandra	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
ⓘ Kodamballi	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
ⓘ Maralavadi	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
ⓘ Neralemarada Doddi	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
ⓘ Tavarekere-Kengere Road	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
ⓘ Tippasandra	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
Kolar District Kolar Gold Fields ⓘ Sakarsanahalli	Narayanan Kutty et al. (1977)
Tumkur District Koratagere ⓘ Bidaloti	B. Rama Rao and L. Rama Rao (1937) +1 other reference
ⓘ Pavagada	Anantha Iyer et al. (1975)
Kerala Pathanamthitta district Vallicode-Kottayam ⓘ Vallikodu Kottayam quarry	Sorcar et al. (2020)
Thiruvananthapuram District ⓘ Thiruvananthapuram	Andrey Vishnevskiy specimen
Wayanad district ⓘ Mananthavady	Ravindra Kumar et al. (1989)
Odisha Kalahandi District ⓘ Hatimunda Hill	Patel et al. (2001)
Koraput District ⓘ Panasapattu	C.V. Dharma Rao et al. (2012)
Rajasthan Jaipur district ⓘ Saladipura Cu-Zn deposit	Sarkar et al. (1980)
Jodhpur Division Sirohi District ⓘ Deri-Ambaji Zn-Pb-Cu deposit	Deb (1980) +2 other references
Tamil Nadu ⓘ Coimbatore district	Betts (n.d.)
Dindigul district ⓘ Panrimalai	Grew (1984)
ⓘ Perumalmalai quarry	Sivasubramanian et al. (1991)
Kanyakumari District ⓘ Kanyakumari Beach	Natarajan et al. (2023)
Madurai District ⓘ Kosavankovilpatti	Yadav et al. (2021)
ⓘ Panrimali	McKie (1963)
Pudukkottai district ⓘ Nartamaliai	Nathan et al. (1995)
ⓘ Sittampundi complex	GSA Bulletin +4 other references
Theni District Genguvarpatti ⓘ Unnamed quarry	McKie (1963)
Thiruvannaamalai district ⓘ Mamandur	Mineralogical Magazine 63:743-755. +1 other reference
Tiruchirapalli District Ellammankovilpatti ⓘ Ellammankovilpatti Quarry	Balasubrahmanyan (1965)
Tiruppur District ⓘ Kangeyam	[var: Iolite] www.d4uweb.com (2010)
Virudhunagar district ⓘ Rajapalaiyam	Yuki Nishimiya (2018)
Telangana Karimnagar District Malial ⓘ Kornerupine Locality	Sharma et al. (2006)
Indonesia
Central Sulawesi Province Sigi Regency ⓘ Palu Metamorphic Complex	Hsia et al. (2023)
Iran
East Azerbaijan Province ⓘ Astamal skarn deposit	Hassanpour et al. (2023)
Hamadan Province Alvand Mountains ⓘ Corundum-bearing pegmatite	Alehashem et al. (2021)
Isfahan Province Kashan County Qamsar ⓘ Ghohroud	Ahankoub (2010)
Iraq
Sulaymaniyah Governorate Mawat Complex ⓘ Kuradawe granitic pegmatite	Mohammad et al. (2016) +1 other reference
Ireland
Connacht Galway County Connemara ⓘ Claggan Quarry	Cornwall
Leinster Carlow County ⓘ Aclare	Whitworth (1992)
Italy
Aosta Valley Bionaz ⓘ Comba de la Sassa (Comba della Sassa; Sassa Valley)	al Piaz et al. (2015)
ⓘ Gressoney-la-Trinité	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Calabria ⓘ Cosenza Province	Messina et al. (1991)
Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria Aspromonte Massif ⓘ Villa San Giovanni	Eur. J. Mineral.
ⓘ Serre Massif	Fregola et al. (2023)
ⓘ Sila Massif	Fregola et al. (2023)
Lazio Metropolitan City of Rome Capital Allumiere ⓘ Monte Sassetto	Della Ventura G. et al. (Tolfa volcanic center, Latium, Italy)
ⓘ Spizzicatore Hill	Della Ventura et al. (2006)
ⓘ Tolfa Mountains District	Pinarelli (1987)
Viterbo Province Cellere ⓘ Monte di Cellere	Burli et al. (2010)
Montalto di Castro Pietra Massa Locality ⓘ Campomorto Quarry	Passaglia et al. (1982)
Lombardy Brescia Province Niardo ⓘ Stabio Valley	Cerea et al. (2019)
Lecco Province Dorio ⓘ Dervio-Colico road tunnel	Mottana A. et al. (1983) +1 other reference
Sondrio Province Chiesa in Valmalenco ⓘ Sissone Valley	Marchesini et al. (2025)
Novate Mezzola Codera Valley ⓘ Beléniga Valley	Ghizzoni et al. (2005)
ⓘ Codera streambed	Ghizzoni et al. (2005)
ⓘ Pizzo Bresciadega	Cornelius (1916) +1 other reference
Valfurva Zebrù Valley ⓘ Vedretta della Miniera (Cima della Miniera)	Bedognè et al. (2006)
Villa di Chiavenna ⓘ Casnaggina Valley	Bedogné et al. (1995)
ⓘ Chete-Canete area	Bedogné et al. (1995)
Varese Province Curiglia con Monteviasco ⓘ Curiglia	Pezzotta (2005) +1 other reference
Piedmont Metropolitan City of Turin Lessolo Calea ⓘ Brosso Mine	Taricco et al. (2014)
ⓘ Locana	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Piantonetto Valley ⓘ Pian Telessio (Pian Teleccio; Piantelessio)	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Traversella ⓘ Traversella Mine	Gruppo Mineralogico Lombardo (10)
Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province Baveno Oltrefiume Mount Camoscio ⓘ Seula mine	Albertini (1980) +1 other reference
Mergozzo Candoglia ⓘ Candoglia marble quarries	De Michele (1974)
ⓘ Mont'Orfano (Montorfano)	Boriani A. et al. (1988)
Vercelli Province Borgosesia ⓘ Isolella	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Varallo Sesia ⓘ Roccapietra	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Sardinia Metropolitan City of Cagliari Sinnai ⓘ Tuviois Mine (Axareddu Mine)	Busatti (1893)
Nuoro Province Orotelli ⓘ Nuraghe Piscapu pegmatite field	Pani E. (1995)
Oristano Province Marrubiu ⓘ Funtanafigu quarry	Sitta et al. (1983)
Masullas ⓘ Conca Cannas quarry	Sitta et al. (1983)
South Sardinia Province Arburese ⓘ Arbus Pluton (Arburese Pluton)	Secchi et al. (1991) +3 other references
ⓘ Arbus	Moroni et al. (2019)
Fluminimaggiore ⓘ Medau Ganoppi	Stara et al. (1996)
ⓘ Perda S'Oliu Mine	Stara et al. (1996)
Narcao ⓘ Rosas Mine Complex (Rosas Mine)	Pietracaprina et al. (1987)
San Vito ⓘ Arcu Ruggeri (Punta Frarianas; Punta Massenzias; Bruncu Argioledda)	Stara et al. (1993)
Sicily Metropolitan City of Messina Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands) Lipari ⓘ Lipari Island	Pichler (1980)
ⓘ Stromboli Island	Renzulli +4 other references
Messina ⓘ Capo Rasocolmo	Rottura et al. (1993)
Tuscany Grosseto Province Isola del Giglio ⓘ Giglio Island	Faggioni O. et al. (1998)
ⓘ Arenella (Cava del Piccione)	Marinai
ⓘ Gabbianara	Marinai
ⓘ Lazzaretto	Marinai
Roccastrada Roccatederighi ⓘ Rhyolite dome	www.socgeol.info (n.d.)
Livorno Province Porto Azzurro ⓘ Terranera Mine	Garofalo et al. (2023) +1 other reference
Rio Rio Marina ⓘ Ortano coast	Pandeli et al. (2013)
Umbria Perugia Province Spoleto ⓘ Colle Fabbri	Wheeler et al. (1996) +2 other references
Veneto ⓘ Assunta 1 borehole	Meli et al. (2003) +1 other reference
Ivory Coast
Montagnes Tonkpi Biankouma Department ⓘ Samapleu mafic-ultramafic intrusion	Gouedji et al. (2014)
Japan
Fukui Prefecture Mikatakaminaka District Wakasa-cho ⓘ Torihama	Sadanaga et al. (1974)
Fukushima Prefecture Takanuki ⓘ Mt Kamakuradake	Takahata +1 other reference
Gunma Prefecture Tone District ⓘ Minakami	R. Nakanishi specimens
Hokkaidō Prefecture Okhotsk Subprefecture Tokoro District Oketo town ⓘ Oketo rhyolite	Watanabe J and Hasegawa K (1986)
Ibaraki Prefecture Kitaibaraki City Hanazono-river ⓘ Yojiro waterfall	Takahata +1 other reference
ⓘ Mizunuma	Takahata +1 other reference
Taga District Hitachi-machi ⓘ Hitachi Mine	Sadanaga et al. (1974) +1 other reference
ⓘ Tsukuba metamorphic rocks	Shiba (1982)
Iwate Prefecture Kunohe-gun Noda ⓘ Noda-Tamagawa mine	Watanabe (1959)
Tono City Miyamori ⓘ Mt Yakushi	Seki et al. (1957)
Kumamoto Prefecture Uki City ⓘ Toyofuku (Toyobuku)	- (n.d.)
