The Ostreidae, the true oysters, include most species of molluscs commonly consumed as oysters. Pearl oysters are not true oysters, and belong to the order Pteriida.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostreidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 4.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	6871	https://www.gbif.org/species/6871
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	61529	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=61529

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Pteriomorphia
-	Ostreomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Ostreioni	Ferussac 1822
-	Ostreata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Ostreiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Ostreida
suborder	Ostreidina
superfamily	Ostreoidea	(Rafinesque 1815)
family	Ostreidae	Rafinesque 1815

Common Name

oyster

Scientific Name

Ostreidae

Name Published In

Analyse Nature: 148

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Pelecypoda	stated with evidence	Stanton, 1895
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostracea	stated with evidence	Glenn, 1904
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Pelecypoda	stated without evidence	Clark and Arnold, 1923
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostracea	stated without evidence	Woodring, 1925
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated with evidence	Newell, 1965
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Pterioida	stated without evidence	Ronchetti, 1970
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated with evidence	Vokes, 1980
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated without evidence	Dockery, 1982
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated with evidence	Gliozzi and Malatesta, 1983
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated without evidence	Squires, 1984
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated with evidence	Moore, 1987
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated without evidence	Squires, 1987
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated with evidence	Beu et al., 1990
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated with evidence	Ward, 1992
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated without evidence	Todd, 2001
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreacea	stated with evidence	Marquet, 2002
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated without evidence	Stilwell et al., 2004
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Pterioida	stated without evidence	Spencer et al., 2004
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated without evidence	Rosenberg, 2005
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated with evidence	Beu, 2006
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated without evidence	Rosenberg et al., 2006
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	implied	Nevesskaja, 2009
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated without evidence	Lam and Morton, 2009
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated with evidence	Carter et al., 2011
Ostreidae	family	belongs to Ostreoidea	stated without evidence	Ros-Franch et al., 2014

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

439

Extant Size (PBDB)

81 (18%)

First Recorded Appearance

279 - 272 Ma
Permian

Environment

hypersaline,marine,brackish

Motility

stationary, attached

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder

Ecospace Comments

LIFE HISTORY: EP, IM, CE, SU according to Todd (2001).

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite

Primary Reference (PBDB)

H. E. Vokes. 1980. Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue. Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Common Name(s)

Austern, Oesters, Ostron, Ostréidés, Oysters, イタボガキ, Oyster

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostreidae

External Images

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Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest
👁 Image Crassostreinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)	160	156 Ma Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Ostreinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)	1,366	279 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Saccostreinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Striostreinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)	50	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Actinostreon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	662	232 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
👁 Image Acutostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	165	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	28.1 Ma Oligocene
👁 Image Alectryonella genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	3.60 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Ambigostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	319	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anomiostrea genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
👁 Image Anulostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Arctostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	49	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
👁 Image Booneostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Conradostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	78	16.0 Ma Miocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
👁 Image Crassostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	691	145 Ma Late Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Cubitostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	390	201 Ma Early Jurassic	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
👁 Image Curvostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	78	109 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
👁 Image Dendostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	152	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Denostrea genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Fatina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	86.3 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
👁 Image Flemingostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	82	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	28.1 Ma Oligocene
👁 Image Kulunostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	48.6 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
👁 Image Laevostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	145 Ma Late Jurassic	145 Ma Late Jurassic
👁 Image Lopha genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	398	279 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Magallana genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
👁 Image Margostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nanostrea genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
👁 Image Nicaisolopha genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	46	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Pycnodonte ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	21	55.8 Ma Eocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
👁 Image Odontogryphaea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	55	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	38.0 Ma Eocene
👁 Image Oscillolopha ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
👁 Image Oscillopha ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	48	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
👁 Image Ostraea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2,650	260 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Ostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	38	48.6 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Peilinia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	28	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
👁 Image Planostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Pseudoperna ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	81	93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
👁 Image Pulvinostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
👁 Image Pustulostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Quadrostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Rastellum genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
👁 Image Saccostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	43	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Striostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	50	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
👁 Image Talonostrea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	0 Ma Extant
Teskeyostrea genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
👁 Image Turkostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	18	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	38.0 Ma Eocene
👁 Image Umbrostrea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	115	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Englandina jacksoni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Englandina pygmaea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Englandina texasiana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1815	Ostreidae Rafinesque
1895	Ostreidae Stanton p. 34
1904	Ostreidae Glenn p. 380
1923	Ostreidae Clark and Arnold p. 138
1925	Ostreidae Woodring p. 59
1931	Ostreidae Olsson p. 40
1957	Ostreidae Rivera p. 191
1958	Ostreidae DuBar p. 157
1965	Ostreidae Newell p. 18
1970	Ostreidae Ronchetti p. 59
1980	Ostreidae Vokes p. 65
1982	Ostreidae Dockery p. 53
1983	Ostreidae Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 90
1984	Ostreidae Squires p. 44
1987	Ostreidae Moore pp. 17, 24
1987	Ostreidae Squires p. 58
1987	Ostreidae Ward and Blackwelder p. 129
1990	Ostreidae Beu et al. p. 396
1992	Ostreidae Ward p. 76
2000	Ostreidae Coan et al. p. 211
2001	Ostreidae Todd
2002	Ostreidae Marquet
2004	Ostreidae Spencer et al.
2004	Ostreidae Stilwell et al. p. 21
2005	Ostreidae Rosenberg p. 53
2006	Ostreidae Beu pp. 210, 212
2006	Ostreidae Bieler and Mikkelsen p. 229
2006	Ostreidae Rosenberg et al.
2009	Ostreidae Lam and Morton p. 482
2009	Ostreidae Nevesskaja
2010	Ostreidae Bouchet et al.
2011	Ostreidae Carter et al. p. 8
2014	Ostreidae Ros-Franch et al.
1815	Ostreidae Rafinesque

