| 구동사 |
| 영어 | 한국어 |
| back down vi phrasal | (give in, yield) | 항복하다, 패배를 인정하다 동 |
| 손들다 관용(구), 동 |
| Despite the evidence, he refused to back down. |
| bear down vi phrasal | (labor: push baby out) (분만 시) | 힘주다 |
| The midwife told the woman to bear down during her contractions. |
| bear down vi phrasal | US (apply pressure, concentrate) | 힘을 쏟다, 힘을 집중하다 |
| You have to know when to conserve your strength and when to bear down with every bit of energy you have. |
| bear down on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep | (push, press on) | ~을 힘주어 누르다 |
| Bear down on the pen to make clear carbon copies. |
| 먹지를 대고 사본을 만드려면 펜을 힘주어 눌러야 해. |
| bear down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep | figurative (weigh heavily upon) | ~에게 큰 부담이 되다 |
| Emma felt the full weight of her financial worries bearing down on her. |
| 에마는 돈 걱정으로 큰 부담을 느꼈다. |
| bear down on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep | UK (rush towards) | ~ 쪽으로 돌진하다 |
| The truck came bearing down on the brothers as they were crossing the street. |
| bear down on [sb] vtr phrasal insep | (approach threateningly) | ~을 밀고 나아가다 |
| The man was bearing down on Jim along the path. |
| beat down vi phrasal | (sun: shine brightly and hot) (태양) | 내리쬐다 동 |
| The sun was beating down on our backs. |
| beat down vi phrasal | (rain: pour heavily) (비) | 퍼붓다, 내리쏟아지다 동 |
| The rain beat down so hard on the apple tree that in the morning half of the apples were on the ground. |
| beat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | informal, figurative (negotiate lower price from) | ~에게 가격을 깎다 동 |
| Amy beat the seller down to £20 for the vase. |
| beat [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | informal, figurative (price: negotiate lower) (가격) | ~을 깎다, ~을 에누리하다 동 |
| (가격, 속어) | ~을 후려치다 동 |
| We beat the price down to $45. |
| beat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | informal, figurative (demoralize) (정신 등, 비유) | ~을 망가뜨리다 동 |
| Doris admitted that life was beating her down. |
beat [sth] down,
beat down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (suppress) | ~을 억압하다, ~을 억누르다 동 |
| Deborah beat down her fear of flying and got on the plane to visit her daughter in Australia. |
| bed down vi phrasal | (go to bed) | 잠자리를 깔다 |
| I usually bed down at about eleven o'clock. |
| bed [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | (provide bed for) | 잠자리를 깔다 |
| Emily fed, bathed, and bedded down the children. |
| bend down vi phrasal | (lean over) | 몸을 굽히다, 몸을 숙이다 동 |
| The mother bent down to tie the child's shoe laces. |
bog [sth] down,
bog down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | usually passive, informal (vehicle: mire) (비격식, 주로 피동) | ~을 빠뜨리다 |
| The jeep got bogged down in a huge mud puddle. |
| bog [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | figurative, usually passive, informal (person: hinder, burden) (비유, 비격식: 사람) | ~가 ~을 빠뜨리다, ~가 ~을 힘들게하다, ~가 ~을 수렁에 빠뜨리다 |
| Work is really bogging me down lately. |
| 요즘 일이 나를 힘들게 하고 있다. |
boil [sth] down,
boil down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (liquid: reduce) (액체) | ~을 졸이다 동 |
| The cook boiled the drippings down to a rich gravy. |
| boil down vi phrasal | (liquid: be reduced) (액체) | 졸다, 졸아들다 동 |
| Heat the water until it boils down to a volume of about 10ml. |
| 10ml로 물이 졸아들 때까지 물을 가열하라. |
| boil down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep | figurative, informal (be essentially) | ~가 핵심이다 동 |
| What it all boils down to is a failure to plan. |
boil [sth] down,
boil down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (information, argument: reduce) | ~을 요약하다 동 |
| If you boil down Machiavelli's philosophy, he is saying that the end justifies the means. |
| bow down vi phrasal | (bend, kneel in respect) | 절하다 |
| 굴복하다 |
| She was asked to bow down in front of a statue of their god. |