Kyoto Prefecture ⓘ Kameoka City	Rakovan et al. (2006)
ⓘ Gyojayama	Moon Young Kim (1981)
ⓘ Sakuratenjin	Sadanaga et al. (1974)
Kyoto City Sakyou-ku ⓘ Daimonjiyama (Nyoigatake)	Rocks & Minerals 81:284-292
ⓘ Ikenotani-jizo	Yamada (2004)
Mie Prefecture Owase City ⓘ Minamiura	Makoto Haruna pers. comm.
Miyagi Prefecture Shibata District Kawasaki ⓘ Adachi	Matsubara (2003)
Nara Prefecture Yoshino district Tenkawa village ⓘ Omine Mountains	Murata (1982)
Okayama Prefecture Kume District Misaki-cho ⓘ Yanahara mine (Yanahara mining district)	Kano (1963) +1 other reference
Shiga Prefecture Kurimoto ⓘ Sekinotsu	Kotora Jimboh (1899)
Shimane Prefecture Nita District Okuizumo Komaki ⓘ Komaki mine	Takagi et al. (2007)
Shizuoka Prefecture Hamamatsu City Tenryuu-ku Sakuma-cho Nakappe ⓘ Hornfels outcrop	Tsuboi (1936)
Tochigi Prefecture Kanuma City ⓘ Kaso Mine	Akira Kato (undated manuscript)
Tottori Prefecture ⓘ Tari-Misaka Ultramafic Complex	Arai et al. (1994)
Toyama Prefecture Kurobe City ⓘ Unazuki	Kitamura et al. (1982)
Yamaguchi Prefecture Iwakuni City Kuga mine (Kuka mine) ⓘ Umenokigawa	Sadanaga et al. (1974)
Yamanashi Prefecture ⓘ Sangaseyama	Sadanaga et al. (1974)
Kazakhstan
Aktobe Region Khromtau District ⓘ 50 Let Oktyabrya mine	www.portergeo.com.au (2007)
East Kazakhstan Region Kurshim District ⓘ Karchiga deposit	Lobanov et al. (2012)
Tarbagatai Range ⓘ Akzhaylyautas Mountains (Akzhailyautas Mountains; Akjaylautas Mountains; Akzhalautas Mountains)	Evseev (1995)
Madagascar
Androy Ambovombe-Androy Antanimora Sud Commune ⓘ Sakoanomby Ambany East	Knut Edvard Larsen collection (#MM-1646)
Bekily District Manakompy ⓘ Ambatobe	Behier (1960)
ⓘ Tsihombe	Ventura et al. (2012)
Tsihombe Commune ⓘ Belemboka cordierite quarry	T. Praszkier report from site 2012
Anosy Amboasary Sud District Mahaly ⓘ Osumilite occurrence 1	Holder et al. (2018)
ⓘ Tranomaro-Maromby area	JSS photo
Tranomaro ⓘ Osumilite occurrence	Holder et al. (2018)
Betroka District Ianabinda ⓘ Iankaroka corundum occurrence	Rakotondrazafy et al. (2008)
ⓘ Iankaroka phlogopite deposit	Besaire (1966)
ⓘ Voronkafotra (Vorokafotra; Vohidava mine)	Razakamanana et al. (2006 )
Ianakafy ⓘ Ianakafy (Inanakafy)	v. Knorring et al. (1969)
Isoanala ⓘ Ambatomena ruby deposit	Giuliani et al. (2007)
Mahasoa Est ⓘ Manivitsy	Lacroix (1939) +1 other reference
Taolagnaro District Ampasy Nahampoana Bezavona Massif (Mount Bezavona) Ampamatoa ⓘ Nampoana quarry	Behier (1960)
Andranobory ⓘ Cap Andrahomana	Eur. J. Minéral +1 other reference
ⓘ Fort-Dauphin	Behier (1963)
Ihorombe Iakora ⓘ Red cordierite occurrence	Fritsch et al. (2016)
Ihosy District Ihosy Commune ⓘ Colline de Lalanandro quarry	Nicollet (1990) +1 other reference
Mahasoa ⓘ Sakeny corundum deposit	H Besairie: gites mineraux de Madagascar
Sakalalina ⓘ Ankaditany	Behier (1960)
Vakinankaratra Antsirabe II District Ibity ⓘ Ibity massif	Duparc et al. (1910)
Sahanivotry Manandona ⓘ Ambatomanoana	Knut Edvard Larsen collection ( # M-238)
ⓘ NW of Tsilaizina Mountain	Lacroix (1913)
Betafo District ⓘ Antanety	Lacroix (1913)
Mahaiza ⓘ Ambohitranana	Knut Edvard Larsen collection # M-210
Malawi
Central Region Mchinji ⓘ Kachebere Hills	Haslam (1980)
Northern Region Mzimba ⓘ Champirar Dome	Haslam (1983) +1 other reference
Malaysia
Johor Kota Tinggi District ⓘ Waterfall Mine	Foo (1979)
Mauritania
Tiris Zemmour Region F'dérik Tmeimichatt Ghallamane ⓘ MGS No. TGH4514A	Marsh et al. (2015)
Mexico
Mexico Zacazonapan Municipality ⓘ Tizapa Mine	Alfonso et al. (2011)
Middle East
ⓘ Hatrurim Formation	Vapnik et al. (2006)
Mongolia
Dornogovi Province Erdene District ⓘ Khamaryn– Khural–Khiid combustion metamorphic complex	Savina et al. (2020) +1 other reference
Khatanbulag District ⓘ Lugeengol REE deposit	Kononova et al. (1982) +2 other references
Morocco
Béni Mellal-Khénifra Region Khénifra Province Aguelmous Cercle El Hammam Caïdat ⓘ Jbel Aouam	Cheilletz et al. (1988)
Drâa-Tafilalet Region Errachidia Province ⓘ Ougnat Massif	Samaoui et al. (2024)
Marrakesh-Safi Region Al Haouz Province Tahannaout Cercle Aghouatim-Tidrara Caïdat Guemassa Massif ⓘ Hajar Mine	ONA
Marrakech Prefecture Bour Cercle ⓘ Roc Blanc deposit	El Arbaoui et al. (2015)
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra Region Khémisset Province Oulmès Cercle ⓘ El Karit	D. Blamart et al.
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima Region Chefchaouen Province Beni Bousera massif ⓘ Talambiden mine	Gervilla et al. (1990)
ⓘ Filali unit	Afiri et al. (2023)
Myanmar
Mandalay Region Kyaukse District Kyaukse Township ⓘ Shantaung-U - Thandawmywet Range	Maung Thein & Soe Win (1970)
Pyin-Oo-Lwin District Mogok Township Chaung-gyi ⓘ Chaung-gyi-ah-le-ywa	[var: Iolite] Themelis (2008)
Kyauk-Pyat-That ⓘ Kabaing (Ka-Pine; Khabine)	[var: Iolite] Themelis (2008)
Mogok Valley ⓘ Myaw-pyet	[var: Iolite] Themelis (2008)
ⓘ Ohn-bin-ywe-htwet (Coconut Tree mine)	[var: Iolite] Themelis (2008)
ⓘ Ohngaing
ⓘ Singu-Tabeikkyin gold region	Myint et al. (2022)
Namibia
Erongo Region Arandis Constituency ⓘ Husab Mine	Swakop Uranium
Karibib Constituency ⓘ Twin Hills prospects	Shilunga et al. (2022)
Usakos Naob Farm 69 ⓘ Henderson Mine (Anderson Mine)	Bürg et al. (1942)
Swakopmund Constituency ⓘ Hope Mine	von Bezing (2007)
ⓘ Walvis Bay Rural	von Bezing (2007)
ⓘ Gorob Mine	von Bezing (2007)
Khomas Region Windhoek Rural ⓘ Gamsberg area	von Bezing (2007)
ǁKaras Region Karasburg East ⓘ Girtis Farm 109	von Bezing (2007)
ⓘ Hartebeestmund Farm 108	von Bezing (2007)
Nepal
P1 Koshi Pradesh ⓘ Solukhumbu District	M. P. Searle et al. (2003)
ⓘ Taplejung District	Krishna P. Kaphle
Phaktanglung Ikhabu Pegmatite Field ⓘ Yamrang Pegmatite	Bhandari et al. (2022)
New Zealand
ⓘ Auckland Region	Railton et al. (1990)
ⓘ Nelson Region	Railton et al. (1990)
ⓘ Pepin Island	Lauder (1964)
Otago Region Clutha District ⓘ Clinton	Railton et al. (1990)
ⓘ Burning Plain Road	Bishop (1965)
Southland Region Southland District Fiordland National Park ⓘ Preservation Inlet	Railton et al. (1990)
Waikato Region Thames-Coromandel District ⓘ Repanga Island (Cuvier Island)	Black (1970)
West Coast Region Buller District Reefton ⓘ McConnochie Creek	Pirajno (1982)
Westland District Ross ⓘ Mine Creek Mine	Jury (1981)
Nicaragua
Nueva Segovia Department ⓘ San Albino Mine	Lipson et al. (2024)
North Korea
North Pyongan Province ⓘ Chonsan mine	Kim (1994)
Norway
Agder Arendal Ærøya ⓘ Papikeite type locality	Kihle et al. (2022)
Hisøy Havsøysund ⓘ UHT granulite outcrop	Kihle et al. (2010)
Tromøy ⓘ Faervik school	Visser et al. (1991)
ⓘ Hove	Hulzebosch-Sijen et al. (1990)
Froland ⓘ Bøylefoss Bridge	Visser (1993)
Grimstad ⓘ Hasleholmen	Kihle et al. (1992)
Lyngdal ⓘ Skårdal	Ohta (1968)
Risør Akland ⓘ Moland Industrial Site	Garmo (2003) +1 other reference
Søndeled ⓘ Cordierite occurrence	Kihle (2013)
ⓘ Klovestuen	ex Dr. Harry von Eckermann Collection
ⓘ Ravneberget Quarry	Breivik (2001)
ⓘ Tvedestrand	[var: Iolite] Weibye (1848)
ⓘ Amtmannsvingen	collection Øivind Thoresen.