Year	Name and Author
1895	Ostreidae Stanton p. 34
1904	Ostreidae Glenn p. 380
1923	Ostreidae Clark and Arnold p. 138
1925	Ostreidae Woodring p. 59
1931	Ostreidae Olsson p. 40
1957	Ostreidae Rivera p. 191
1958	Ostreidae DuBar p. 157
1965	Ostreidae Newell p. 18
1970	Ostreidae Ronchetti p. 59
1980	Ostreidae Vokes p. 65
1982	Ostreidae Dockery p. 53
1983	Ostreidae Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 90
1984	Ostreidae Squires p. 44
1987	Ostreidae Moore pp. 17, 24
1987	Ostreidae Squires p. 58
1987	Ostreidae Ward and Blackwelder p. 129
1990	Ostreidae Beu et al. p. 396
1992	Ostreidae Ward p. 76
1999	Ostreidae Squires p. 18
2000	Ostreidae Coan et al. p. 211
2001	Ostreidae Todd
2002	Ostreidae Marquet
2004	Ostreidae Spencer et al.
2004	Ostreidae Stilwell et al. p. 21
2005	Ostreidae Rosenberg p. 53
2006	Ostreidae Beu pp. 210, 212
2006	Ostreidae Bieler and Mikkelsen p. 229
2006	Ostreidae Rosenberg et al.
2009	Ostreidae Lam and Morton p. 482
2009	Ostreidae Nevesskaja
2010	Ostreidae Bouchet et al.
2011	Ostreidae Carter et al. p. 8
2014	Ostreidae Ros-Franch et al.
2018	Ostreidae Squires p. 4

References

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Stanton T. W. Contributions to the Cretaceous paleontology of the Pacific coast. : The fauna of the Knoxville, Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 133, 1-132 doi:10.3133/b133

Glenn L. C. (1904) Pelecypoda, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene Text, 274-401

Clark B. L., Arnold R. (1923) Fauna of the Sooke Formation Vancouver Island, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 14 5, 123-234

Woodring W. P. (1925) Miocene Molluscs from Bowden, Jamaica. Part 1: Pelecypods and Scaphopods, Contributions to the Geology and Palaeontology of the West Indies

Olsson A. A. (1931) Contributions to the Tertiary Paleontology of Northern Peru: Part 4, The Peruvian Oligocene, Bulletins of American Paleontology 17 63

Rivera R. (1957) Moluscos fosiles de la Formacion Paracas, Dpto. de Ica, Sociedad Geologica del Peru Primer Congreso Nacional de Geologia Anales - Parte II 32, 165-219

DuBar J. R (1958) Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Late Neogene strata of the Caloosahatchee River area of southern Florida, Florida Geological Survey Bulletin 40, 1-267

Newell N. D. (1965) Classification of the Bivalvia, American Museum Novitates 2206, 1-25

Ronchetti C. R. (1970) New contributions to the knowledge of the Jurassic fauna of Karkar (Northeast Afghanistan), Ital. Expedit., Karakorum (K2) Hindu Kush, Scientific Reports IV, Paleontology – Zoology – Botany 2, 43-74

Dockery D. T. (1982) Lower Oligocene Bivalvia of the Vicksburg Group in Mississippi, Mississippi Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Geology 123, 1-261

Gliozzi E., Malatesta A. (1983) I molluschi del Paleocene di Baixa Chinhauanine nel bacino del Rio Massintonto (Maputo - Mozambico), Geologica Romana 22, 85-145

Squires R. L. (1984) Megapaleontology of the Eocene Llajas Formation, Simi Valley, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 350, 1-76

Moore E. J. (1987) Tertiary Marine Pelycypods of California and Baja California: Plicatulidae to Ostreidae, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1228 C, 1-53