| 그녀는 그들이 모시는 신의 조각상 앞에서 절할 것을 요구받았다. |
| break down vi phrasal | (machine: stop working) | 고장 나다 |
| 참고: The single-word form is used when the term is a noun. |
| The car broke down on the way home. |
| 집에 오는 길에 차가 고장 났다. |
| break down vi phrasal | figurative (person: cry) | 울음을 터뜨리다 |
| Stella broke down when the police told her about her husband's accident. |
| 스텔라는 경찰에게 남편의 사고 소식을 듣고 울음을 터뜨렸다. |
| break down vi phrasal | figurative (collapse, become weak) | 결렬되다 |
| The union called a strike after talks broke down over retirement benefits. |
| 노조는 퇴직 수당에 대한 협상이 결렬되자 파업을 선언했다. |
break [sth] down,
break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (door, wall: knock down) | ~을 부수다 동(타) |
| The police broke down the door when they raided the house. |
break [sth] down,
break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (substance: disintegrate) | ~을 분해하다 동(타) |
| Stomach acid breaks down food during digestion. |
break [sth] down,
break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (analyze) | ~을 분석하다 동(타) |
| We can break down the process into a number of separate stages. |
| bring [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep | figurative, informal (cause demise) | ~을 끝내다 동 |
| The scandal brought down the government. |
| 그 스캔들은 정부를 실각시켰다. |
| bring [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | US, figurative, slang (make sad) (미) | ~을 실망시키다, ~을 낙담시키다 |
| If you keep criticizing Michael, you'll just bring him down. |
| 당신이 계속해서 마이클을 책잡는다면, 그를 낙담시킬 것이다. |
| buckle [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | informal (fasten: shoe, seatbelt) (끈) | ~을 매다 |
| ~을 묶다 |
| ~을 고정하다 |
| Will you please buckle down the car seat so it doesn't move around? |
| buckle down vi phrasal | informal, figurative (set to work) | 제대로 착수하다, 본격적으로 시작하다 |
| I've got to buckle down and finish planting the vegetable seeds. |
| buckle down vi phrasal | informal, figurative (work diligently) | 열심히 하다, 집중하다, 제대로 노력하다 |
| I have to buckle down and finish this term paper. |
| call [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | US, informal (reprimand [sb], tell [sb] off) | ~을 꾸짖다, ~을 혼내다 |
| calm down vi phrasal | (become calmer) | 진정하다 동 |
| The street market is closed until the weather has calmed down. |
calm [sb] down,
calm down [sb] vtr phrasal sep | (make calmer) | ~을 진정시키다 동 |
| She gave the baby a bottle to calm him down. |
cast off,
cast down vi phrasal | (country dancing) (컨트리 댄스) | 캐스트 오프, 캐스트 다운으로 춤추다 동 |
| The dancers cast off and moved to the end of the line. |
| chop [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | (tree: fell, cut down) | ~을 베다, ~을 자르다 |
| Pioneers would chop down trees to build their homes. |
| clamp down vi phrasal | figurative (be strict, enforce rules) | 엄중히 단속하다 |
| 참고: Single-word form is used when the term is a noun |
| There is a big problem with dangerous driving on this stretch of road, but the police are clamping down. |
| clamp down on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep | figurative (be strict, enforce rules) | ~을 엄중히 단속하다 |
| The city is clamping down on gang violence. |
| climb down vi phrasal | UK, figurative (accept defeat) | 시인하다, 인정하다 |
| There was a public outcry at the proposals and the government was forced to climb down. |
| close down vi phrasal | (business: cease trading) | 폐업하다 동 |
| (비유) | 문을 닫다 동, 관용(구) |
| When the doctor was killed, the clinic was forced to close down. |
| close [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | (prevent [sth] from operating) | ~을 폐업시키다 동 |
| The Women's Anti-Exploitation League vowed to close down the porno shop. |
| come down vi phrasal | (descend) | 내려오다 동 |
| Go upstairs and tell your sister to come down for dinner. |
| come down vi phrasal | (structure: collapse) | 무너지다, 붕괴되다 동 |