ⓘ Gladstad	Kihle (1989)
ⓘ Lilleholt	Holm (1824)
Østerå ⓘ Østerådalen	Weibye (1848)
Snaresund ⓘ Sunde bridge	Touret et al. (1971)
ⓘ Solbutjernane	Visser et al. (1991)
ⓘ Tangen	Holm (1824)
Buskerud Modum Snarum Dypingdal serpentine-magnesite deposit ⓘ Øvre Dypingdal Mine	Grew et al. (1998)
Innlandet Skjåk ⓘ Framruste	Garmo (2006)
ⓘ Raudalen	Garmo (2007)
Møre og Romsdal Sande ⓘ Sandsøya	Root et al. (2005)
Rogaland Bjerkreim ⓘ Faurefjell	Hermans et al. (1975)
ⓘ Ørsdalen Mines	Urban (1971)
Vikeså Ivesdalsfjellet ⓘ Sapphirine locality	Hermans et al. (1976)
Karmøy ⓘ Southwestern Karmøy	Sturt et al. (1978)
Lund Flatestøl ⓘ Almgjotheii	phase relations +1 other reference
Sauda ⓘ Birkeland mines (Sauda mines)	Bryhni (1993)
Svalbard Spitsbergen Albert I Land Magdalenafjorden ⓘ Wagonway Glacier	Ohta (1968)
Telemark Bamble ⓘ Bjordammen	Visser et al. (1991)
ⓘ Hullvann	Wel (1973)
ⓘ Brekke	Erdmann (1840) +1 other reference
ⓘ Essedumpa
Kragerø ⓘ Fossingfjord	Ramsay et al. (1971)
ⓘ Magnesiodumortierite occurrence	Jan Kihle photos & identification.
Sannidal ⓘ Barland	Kihle (1993)
ⓘ Roadcuts along Fv 38	Nordrum (2012)
ⓘ Steinsund	Weibye (1848)
Valberg ⓘ Valberg Quarry	Nordrum (2000)
Troms og Finnmark Loppa Øksfjord ⓘ Øksfjord-Langfjord	Elvevold et al. (1996)
ⓘ Sørøya	Michalsen (2010)
Trøndelag Holtålen Haltdalen ⓘ Rødhammeren Mine	Nilsen (1971)
Leka Hortavær Complex ⓘ Store Måsøy	Gustavson
Pakistan
Gilgit-Baltistan Shigar District Braldu Valley ⓘ K2 Peak	M. P. Searle et al. (1986)
Peru
Arequipa Caravelí Province Atico District ⓘ Chaparra deposit	Yáñez et al. (2014, May)
Lima Huaral Province Huaral District ⓘ María Teresa deposit	Pichardo et al. (2019)
Puno Carabaya Province ⓘ Macusani	O'Connor et al. (2018)
ⓘ Macusani Uranium deposits (Quenamari Meseta)	Li (2016)
Melgar Province ⓘ San Rafael Mine	Mlynarczyk et al. (2003) +3 other references
Poland
Lesser Poland Voivodeship Kraków City County Gmina Wielka Wieś Będkowice ⓘ Będkowska Dolina borehole	Koszowska et al. (1994)
Lower Silesian Voivodeship Dzierżoniów County Gmina Niemcza Gilów ⓘ Gilów pegmatite	Pieczka A. et al. (2004)
Nowa Wieś Niemczańska ⓘ An old quarry	Lis et al. (1986)
Jawor County Gmina Mściwojów ⓘ	86. +2 other references
Kamienna Góra County Gmina Kamienna Góra ⓘ Czarnów	Lis et al. (1986)
Karkonosze County Karpacz ⓘ Mount Śnieżka	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Kowary	Lis et al. (1986)
Szklarska Poręba ⓘ Mount Czarna	Lis et al. (1986)
Kłodzko County Gmina Kłodzko ⓘ Jaszkowa Górna	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Marcinów	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Rogówek	...
Gmina Nowa Ruda Przygórze Bolesław Mine ⓘ Przygórze heap ?	Łukasz Kruszewski PXRD data
ⓘ Jaszkówka	Lis et al. (1986)
Lubań County ⓘ Lubań	Lis et al. (1986)
Lwówek Śląski County Gmina Mirsk ⓘ Rębiszów	Adamczyk Z. (2008)
Polkowice County Gmina Chocianów Chocianów ⓘ Chocianów IG-3 borehole	Idzikowski et al. (1974) +1 other reference
Strzelin County Gmina Strzelin ⓘ Kuropatnik ?	Lis et al. (1986)
Świdnica County Gmina Marcinowice Wirki ⓘ 'Wiry' magnesite mine	Harańczyk C. (1970)
Gmina Strzegom ⓘ Goczałków Górny	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Graniczna	Lis et al. (1986)
Jaroszów ⓘ Calc-silicate rocks outcrop	Lis et al. (1986)
Gmina Świdnica ⓘ Bystrzyca Górna	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Michałkowa pegmatites	Eligiusz Szełęg collection
ⓘ Pogorzała	Lis et al. (1986)
Wałbrzych ⓘ Kozice	Lis et al. (1986)
Wałbrzych County Gmina Walim ⓘ Dziećmorowice	Lis et al. (1986) +1 other reference
ⓘ Gabe Gottes mine	Muszer et al. (2006) +1 other reference
Zagórze Śląskie ⓘ Zagórze Śląskie Dam pegmatite occurrence	Lis et al. (1986)
Ząbkowice Śląskie County Gmina Ząbkowice Śląskie Szklary ⓘ Mt. Szklana Mine (Szklary pegmatite)	Pieczka et al. (2013) +2 other references
Gmina Złoty Stok ⓘ Mąkolno	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Złoty Stok	Eligiusz Szełęg collection
ⓘ Mount Krzyżowa	Lis et al. (1986)
Zgorzelec County Gmina Bogatynia Działoszyn ⓘ Działoszyn granite quarry ?	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Wigancice Żytawskie ?	Lis et al. (1986)
Złotoryja County Gmina Pielgrzymka Pielgrzymka ⓘ Pielgrzymka basalt quarry	Kardymowicz (1967)
Gmina Świerzawa Biegoszów ⓘ Krzeniów basalt quarry	Lis et al. (1986)
Opole Voivodeship Nysa County Gmina Głuchołazy ⓘ Sławniowice	Marcinowski 2004 +1 other reference
Silesian Voivodeship Będzin County Wojkowice ⓘ Jowisz mine heap	Ł. Kruszewski visual inspection & ...
ⓘ Wojkowice burning coal-mining heap	Ł. Kruszewski visual inspection & ...
Katowice Wełnowiec-Józefowiec ⓘ "Alpy" dump	Pierwoła
Pszczyńa County ⓘ Mizerów peat bog	Szopa +4 other references
ⓘ Strumień peat bog	Szopa +4 other references
Rybnik Chwałowice ⓘ Jankowice mine heap	Łukasz Kruszewski preliminary ...
Wodzisław County Wodzisław Śląski Pszów ⓘ Rydułtowy-Anna coal-mining heap	Łukasz Kruszewski visual/comparative ...
Zawiercie County Gmina Pilica ⓘ Pilica	Wolska A. & Koszowska E. 2009: Thermal ...
