Phacopidae is a family of phacophid trilobites that ranges from the Lower Ordovician to the Upper Devonian, with representatives in all paleocontinents.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phacopidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 4.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4632987	https://www.gbif.org/species/4632987
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	56891	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=56891

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Phacopidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
class	Trilobita	Walch 1771
order	Phacopida	Salter 1864
suborder	Phacopina	Struve 1959
superfamily	Phacopoidea	Hupe 1953
family	Phacopidae	Hawle and Corda 1847

Scientific Name

Phacopidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Phacopidae	family	belongs to Phacopida	stated with evidence	Whittington et al., 1997
Phacopidae	family	belongs to Phacopoidea	stated without evidence	Sepkoski, 1998
Phacopidae	family	belongs to Phacopoidea	stated with evidence	Adrain, 2011

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

470 - 458 Ma
Middle Ordovician

Last Recorded Appearance

365 - 354 Ma
Paleozoic

Environment

marine (based on Trilobita)

Motility

fast-moving (based on Trilobita)

Vision

well-developed

Diet

carnivore (based on Phacopina)

Ontogeny

molting,addition of parts (based on Trilobita)

Ecospace Comments

BODY SIZE: Based on component genera; 5 of 5 genera share 10 to < 100 length, 5 of 5 share 10 to < 100 width.

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite, chitin (based on Trilobita)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

T. J. A. Reijers. 1972. Facies and diagenesis of the Devonian Portilla Limestone Formation between the River Esla and the embalse de la Luna, Cantabrian Mountains, Spain. Leidse Geologische Mededelingen 47(2):163-249

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phacopidae

External Images

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Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest
👁 Image Phacopinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	10	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
👁 Image Acernaspis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	135	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	439 Ma Silurian
👁 Image Acuticryphops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	380 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	380 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Adastocephalum ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Afrops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Altaesajania ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Ananaspis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	20	443 Ma Silurian	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Austerops genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
👁 Image Babinops ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Boeckops ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Burtonops ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Chotecops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	409 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	409 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Cordapeltis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Cryphops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	383 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Denckmannites ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	22	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Dianops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	365 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Dienstina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	443 Ma Silurian	443 Ma Silurian
👁 Image Drotops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	388 Ma Middle Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
👁 Image Ductina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Echinophacops ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Eldredgeops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	234	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	383 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Eocryphops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Eophacops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	47	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	423 Ma Silurian
👁 Image Geesops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
👁 Image Kainops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Lochkovella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Morocops genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
👁 Image Nephranops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Nyterops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
👁 Image Omegops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	14	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	365 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Paciphacops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	17	443 Ma Silurian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Pedinopariops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
👁 Image Phacopidella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	15	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Phacops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	353	458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	365 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Plagiolaria ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Prokops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Reedops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	59	427 Ma Silurian	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Sambremeusaspis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
👁 Image Signatops ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	409 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Struveaspis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	12	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
👁 Image Trimerocephalus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	409 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	371 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
👁 Image Zaplaops ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	439 Ma Silurian	433 Ma Silurian

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1847	Phacopidae Hawle and Corda pp. 1-176
1997	Phacopidae Whittington et al. p. 300
1998	Phacopidae Sepkoski
2004	Phacopidae Sandford
2011	Phacopidae Adrain p. 106

References

Reijers T. J. A. (1972) Facies and diagenesis of the Devonian Portilla Limestone Formation between the River Esla and the embalse de la Luna, Cantabrian Mountains, Spain, Leidse Geologische Mededelingen 47 2, 163-249

Whittington H. B., Chatterton B. D. E., et al (1997) Trilobita. Introduction, Order Agnostina, Order Redlichiida. Volume 1, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology O, 1-530

Sandford A. C. (2004) Palaeogeographic setting of a deep-water trilobite fauna from the Early Devonian (Pragian) of the Upper Yarra, central Victoria. Phacopidae of Victoria, Part 3, Alcheringa 28, 113-128

Adrain J. M. (2011) Class Trilobita Walch, 1771, Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness 3148, 104-109

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

extinct group - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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URL: https://www.mindat.org/taxon-4632987.html

⇱ Phacopidae

👁 Image
Phacopidae ✝

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Synonymy List

References

URL: https://www.mindat.org/taxon-4632987.html

⇱ Phacopidae

👁 ImagePhacopidae ✝

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Synonymy List

References

👁 Image
Phacopidae ✝