Squires R. L. (1987) Eocene molluscan paleontology of the Whitaker Peak area, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 388, 1-93

Ward L. W., Blackwelder B.W. (1987) Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at Lee Creek Mine, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 61, 113-283

Beu A. G., Maxwell P.A., et al (1990) Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 58

Ward L. W. (1992) Molluscan biostratigraphy of the Miocene Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain of North America, Virginia Museum of Natural History 2

Coan E. V., Scott P. V., et al (2000) Bivalve seashells of western North America, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural history Monographs 2, 1-764

Todd J. A. (2001) Systematic list of bivalves in the Panama Paleontology Project collections, [http://eusmilia.geology.uiowa.edu/database/bivalves/systemat/bivaltax.htm#list]

Marquet R. (2002) The Neogene Amphineura and Bivalvia (Protobranchia and Pteriomorphia) from Kallo and Doel (Oost Vlaanderen, Belgium), Palaeontos 2, 1-100

Spencer H. G., Willan R. C., et al (2004) Checklist of the Recent Mollusca described from the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone, [http://www.molluscs.otago.ac.nz/index.html]

Stilwell J. D., Zinsmeister W. J., et al (2004) Early Paleocene Mollusks of Antarctica: Systematics, Paleoecology and Paleobiogeographic Significance, Bulletins of American Paleontology 367

Rosenberg G. (2005) Malacolog 4.0: A database of Western Atlantic marine Mollusca, [WWW database (version 4.1.0)] URL http://data.acnatsci.org/wasp

Beu A. G. (2006) Marine Mollusca of oxygen isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 2. Biostratigraphically useful and new Pliocene to Recent bivalves, Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 36 4, 151-338

Bieler R., Mikkelsen P. M. (2006) Bivalvia - a look at the branches, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 148, 223-235

Rosenberg G., Ponder W., et al (2006) A Biotic Database of Indo-Pacific Marine Mollusks doi:http://data.acnatsci.org/obis

Lam K., Morton B. (2009) Oysters (Bivalvia: Ostreidae and Gryphaeidae) recorded from Malaysia and Singapore, The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 2, 481-494

Nevesskaja L. A. (2009) Principles of Systematics and the System of Bivalves, Paleontological Journal 43 1, 1-11 doi:10.1134/S0031030109010018

Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., et al (2010) Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families, Malacologia 52 2, 1-184 doi:10.4002/040.052.0201

Carter J. G., Altaba C. R., et al (2011) A Synoptical Classification of the Bivalvia (Mollusca), University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Paleontological Contributions 4, 1-47

Ros-Franch S., Márquez-Aliaga A., et al (2014) Comprehensive database on Induan (Lower Triassic) to Sinemurian (Lower Jurassic) marine bivalve genera and their paleobiogeographic record, Paleontological Contributions 8, 1-219

Squires R. L. (2018) Paleocene and Eocene oysters from the West Coast of the United States: Revision of named species and recognition of new species, Contributions in Science 526, 1-29

Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. 2010. Nomenclator of bivalve families; with a classification of bivalve families by R. Bieler, J.G. Carter & E.V. Coan. Malacologia 52(2): 1-184. - via World Register of Marine Species

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species

Stenzel H.B. (1971). Oysters. In, Moore, R.C. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, pt. N, vol. 3, Mollusca 6, Bivalvia. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence. 3(6): 953–1224. - via World Register of Marine Species

Harry H. W. (1985). Synopsis of the supraspecific classification of living oysters (Bivalvia: Gryphaeidae and Ostreidae). The Veliger 28: 121-158 - via World Register of Marine Species

Inaba A. & K. Torigoe (2004) Oysters in the world. Part 2. Systematic description of the Recent oysters. Bulletin of the Nishinomiya Shell Museum 3: 63 + 9 pp., 13 pls. - via World Register of Marine Species

Salvi D., Macali A. & Mariottini P. (2014). Molecular phylogenetics and systematics of the bivalve family Ostreidae based on rRNA sequence-structure models and multilocus species tree. PLoS ONE. 9(9): e108696. - via World Register of Marine Species

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 356 Addition to the Official List of Family-group Names Zoology of the names of the family-group taxa having Ostrea Linnaeus, 1758, and Gryphaea Lamarck, 1801 (class Pelecypoda) as their respective type genera (Opinion supplementary to Opinion 338).Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 11(6), 103-112 (1955) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

WoRMS (2016) Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Harry H. W. (1985). Synopsis of the supraspecific classification of living oysters (Bivalvia: Gryphaeidae and Ostreidae). The Veliger 28: 121-158 - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al., 1998: Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed.. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26. 526. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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⇱ Ostreidae

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Ostreidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Synonymy List

References

URL: https://www.mindat.org/taxon-6871.html

⇱ Ostreidae

👁 ImageOstreidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Synonymy List

References

👁 Image
Ostreidae