Portugal
Aveiro Arouca Covelo de Paivó ⓘ Regoufe Mines	Sant’Ovaia et al. (2023)
Castelo Branco Idanha-a-Nova União das Freguesias de Zebreira e Segura ⓘ Cerro Queimado	Cathelineau et al. (2024)
ⓘ Segura Mines (Segura mining field)	Antunes et al. (2013) +1 other reference
ⓘ Panasqueira Mines	Bull. Minéral. +4 other references
Portalegre Nisa Nossa Senhora da Graça Poio ⓘ Tarabau Mine	Pinto et al. (2012)
Romania
Arad County Highiş Massif ⓘ Covăsinţ	Varga et al. (2023)
Brașov County ⓘ Racoş (Racoşul de Jos)	Szakáll
ⓘ Basalt quarry	Szakáll et al. (2010)
Caraş-Severin County Dognecea ⓘ Dognecea mine	collected by Nicu Pascanu
ⓘ Ocna de Fier	Stefan Nicolescu (1996) +1 other reference
Harghita County ⓘ Ditrău Complex	Hirtopanu Paulina et al. (2013)
Jolotca (Orotva) ⓘ Adit No 25	Hirtopanu et al. (2000)
Maramureș County Groșii Țibleșului ⓘ Mt. Hudin	Szakáll (2002)
Russia
Altai Krai Krasnoshchyokovsky District Harlovo (Kharlovo) ⓘ Kharlovsk Fe-Ti deposit	I.I Likhanov et al.
Buryatia Mama River Basin Maigunda River ⓘ Burpala alkaline massif	Vladykin et al. (2017)
Chelyabinsk Oblast ⓘ Chelyabinsk coal basin	Cesnokov et al. (1998)
ⓘ Kopeysk
ⓘ Coal mine No. 45	Gorelova et al. (2023)
Korkinsky District ⓘ Korkino	Sharygin et al. (2010)
Plastovsky District Plast Kochkar' District ⓘ Svetlinskoe quartz deposit	Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Bilibinsky District ⓘ Karalveem deposit	Savva et al. (2022)
Chaunskii District (Chaun) ⓘ Chaunskij meteorite (Chaunskiy meteorite)	Zaslavskaya et al. (1991, March) +1 other reference
Irkutsk Oblast ⓘ Ol'khonskiye Vorota Strait (Olkhon Gate)	AmMin 81:249-254 (1996) +2 other references
Kabardino-Balkaria Elbrussky District Tyrnyauz Urban Settlement Tyrnyauz Mo-W deposit ⓘ Slepaya Zalezh ore body	Gramenitskiy et al. (2019)
Kamchatka Krai Milkovsky District Tolbachik Volcanic field Mountain 1004 ⓘ Southern fumarole field	Shchipalkina et al. (2020)
Khabarovsk Krai Ayano-Maysky district ⓘ Konder alkaline-ultrabasic massif	Lennikov et al. (2004)
Stanovoi Range ⓘ Bogide river	Bogdanova N.G. et al. (1980)
Krasnodar Krai Taman Peninsula ⓘ Karabetova mountain (Karabetova Salse)	Kokh et al. (2023)
Krasnoyarsk Krai Maimecha and Kotui Rivers Basin Odikhincha massif ⓘ Peralkaline nepheline-syenite pegmatite	[var: Iolite] Zaitsev et al. (2022)
Severo-Yeniseysky District ⓘ Mayakon area	Sokol et al. (2023)
ⓘ Panimba area	Sokol et al. (2023)
Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District ⓘ Popigai impact crater (Popigai impact structure)	Vishnevsky et al. (1999)
Magadan Oblast Omsukchansky District Ducat ore field ⓘ Lunnyi Mine (Lunnoye)	Sergeevna (2020)
Tenkinsky District Ust-Omchug ⓘ Rodionovskoe gold–quartz deposit	Volkov et al. (2016)
ⓘ Moscow	Pekin et al. (2010) +1 other reference
ⓘ Boenskaya well	Pekin et al. (2010) +1 other reference
Murmansk Oblast ⓘ Khibiny Massif	...
Kovdorsky District ⓘ Kovdor Massif	[var: Iolite] Mikhailova et al. (2018)
Kukisvumchorr Mt ⓘ Svintsovyi Ruchei (Lead Creek)	Azarova et al. (2008)
ⓘ Lovozero Massif	...
ⓘ Takhtarvumchorr Mt	Yakovenchuk et al. (2019)
Republic of Karelia ⓘ Lake Jänisjärvi	Zamiatina et al. (2022)
Loukhsky District Tedino Dyadino lake ⓘ Dyadina Gora	Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Sakha	[World of Stones 12:49]
Aldan ⓘ Tayezhnoe Fe-B skarn (Tayozhnoye)	Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Verkhoyansk District Yana River Basin Yana-Adycha Region ⓘ Arga-Ynnakh-Khaya granite Massif	Romanova et al. (in Russian) +1 other reference
Sverdlovsk Oblast Prigorodny District Yuzhakovo ⓘ Alabashka pegmatite field	Sokol et al. (2010)
ⓘ Buzheninov Bor	Sokol et al. (2010)
ⓘ Kordieritovaya Yama	Sokol et al. (2010)
ⓘ Mokrusha Mine	Sokol et al. (2010)
ⓘ Startsevskaya mine	Kievlenko et al. (2003)
Rezhevsky District Lipovsk pegmatite field ⓘ Lipovka Mine (Lipovskoe Mine; Lipovskaya Mine; Lipovaya Mine)	Zap. Vseross. Mineral. Obshch. (2) +3 other references
Zabaykalsky Krai Gazimuro-Zavodsky District ⓘ Kultuma Deposit	Svetlitskaya et al. (2022)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Vincent ⓘ Soufrière Saint Vincent	Journal of Petrology 10:1721-1764
Singapore
ⓘ Pulau Tekong	Oliver et al. (2014)
Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Banská Štiavnica District ⓘ Banský Studenec	Koděra (1986)
Detva District ⓘ Vígľašská Huta-Kalinka	Rojkovičová
Lučenec District ⓘ Šiatorská Bukovinka	Ďuďa
Rimavská Sobota District Hnúšťa ⓘ Mútnik deposit	Koděra (1986)
Žiar nad Hronom District Kremnica ⓘ Kremnica Au-Ag deposit	Ďuďa (1993)
Zvolen District Breziny ⓘ Breziny quarry	Koděra (1986)
Dobrá Niva ⓘ Dobrá Niva andesite quarry	Koděra (1986)
Košice Region Košice-okolie District ⓘ Zlatá Idka	Pauliš et al. (2002)
Rožňava District Ochtiná ⓘ Ochtiná-Rochovce Mo-W deposit	Koděra et al. (2025)
ⓘ Slavošovce	Koděra (1986)
Nitra Region Zlaté Moravce District ⓘ Skýcov	Koděra (1986)
Prešov Region Prešov District Fintice ⓘ Fintice quarry	Ďuďa
Záhradné ⓘ Záhradné quarry	Ďuda et al. (2012)
Vranov nad Topľou District Vechec ⓘ Vechec quarry	Košuth M. +1 other reference
Žilina Region Námestovo District Námestovo Slanica ⓘ Magura meteorite	Cohen E. and Weinschenk E. (1891)
South Africa
Free State Fezile Dabi District Municipality ⓘ Vredefort impact structure	Gibson R (2008)
KwaZulu-Natal Ugu District Municipality ⓘ Marble Delta	Cairncross et al. (1995)
Limpopo Vhembe District Municipality Musina Local Municipality ⓘ Musina	Cairncross (1991) +1 other reference
ⓘ Artonvilla Mine	Moore et al. (2016)
ⓘ Messina Mine	Cairncross (1991) +1 other reference
Waterberg District Municipality Mogalakwena Local Municipality Mokopane Turfspruit farm ⓘ Flatreef deposit	Grobler et al. (2019)
ⓘ Tweefontein Farm	McCutcheon (2013)
Northern Cape Namakwa District Municipality Kamiesberg Local Municipality ⓘ Bok se Puts Farm	Moore et al. (1990)
Khâi-Ma Local Municipality ⓘ Aggeneys	Cairncross et al. (1995)
ⓘ Black Mountain (Swartberg mine)	Rudnick et al. (2013)
Nama Khoi Local Municipality ⓘ Dabeeb farm	Contrib Mineral Petrol (1985)
ⓘ Hytkoras farm	Contrib Mineral Petrol (1985)
ⓘ Namaqualand metamorphic complex	Hokada et al. (2001)
ⓘ Okiep Copper District	Econ Geol. (1995)
Pixley ka Seme District Municipality Siyathemba Local Municipality Copperton ⓘ Prieska copper mine (Copperton deposit)	Cairncross et al. (1995) +1 other reference
ZF Mgcawu District Municipality !Kheis Local Municipality ⓘ Kantienpan farm	Rozendaal et al. (2017)
Kai !Garib Local Municipality ⓘ Adjoining Geelvloer	Rozendaal et al. (2017)
Western Cape City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality ⓘ Hout Bay	Cairncross et al. (1995)
Garden Route District Municipality George Local Municipality ⓘ George	Cairncross et al. (1995)
Spain
Andalusia Almería Níjar ⓘ El Hoyazo	Memory of Geologic Map MAGNA/50 sheet #1.046 (Carboneras) +1 other reference
ⓘ Rambla de las Granatillas	Calvo (2018)
ⓘ Sorbas	Wagenplast (1997)
Córdoba Hornachuelos Sierra Albarrana ⓘ Cerro de la Sal quarry	Maria del Mar Abad-Ortega and Fernando ...