| After the wrecking ball hit the side of the building it came down quickly. |
| come down vi phrasal | slang, figurative (cease to be high on drugs) (마약) | 약 기운이 떨어지다, 약발이 떨어지다 동 |
| That weed was so good that it took me 3 hours to finally come down. |
| come down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep | figurative, informal (punish) | ~을 꾸짖다, ~을 벌주다 |
| The teacher came down on him for his repeated absence. |
| come down on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep | (collapse) | ~에 내려앉다, ~에 떨어지다 |
| The bedroom ceiling came down on us during the hurricane. |
| come down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep | (be essentially) | 결국 ~가 되다 |
| What this strike comes down to is a failure to communicate with your staff. |
| come down with [sth] vi phrasal + prep | figurative, informal (fall ill) (가벼운 병) | ~에 걸리다 동 |
| I've just come down with a cold. |
| cool down vi phrasal | (become less hot) | 식다 |
| Give the cookies ten minutes to cool down. |
| 10분 정도 쿠키가 식게 둬라. |
| cool down vi phrasal | figurative, informal (become less angry) (비유, 비격식) | 열을 식히다 |
| 진정하다 |
| It took Andy a while to cool down after the argument with his brother. |
| 앤디는 형과 말싸움을 하고 열을 식히는 데 시간이 잠시 걸렸다. |
| cool down vi phrasal | (slow pace to end exercise) | 마무리 운동을 하다 동(자) |
| It is important to spend five minutes cooling down after a vigorous exercise session. |
| cool [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep | (make less hot) | ~을 식히다 |
| Ben took a cold shower to cool himself down after the race. |
| 벤은 경주가 끝나고 몸을 식히려고 찬물로 샤워를 했다. |
| count down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep | figurative (prepare for, anticipate [sth]) (관용구) | ~을 손꼽아 기다리다 |
| As soon as one birthday is over, Tommy starts counting down to the next one. |
| count down vi phrasal | (count back to zero) | 카운트다운을 하다, 거꾸로 세다 |
| The anaesthetist told the patient to count down from 100. |
| count [sth] down vtr phrasal insep | (count backwards to event) | ~을 카운트다운 하다, ~을 거꾸로 세다 |
| It was almost midnight on New Year's Eve; the crowd in Times Square was counting down the seconds. |
| crack down vi phrasal | informal (enforce laws) | 엄중 단속하다 동 |
| The police will no longer tolerate public drunkenness; they're going to crack down. |
| crack down on [sth] vtr phrasal insep | informal (not tolerate) | ~을 용서하지 않다, ~에 대해 넘어가지 않다 동 |
| The principal is starting to crack down on unexcused absences. |
| crack down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep | informal (punish) | ~을 단속하다 동 |
| Every holiday, police set up checkpoints to crack down on drunk drivers. |
| crouch down vi phrasal | (squat, hunker) | 웅크리다, 쭈그리다 |
| I crouched down to hide behind the low wall. |
| cut down vi phrasal | (reduce consumption) | 줄이다 |
| (격식) | 삭감하다 |
| If you can't give up smoking altogether, you should at least try to cut down. |
| 담배를 끊을 수 없다면 최소한 줄이도록 노력해야 한다. |
| cut down on [sth] vi phrasal + prep | (reduce, consume less of) | ~을 끊다, ~을 줄이다 동(타) |
| It's hard to cut down on alcohol when my friends keep inviting me out for drinks. |
cut [sth] down,
cut down [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (reduce) | ~을 줄이다 |
| (격식) | ~을 삭감하다 |
| When the team decided to cut down their roster, everyone was upset. |
| 팀에서 선수를 줄이기로 결정하자 모두 화를 냈다. |
| cut [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | figurative (kill, strike down) | ~을 쓰러뜨리다, ~을 쓰러트리다 |
| Many soldiers were cut down by enemy fire. |
| 많은 병사가 적의 포탄에 쓰러졌다. |
| die down vi phrasal | (diminish, subside) (문어체) | 사그라들다, 사그라지다 |
| 줄어들다 |
| The shouting died down when the rock star began singing. |
| 그 록스타가 노래를 부르기 시작하자 함성은 사그라들었다(or: 사그라졌다). |
| do [sb] down vtr phrasal sep | UK, informal (criticize) | ~을 깎아내리다, ~을 폄하하다 |
| double down vi phrasal | US (blackjack: double the bid) (블랙잭) | 더블다운하다 |
| The blackjack player took the risk of doubling down. |