Málaga Carratraca ⓘ Los Jarales	Gervilla et al. (1990)
ⓘ El Ingles mine	Romero Silva (2003)
ⓘ San Agustín	Gervilla et al. (1990)
Cártama ⓘ Trascastillo	Alejandro Sánchez Jiménez
ⓘ Viñas Viejas pegmatite outcrops	Alejandro Sánchez Jiménez
Estepona ⓘ Padrón river	Romero Silva (2003) +1 other reference
Igualeja ⓘ El Robledal Mine (Cañuelo skarn)	González-Pérez et al. (2023)
La Viñuela ⓘ Matilde Mine	Romero Silva (2003)
ⓘ Mijas	Colección Juan A.M. Barnestein
Ojén ⓘ La Concepción mine	Romero Silva (2003) +1 other reference
Ojén lherzolite massif ⓘ La Gallega Mine	Am Min 57:3 pp 354-363 +2 other references
Torrox ⓘ Cerro Pastora	Romero Silva (2003)
Castile-La Mancha Albacete Elche de la Sierra ⓘ Cerro Morote	Abad +3 other references
Guadalajara ⓘ Hiendelaencina	Calvo et al. (1992)
ⓘ Santa Cecilia Mine	Fabre (n.d.)
Toledo Toledo ⓘ Fuente de los Jacintos	Jiménez Martínez et al. (2012)
Castile and Leon Salamanca Aldehuela de la Bóveda ⓘ Aldehuela de la Bóveda pegmatite	Roda et al. (2001)
Garcirrey ⓘ Julita quarry (Cañada pegmatite)	Encarnación Roda-Robles (2007)
Catalonia Girona Alt Empordà Cadaqués ⓘ Cap de Creus	Bareche (2005)
ⓘ El Port de la Selva	& locality references +1 other reference
Mont-ras ⓘ Coll de la Boquera	Martins da Pedra photo
Lleida Aran (Val d'Aran; Aran Valley) Arres ⓘ Victoria Mine
Tarragona Conca de Barberà Vimbodí i Poblet ⓘ Bosc de Poblet	Canet et al. (2003)
Ceuta ⓘ Monte Hacho	J. Kornprobst: "Petrographical study of ...
Community of Madrid ⓘ Buitrago del Lozoya	Angel Ortiz Maellas Aom photo
La Cabrera ⓘ La Cabrera pluton	Tánago et al. (2012)
Extremadura Cáceres ⓘ Belvis de Monroy	Merino et al. (2013)
Villar del Pedroso ⓘ Villar del Pedroso granite	Orejana et al. (2012)
Murcia Mazarrón ⓘ Mazarrón shipwreck II	Doménech-Carbó et al. (2024)
ⓘ Rambla de las Moreras	Joan Rosell
Sri Lanka	[var: Iolite]
Central Province Nuwara Eliya District ⓘ Munwatte	Kriegsman et al. (1999)
North Central Province ⓘ Elahera District	[var: Iolite] Dissanayake et al. (2000)
North Western Province Kurunegala District Kahatagaha ⓘ Kahatagaha Mine	Touzain et al. (2010)
Sabaragamuwa Province Ratnapura District ⓘ Embilipitiya	Zwaan (1996)
Ratnapura ⓘ Gem gravels	Ceylon Aluvial Mine (Book, Co. 2002)
Western Province Colombo District ⓘ Avissawella	[var: Iolite] Dissanayake et al. (2000)
ⓘ Homagama pegmatite	Grew +5 other references
Suriname
Sipaliwini District ⓘ Maratakka	De Roever et al. (1976)
Sweden
Dalarna County Avesta Möklinta ore field ⓘ Knutsbo mines
Falun ⓘ Falun mine	Wolter et al. (1984) +3 other references
ⓘ Kalvbäck mine
ⓘ Skytt Mine
ⓘ Svärdsjö	Fahlvik et al. (2022)
Svartvik Mines ⓘ Bovik Mine
ⓘ Svartvik Mine
ⓘ Vintjärn mines
Hedemora Garpenberg ⓘ Garpenberg Södra Mine	Öhman et al. (2000)
ⓘ Holmgruve ore field
ⓘ Långvik ore field
ⓘ Ryllshyttan	Jansson et al. (2011)
Leksand ⓘ Insjö copper mines
ⓘ Vargbergsstrecket
Ludvika ⓘ Blötberget ore field
Grängesberg Grängesberg mining field ⓘ Pullero Mines
Saxberget ore field ⓘ Saxberget Mine
Säter Öster Silvberg mining district ⓘ Gumsberg project	Makvandi et al. (2024)
St. Skedevi ⓘ Österby
ⓘ Tomtebo mines
Smedjebacken ⓘ Väster Silvberg	Wilke (1976)
ⓘ Stollberg orefield	33 IGC excursion No 12 +1 other reference
Gävleborg County Ljusdal ⓘ Enåsen Mine	Pieslinger (2023)
Nordanstig Hassela ⓘ Stakholmen quarry	Jonsson (1996) +2 other references
Sandviken ⓘ Västerberg copper mine
Jönköping County Vetlanda Alseda ⓘ Ädelfors	Swedish Nat.Musuem
Kalmar County Västervik Gamleby ⓘ Olserum	Fullerton (2014)
Norrbotten County Kalix Töre ⓘ Sören	old loc descr. from LTU-displaced
Örebro County Askersund ⓘ Ingelsby
Zinkgruvan ⓘ Zinkgruvan mine	Sandström et al. (2011)
Hällefors Hjulsjö ⓘ Bjässhöjden (Kämpetorp)	Hogmalm et al. (2012)
Lindesberg ⓘ Flögfors	Flink (1916)
Nyberget Nyberget ore field ⓘ Mangruvan	Gatedal (n.d.)
Ramsberg ⓘ Forshammar Pegmatite Quarries
Stråssa ⓘ Stråssa ore field	Geijer (1927)
Ljusnarsberg Kopparberg ⓘ Kaveltorp Mines
ⓘ Nya Kopparberget (Ljusnarsbergsfältet; Ljusnarsbergs kopparmalmsgruvor)	Tegengren (1924)
ⓘ Nora	Andersson et al. (2024)
Järnboås ⓘ Silverberget	Gatedal (n.d.)
ⓘ Pershyttan ore field
ⓘ Rödberg Mines
ⓘ Rödbergsgruvan	Andersson et al. (2024)
ⓘ Striberg ore field
Örebro ⓘ Glanshammar
Östergötland County Åtvidaberg ⓘ Åtvidaberg Mining Field
Finspång Doverstorp ore field ⓘ Sätra Mine	Zakrzewski et al. (1982)
Södermanland County ⓘ Brunhult	Flink (1916)
Flen ⓘ Mellösa church	Flink (1916)
Katrineholm Sköldinge ⓘ Kantorp Mines	Magnusson (1936)
ⓘ Skalunda mines	Geijer et al. (1944)
ⓘ Stavs Mines
Nyköping Solsborg ⓘ Roadcut	Zetterqvist (1991)
Vingåker ⓘ Askö mines
Stockholm County Värmdö Ingarö ⓘ Baldersnäs	Flink (1916)
Vaxholm Resarö ⓘ Ytterby
Uppsala County Östhammar Dannemora ⓘ Dannemora Mine
Uppsala Almunge ⓘ Almunge complex
Vattholma ⓘ Strömhag Mine	Wik et al. (2006)
Värmland County Filipstad Gåsborn ⓘ Jakob Pers Mine
Långban Ore District ⓘ Långban Mine	Holtstam et al. (1999)
Nordmark mining district ⓘ Björnberg ore field
Finnshytteberg ore field ⓘ Äng Mines
ⓘ Haborshytte ore field
ⓘ Sandsjöberg ore field	Magnusson (1929)
ⓘ Taberg ore field (Nordmarks Taberg)
ⓘ Persberg
Persberg ore district ⓘ Älgön
ⓘ Björntjärn Mines
ⓘ Gåsgruvan ore field	Sandström et al. (2009)
ⓘ Koberg Zinc Mine	Mineralogical Magazine (1992)
Kroppa ⓘ Hornkull silver mines (Hornkullen)
Pajsberg ⓘ Stora Pajsberg Mine
ⓘ Udden
Västerbotten County Malå ⓘ Adakgruvan
ⓘ Lindsköld Mine (Adak-Lindsköld)	Gavelin
ⓘ Storliden Mine	Imaña et al. (2005, January) +2 other references
Norsjö ⓘ Bjurträsk	E. Grip& R. Frietsch (1973) +1 other reference
Skellefteå Boliden ⓘ Långdal mine
ⓘ Långsele	Erland Grip et al. (1973)
ⓘ Varuträsk	Lynch et al. (2025)
Västmanland County Fagersta Västanfors ⓘ Hedkärra Mine
ⓘ Pol mine
Norberg Getback ore field ⓘ Ås mine	Andersson et al. (2024)
ⓘ Klackberg ore field
ⓘ Malmkärra Mine	Holtstam et al. (2023) +1 other reference
Smörberg ore field ⓘ Södra Hackspikgruvan	Andersson et al. (2024)
Skinnskatteberg Riddarhyttan ⓘ Bäckegruvan	Aksel Österlöf collection
ⓘ Bastnäs Mines	Öhman et al. (2005)
ⓘ Gamla Bastnäs deposit	Andersson et al. (2024)
ⓘ Nya Bastnäs deposit	Andersson et al. (2024)
ⓘ Källfall Mine	Waldemar Lindgren (1925) +1 other reference
ⓘ Persgruvorna deposit	Andersson et al. (2024)
ⓘ Stålklockan mine	Andersson et al. (2024)
ⓘ Storgruvan	Andersson et al. (2024)
ⓘ Stora Stripa
Switzerland
Grisons Maloja Region Bregaglia Upper Val Bregaglia Bondasca Valley ⓘ Pizzo Trubinasca	Stalder et al. (1998)
Castasegna ⓘ Casnaggina Valley	Wenk H.R. et al. (1974) +1 other reference
Val Forno ⓘ Monte del Forno	Stalder et al. (1998)
ⓘ Passo Vazzeda	Stalder et al. (1998)
Moesa Region Lostallo ⓘ Rebolgin Valley	Stalder (1991) +1 other reference
Ticino Leventina Faido Chironico Valley ⓘ Sponda Alp - Pizzo Forno	Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference
Personico ⓘ Miregn	Armbruster et al. (1983) +1 other reference
Locarno Brissago ⓘ Crodolo Valley	Stalder et al. (1998)
Taiwan
Taitung County ⓘ Lanyu Township	Ko-Chun Huang Collection
Tajikistan
Gorno-Badakhshan Ishkoshim ⓘ Darai-Stazh river	Levitskii V.I. (1990) +1 other reference
Kukh-i-Lal (Kukhilal; Kuhi-lal) ⓘ Muzeinaya pegmatite vein (Muzeinyi pegmatite)	Россовский (1963) +2 other references
ⓘ Mulvoj	Grew et al. (1998)
Murghob ⓘ Muzkol Metamorphic Complex 👁 Image	Zatolokina et al. (2023)
Sughd Ayni District Fan-Jagnob coal deposit ⓘ Kukhi-Malik tract	Sharygin et al. (2009)
Zeravshan Range Yagnob River ⓘ Ravat village	Nasdala et al. (1993)
Tanzania
Manyara Region Babati District ⓘ Babati	"Colored Gemstones of Africa"
Hanang District ⓘ Nangwa	Färber (n.d.)
Turkey
Ankara Province Bala District ⓘ Kesikköprü Fe Deposit	Yılmazer et al. (2025)
UK
England Cornwall Roche Trezaise (Tresayes) ⓘ Tresayes Quarry (Polpuff Quarry)	Golley et al. (1995)
St Just Botallack Cliff outcrops ⓘ Botallack Head (Wheal Cock Carn)	Golley et al. (1995)
ⓘ Kenidjack Cliff	Golley et al. (1995)
St Levan ⓘ Porthcurno	Golley et al. (1995)
ⓘ St Michael's Mount	Golley et al. (1995)
Cumbria Allerdale Above Derwent Coledale ⓘ Force Crag Mine
Thornthwaite ⓘ Thornthwaite Mine	Day (1999)
St. John's Castlerigg and Wythburn ⓘ Threlkeld Quarry	Day (1999)
ⓘ Caldbeck Fells Mining Region	Eastwood et al. (1968) +2 other references
Eden Mungrisdale ⓘ Carrock Mine	Stanley (1979) +2 other references
Shap Rural ⓘ Shap Blue Quarry	Day (1999)
Threlkeld Glenderaterra Valley ⓘ Cordierite exposure	J.Ralph site visit 2020
Threlkeld ⓘ Threlkeld Mine	Day (1999)
Devon Teignbridge Widecombe-in-the-Moor ⓘ Leusdon Common	Reid et al. (1912)
West Devon Okehampton Hamlets ⓘ Meldon Aplite Quarry	McLintock (1923) +1 other reference
Northern Ireland County Antrim Cushendall ⓘ Tieveragh	Chinner et al. (1973)
Scotland Argyll and Bute ⓘ Sithean Sluaigh	Smith (1965)
Highland Fort William and Ardnamurchan Ballachulish ⓘ Allt Guibhsachain	Ferry (1996)
Outer Hebrides Isle of Lewis and Harris Harris ⓘ Surinamite-bearing gneiss locality	AmMin 85: 1474-1484
Perth and Kinross Comrie ⓘ Comrie contact aureole	Helmers et al. (1988)
ⓘ Craig More	Stephenson et al. (1999)
Ukraine
Crimea Alushta ⓘ Ayu-Dag Mountain	Alexander I. Tischenko (1996)
Kirovohrad Oblast Kropyvnytskyi Raion ⓘ Klyntsi gold deposit	Alexander Babynin & Eugenia Slivko (1999) +1 other reference
ⓘ Mostovyi occurrence	Lyzhachenko et al. (2019)
Odessa Oblast Podilsk Raion ⓘ Maiskoe gold deposit (Mayske)	Bobrov et al. (2006, August)
Zhytomyr Oblast Korosten Raion ⓘ Perzhanskoe ore field (Perga Be deposit)	Liventseva (n.d.)
United Arab Emirates
ⓘ Bani Hamid complex	Geological Magazine 139 (3)
Uruguay
Lavalleja Department Minas ⓘ Apolonia Mine	Sánchez-Bettucci et al. (2004)
USA
Alaska Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area Ketchikan Mining District Prince of Wales Island Bokan Mountain ⓘ Carol Ann; Carol Ann No. 1; Carol Ann No. 2; Carol Ann No 3; Dotson Prospects	[var: Iolite] Philpotts et al. (1998)
Arizona Cochise County Tombstone Mining District ⓘ Silver Thread Mine	stratigraphy +1 other reference
ⓘ West Side Mine	stratigraphy +1 other reference
Coconino County ⓘ Travertine Canyon occurrence	Clark (1979) +1 other reference
ⓘ Mohave County	Anthony et al. (1995)
Hualapai Mountains Boriana Mining District Boriana Canyon Yucca ⓘ Copper World Mine (Pacific Copper Mine)	MRDS file #10098710. +1 other reference
Hualapai Mining District Pine Peak ⓘ Antler Mine	Conway et al. (1990)
Pinal County Gila River Indian Reservation Sacaton Mountains ⓘ Unnamed occurrence	Bideaux et al. (1960) +1 other reference
California Fresno County Big Dry Creek Mining District Green Mountain ⓘ Winchester Mine	Am Min 35:173-184 +1 other reference
Kern County Greenhorn District (Greenhorn Mountains District) ⓘ Unspecified W-Garnet-Mica-Cordierite occurrences [1]	Best (1964) +2 other references
Lake County East Mayacmas Mining District Howard Springs ⓘ Unnamed Gemstone occurrence [1]	Brice (1953) +1 other reference
Lower Lake ⓘ Gem Stone prospect	Brice (1953) +2 other references
Los Angeles County Beverly Hills Coldwater Canyon End of La Altura Road roadcut ⓘ Coldwater Canyon Chiastolite locality	Hoots (1931) +4 other references
Coldwater & Franklin Canyon Roads junction ⓘ Chiastolite occurrence	Funk (1940) +3 other references
Los Angeles ⓘ Hollywood Hills	Schwartz (1956)
Sepulveda Canyon ⓘ Cordierite occurrence	Hoots (1931) +4 other references
Sierra Pelona Mts (Sierra Pelona Range) Green Valley Bouquet Canyon ⓘ Bouquet Canyon Quarry (Pyle Quarry)	Sharp (1959) +2 other references
Mariposa County ⓘ Green Mountain Mining District (Ben Hur Mining District)	Bradley (1940) +1 other reference
Plumas County Plumas Copper Belt Genesee Valley Mining District (Genesee Mining District) Argentine Rock ⓘ Walker Mine (Walker Brothers Mine; Walker Copper Mine; Native Son Mine [?])	- (2005)
Riverside County Menifee Mining District (Auld Mining District) Winchester ⓘ Hemet Magnesite Mine (Hemet Magnesite property)	Murdoch (1936) +3 other references
San Bernardino County Bighorn Mountains One Hole Spring ⓘ Red Boulder No. 1 prospect (Unnamed REE-U-Th occurrence [1])	Hewett et al. (1957)
Landers Rock Corral ⓘ Unnamed Radioactives prospect	Dibblee et al. (1967b) +2 other references
Santa Barbara County ⓘ Hope Ranch [2]	Kampf et al. (2024)
Santa Cruz County Ben Lomond area ⓘ Locality 217A	Leo (1967) +1 other reference
Tulare County ⓘ Mineral King Mining District	Busby-Spera (1987)
Three Rivers Blossom Peak ⓘ Unnamed Cordierite occurrence [1]	Murdoch (1966) +2 other references
Colorado Boulder County ⓘ Idaho Springs Formation	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Chaffee County	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Cinderella	Berke et al. (2023)
Monarch Mining District ⓘ Bon Ton Mine	Eckel et al. (1997) +3 other references
ⓘ Cindarella No. 7 claim	Eckel et al. (1997) +1 other reference
ⓘ Evergreen	The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43 (2005) +1 other reference
Sedalia Mining District ⓘ Sedalia Mine (Sedalia Copper Mine)	U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... +4 other references
Turret Mining District ⓘ Ace High - Jackpot Prospect	Eckel et al. (1997) +2 other references
ⓘ Independence Mine	- (2005) +1 other reference
Clear Creek County ⓘ Idaho Springs Formation	Eckel et al. (1997)
Upper Union Mining District ⓘ Empire Stock	Eckel et al. (1997)
Custer County ⓘ Amethyst Prospect	Eckel et al. (1997) +2 other references
ⓘ Marion Mine	Eckel et al. (1997) +1 other reference
ⓘ Unnamed Prospect	The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43 (2005)
Dolores County Rico Mountains Rico Mining District (Pioneer Mining District) Expectation Mountain ⓘ Shamrock Mine	- (2005)
ⓘ Fremont County	Eckel et al. (1997)
Canon City Area ⓘ Endicott Mine (Weston-Endicott prospect)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Cotopaxi Mining District Cotopaxi Mine Gulch ⓘ Cotopaxi Mine (Cotopaxi lode; Gumaer Mine; Fannie lode; Fannie Mill)	Am Min 50:1179-1212 +2 other references
ⓘ Dawson Gold project	Zephyr Minerals Ltd.
Eight Mile Park Pegmatite Mining District ⓘ Eight Mile Park	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Grape Creek area	Eckel et al. (1997)
Grape Creek Mining District (Greenhorn Mining District) ⓘ El Plomo Mine	Berke et al. (2023)
ⓘ Green Mountain Mine (Copper Boy Mine)	Eckel et al. (1997) +3 other references
ⓘ Horseshoe Mine (School Section Deposit)	Berke et al. (2023)
ⓘ Hindman Gulch	Eckel et al. (1997)
Texas Creek Area ⓘ Highway 50 roadcut	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Wilson Park	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Gooseberry Gulch Formation	Eckel et al. (1997)
Garfield County ⓘ Mamm Creek	Eckel et al. (1997)
Gilpin County ⓘ Central City Mining District (Central Mining District)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Idaho Springs Formation	Eckel et al. (1997)
Grand County ⓘ East Inlet area	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ High Lonesome occurrence	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Vasquez Mountains	Eckel et al. (1997)
Gunnison County Dorchester Mining District Taylor Park ⓘ Italian Mountain	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Gold Brick Mining District	Journal of Petrology (1991) +1 other reference
Goose Creek Mining District ⓘ Headlight Mine	- (2005)
Jackson County ⓘ Medicine Bow Mountains	Eckel et al. (1997)
Pearl Mining District ⓘ Caprock prospect	Eckel et al. (1997) +2 other references
Swede Group mine (Round Top; Big Horn; Copper Queen) ⓘ Pearl Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Jefferson County ⓘ Bergen Park area	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Blue Mountain	Eckel et al. (1997)
Evergreen Mining District (Malachite Mining District) ⓘ Evergreen area	Spry et al. (2022)
ⓘ F.M.D. Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Idaho Springs Formation	Eckel et al. (1997)
Morrison Area ⓘ Morrison quadrangle	Eckel et al. (1997)
Ralston Buttes Mining District ⓘ Ladwig Group (Ladwig No. 2; Ladwig No. 3; Claims: Ladwig No. 1)	USGS Open-File Report 79-1615
ⓘ Squaw Pass quadrangle	Eckel et al. (1997)
Larimer County ⓘ Glen Haven Quadrangle	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Medicine Bow Mountains	Eckel et al. (1997)
Poudre Park Quadrangle ⓘ Skin Gulch shear zone	Eckel et al. (1997)
Micanite Mining District (Currant Creek Mining District) ⓘ Climax Mine (Mine No. 8 U.S. Mica Company; Climax Mica Mine)	Am Min 35:173-184 +2 other references
ⓘ Famous Lode Mica Prospect (Famous Lodge Pegmatites; Little Joe From Kokomo Claim Adjoining)	- (2005)
Montezuma County ⓘ Rico Mining District (Pioneer Mining District)	- (2005)
ⓘ Park County	Eckel et al. (1997)
Guffey Mining District ⓘ Badger Mountain	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Betty Mine (Lone Chimney Mine; Betty Lowe)	American Mineralogist +5 other references
ⓘ Copper King Mine (Copper Queen Mine)	American Mineralogist
ⓘ Isabell Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Mill Gulch Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Lake George ⓘ St. Joe tunnel	Eckel et al. (1997)
Tarryall Springs Mining District (Puma City) ⓘ Blue Mountain Mine	- (2005)
Routt County Clark ⓘ Greenville Mine (Greenville Shaft prospect)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Connecticut Litchfield County ⓘ Plymouth	old collection label. +1 other reference
Middlesex County ⓘ Chester	Moritz (n.d.)
East Hampton Cobalt ⓘ Great Hill cobalt mines ?	Januzzi et al. (1976)
Haddam ⓘ Chrysoberyl locality	Shepard (1837)
Haddam Neck ⓘ Amphibole-tourmaline-magnetite locality	2015 field observations by Harold Moritz
ⓘ State Route 9 Interchange 13 - Beaver Meadow Road 👁 Image	Rocks & Min.: 70:403 +1 other reference
ⓘ	Weber et al. (1995)
ⓘ Timms Hill (Tim's Hill; Iolite Hill) 👁 Image	Shepard (1841) +2 other references
Portland ⓘ Case Quarries	Collection of David and Brenda Bodnar
ⓘ Case Quarry No. 1 👁 Image	David Bodnar collection
Collins Hill Strickland pegmatite ⓘ Schoonmaker Mine	Am Min 35:173-184
ⓘ Strickland Quarry	Foye (1922)
New Haven County Guilford ⓘ Hungry Hill mineral occurrence 👁 Image	Hovey (1888) +2 other references
ⓘ Oxford	Jeremy Zolan Collection
Waterbury ⓘ East Main Street construction site ?	Visual identification by Mike Polletta ...
New London County ⓘ Norwich	Shepard (1837)
Tolland County Union ⓘ Cordierite locality (Bigelow Pond)	Elwell (1940) +1 other reference
Willington ⓘ Becker Quarry	Ague et al. (2012)
Georgia Lincoln County Lincolnton ⓘ Curry Creek	Cook (1978)
Monroe County Culloden ⓘ Persons Mine	Rocks & Min.: 64:201.
Idaho Clearwater County Dworshak Reservoir area ⓘ Smith Ridge Kyanite deposit	- (2005)
Lemhi County Blackbird Mining District ⓘ Blackbird mine complex	Slack (2007)
Maine Cumberland County Harpswell ⓘ Bombazine Island	...
Hancock County Blue Hill - Castine Mining District Blue Hill ⓘ Blue Hill mine	Economic Geology Vol. 81
ⓘ Douglass Copper Mine	King et al. (1994)
Brooksville ⓘ Black Hawk Mine	King et al. (1991) +1 other reference
ⓘ Mount Desert	Wiebe et al.
Knox County Appleton ⓘ Gushee Farm Area	King et al. (1994)
ⓘ Vinalhaven	keck.wooster.edu (n.d.)
Sagadahoc County Phippsburg ⓘ Small Point	King et al. (1994)
Somerset County ⓘ Sapling Township	King et al. (1994)
York County York ⓘ Cape Neddick	King et al. (1994)
Massachusetts Berkshire County ⓘ New Marlborough	Gleba (2008)
Essex County North Andover ⓘ Marble Ridge ?	Sears (1890)
Hampden County ⓘ Brimfield	Kunz (1890)
Chester ⓘ Chester Emery Mines	Lincks (1978)
ⓘ Wales	A Pictorial Guide to Metamorphic Rocks ...
ⓘ Westfield	Brownlow (MIT thesis)
Hampshire County ⓘ Ware	Emerson (1917)
Middlesex County Marlborough ⓘ Maple St. locality	Emerson (1917)
Worcester County ⓘ Lancaster	Blum Pseudomorph collectin
Phillipston ⓘ Barre Road - Route 101 road cuts	Skehan (2001)
ⓘ Sturbridge	Barker
ⓘ Shumway Hill	Gleba (2008)
ⓘ Warren	Gleba (2008)
Michigan ⓘ Marquette County	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Minnesota Saint Louis County Ely-Hoyt Lakes Area ⓘ Mesaba deposit (Minnamax deposit; Babbitt deposit; Babbitt Lake deposit; Amax Underground Mine)	McSwiggen (1999)
ⓘ Water Hen Occurrence	- (2005)
Montana ⓘ Stillwater Complex	USGS Bull 1674B
Stillwater County ⓘ Mouat Ni-Cu Verdegris Creek prospect	USGS Miscellaneous Field Studies Map ...
Nevada Churchill County Sand Springs Range ⓘ Sand Springs Mining District	J.V. Tingley and J. Quade (1987)
Clark County ⓘ Gold Butte Mining District	Castor et al. (2004)
Humboldt County Osgood Mountains ⓘ Potosi Mining District	Castor et al. (2004)
Adam Peak Getchell Mine ⓘ Turquoise Ridge Underground Mine (Getchell Underground; Hansen Creek pit)	Barrick Gold Corporation
ⓘ Alpine Mine (Porvenir Mine)	- (2005)
ⓘ Ogee Mine	- (2005)
ⓘ Pinson Mine	- (2005)
Sherman Mining District ⓘ Bloody Run Hills	Castor et al. (2004)
Lincoln County Bristol and Jackrabbit Mining Districts ⓘ McCullough Hill	Castor et al. (2004)
Mineral County Fitting Mining District ⓘ Green Talc Mine (Donnelly Andalusite Mine)	Castor et al. (2004)
Nye County Lodi Hills Lodi Mining District Granite camp ⓘ Victory Tungsten Mine (includes Kay Cooper group on East)	Castor et al. (2004)
Pershing County ⓘ Nevada Massachusetts Company	Schilling (1979)
Storey County Comstock Mining District ⓘ South End shaft	Castor et al. (2004)
New Hampshire ⓘ Cheshire County	AmMin 85:16061616
Nelson ⓘ Osgood Graphite Mine	Rumble et al. (1988)
ⓘ Richmond	Schumacher and Robinson (6)
ⓘ Richmond Soapstone Quarry 👁 Image	[var: Iolite] Francis (1988) +1 other reference
ⓘ Stoddard	Meyers et al. (1956)
Grafton County Easton Route 112 ⓘ Wildwood Campground	Rob Lavinsky (ex. Robert Whitmore specimen)
Orford ⓘ Archertown Brook Occurrences	Orange (1985)
ⓘ Cottonstone Mountain	Orange
ⓘ Eastman Ledges	Orange (1985)
ⓘ Northey Hill Line Occurrences	Orange (1985)
Warren ⓘ Ore Hill Mine	April 1986 +4 other references
Wentworth ⓘ Lower Baker Pond Brook Occurrences	Orange (1985)
Merrimack County Franklin ⓘ Routes 11 and 3A junction roadcut
Sullivan County ⓘ Unity	Am Min 35:173-184 +1 other reference
ⓘ Neal Mine	Dana (1844)
New Jersey Bergen County ⓘ Englewood	Manchester (1931)
Somerset County Franklin Township Griggstown ⓘ Griggstown Mine (Franklin Mine)	Manchester (1931)
New Mexico Doña Ana County Organ Mountains ⓘ Organ Mining District	Northrop et al. (1996)
ⓘ Iron Mask claim	Dunham (1935)
ⓘ Merrimac Mine	Dunham (1935) +1 other reference
ⓘ Ophelia claim	Dunham (1935)
ⓘ South Canyon Mining District	Northrop et al. (1996)
Grant County ⓘ Hanover-Fierro Mining District	Northrop et al. (1996)
Luna County Tres Hermanas Mountains Tres Hermanas Mining District South Peak (South Sisters Peak) ⓘ Spurrite skarn lens	NMGS 21st Field Conference
ⓘ Rociada Mining District	Northrop et al. (1996)
San Miguel County ⓘ Good Hope mine	Northrop et al. (1996)
Taos County ⓘ Glenwoody District	Northrop et al. (1996)
ⓘ Picuris District	Northrop et al. (1996)
ⓘ Harding Mine	Jahns et al. (1977)
ⓘ New York	Manchester (1931)
Lewis County Lyonsdale ⓘ Moose River occurrence	Darling
New York City Manhattan (New York County) Washington Heights ⓘ Fort George (192nd Street & Audubon Avenue)	Russell +1 other reference
St. Lawrence County Pierrepont Power's Farm ⓘ Phosphate vein ?	Steve Chamberlain et al (2009)
Westchester County ⓘ Cortlandt Township	Jensen (1978)
ⓘ DiRubbo Emery Quarry	King (n.d.)
North Carolina Dare County ⓘ Stumpy Point Pluton	Speer (1981)
Henderson County ⓘ Fletcher Limestone Company Quarry	Kaltenbach et al. (2007)
Macon County ⓘ Bonanza Mine	Wilson et al. (1978)
ⓘ Cowee Ruby Mine	Pratt (1933)
Mason Mountain ⓘ Ned Wilson Branch	- (2005)
ⓘ Masons Branch (Mason Branch; Mason Mountain Rhodolite Mine)	- (2005)
Mitchell County Spruce Pine ⓘ Crabtree Mine	Dockal et al. (2007)
Oregon Marion County Santiam Mining District (Elkhorn Mining District) Breitenbush-Austin Hot Springs area ⓘ Cinnabar Occurrence	Bargar et al. (1997)
Pennsylvania Lancaster County Conestoga Township Safe Harbor ⓘ Safe Harbor Quarry	Tomlinson (1942)
Rhode Island Providence County ⓘ Cumberland	AmMin 11:334-340
ⓘ Cumberland Hill	Miller (1971)
South Carolina Saluda County ⓘ Clouds Creek Pluton	Speer et al. (1981)
South Dakota Custer County Custer Mining District ⓘ Amphibolite	Roberts et al. (1965)
Texas Llano County ⓘ Packsaddle Mountain	Smith (1991)
U.S. Virgin Islands St. John ⓘ Whistling Cay	Rankin (2002)
Utah Utah County Alpine-Silver Lake Mining District ⓘ Deer Creek	Bullock (1981)
ⓘ Silver Creek	Bullock (1981)
Vermont Rutland County ⓘ Chittenden	Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)
ⓘ Windham County	Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)
ⓘ Windsor County	Nielson (1973)
ⓘ Ascutney Mountain complex	Nielson (1973)
ⓘ Norwich	Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)
Mt Cube Quadrangle ⓘ Post Pond Volcanics	SPEAR (1982)
Virginia Fairfax County ⓘ Unnamed amphibolite	Dietrich (1990)
Loudoun County Chantilly ⓘ Chantilly Quarry	Dietrich (1990)
Pittsylvania County Altavista ⓘ Old Woman Creek	Dietrich (1990)
Rockbridge County Irish Creek ⓘ Cash Mine (Panther Run Mine; Irish Creek Tin Mines)	Rocks&Min. 47:596 (1972)
Washington King County ⓘ Tonga Ridge Cordierite Occurrence	Cannon (1975)
Okanogan County ⓘ Cathinn Creek Valley Cordierite Occurrence	Cannon (1975)
Pend Oreille County ⓘ Blueslide Cordierite Occurrence	Cannon (1975)
Snohomish County Granite Falls Mining District ⓘ Jordan Cordierite Occurrence	Cannon (1975)
ⓘ Mount Pilchuck	Cannon (1975)
Stevens County Orient Mining District ⓘ Galena Hill Mine	Cannon (1975)
Whatcom County ⓘ Castle Peak	Cannon (1975)
Wisconsin Ashland County Bad River ⓘ Penokee Gap	Klasner (1996)
Lincoln County ⓘ Merrill schist	Cordua (1998)
Marathon County ⓘ Hamburg schist	Cordua (1998)
Wausau Intrusive Complex ⓘ Stettin pluton	Rocks & Min.: 62: 190-193.
Rusk County ⓘ Eisenbrey deposit (Thornapple deposit)	May (1996)
Ladysmith ⓘ Flambeau Mine	May +1 other reference
Wyoming Albany County Laramie Range Mining District ⓘ Laramie Range Kyanite occurrence	- (2005)
ⓘ Palmer Canyon vermiculite deposit (Rolf Deposit)	Hausel et al. (2001)
Fremont County ⓘ South Pass-Atlantic City Mining District	McGowan et al. (2026)
Atlantic City ⓘ Rose Mine	Rocks & Minerals (2001)
Uzbekistan
Sirdaryo ⓘ Koytash Mine	Ashirov et al. (2023)
Zambia
Lusaka Province Rufunsa District ⓘ Lusakite occurrence	Skerl et al. (1934)
North-Western Province Solwezi District ⓘ Kansanshi Mine	MacIntyre (2019)
Zimbabwe
Mashonaland Central Rushinga District ⓘ Treasure Casket prospect	Cairncross (2004)
Mashonaland East Mutoko District (Mtoko District) ⓘ Mutoko parish (Mtoko)	Cairncross (2004)
Mashonaland West Karoi District ⓘ Magondi belt	Grew et al. (1997)
ⓘ Makuti area	Cairncross (2004)
ⓘ Makuti	Bartholomew (1990)
Matabeleland North Hwange District Dete (Dett) ⓘ Gwayi River Mine	Bahnemann
Matabeleland South Beitbridge District ⓘ Rainbow Mite Mine	Cairncross (2004)

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⇱ Cordierite: Mineral information, data and localities.

Cordierite

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