 |
VOOZH | about |
|
VOOZH | about |
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Pmsd | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Pha | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014604 | Pharmacosiderite | Mills S J, Hager S L, Leverett P, Williams P A, Raudsepp M (2010) The structure of H3O+ - exchanged pharmacosiderite Mineralogical Magazine 74 487-492 | 2010 | Cornwall, England | 0 | 293 | |
| 0010644 | Pharmacosiderite | Buerger M J, Dollase W A, Garaycochea-Wittke I (1967) The structure and composition of the mineral pharmacosiderite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 125 92-108 | 👁 Image | 1967 | Cornwall, England | 0 | 293 |
| 0015629 | Pharmacosiderite | Zemann J (1948) Formel und strukturtyp des pharmakosiderits Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 1 1-13 | 1948 | Cornwall, England | 0 | 293 | |
| 0012642 | Pharmacosiderite | Zemann J (1947) Uber die struktur des pharmakosiderits Experientia 3 452-452 | 1947 | 0 | 293 |
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.0 Å | (90) |
| 4.61 Å | (100) |
| 3.259 Å | (70) |
| 2.822 Å | (65) |
| 2.408 Å | (80) |
| 1.7844 Å | (65) |
| 1.5959 Å | (60) |
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] |
| Bariopharmacosiderite | Ba0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O | Tet. 42m : P42m |
| Caesiumpharmacosiderite | CsFe3+4[(AsO4)3(OH)4] · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| Hydroniumpharmacosiderite | (H3O)Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| Natropharmacosiderite | NaFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| Plumbopharmacosiderite | Pb0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| Strontiopharmacosiderite | Sr0.5Fe3+4[(AsO4)3(OH)4] · 4H2O | Tet. 42m : P42m |
| Thalliumpharmacosiderite | TlFe3+4[(AsO4)3(OH)4] · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : F43m |
| 237 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| 71 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 65 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 62 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Arthurite | CuFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 49 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| 32 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Arseniosiderite | Ca2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| 26 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Carminite | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 26 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Jarosite | KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 22 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| 17 photos of Pharmacosiderite associated with Dufrénite | Ca0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 8.DK. | Richelsdorfite | Ca2Cu5Sb(AsO4)4(OH)6Cl · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 8.DK. | Bimbowrieite | NaMgFe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 8.DK. | Puttapaite | Pb2Mn2+2ZnCr3+4O2(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 12H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 8.DK.10 | Thalliumpharmacosiderite | TlFe3+4[(AsO4)3(OH)4] · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : F43m |
| 8.DK.10 | Natropharmacosiderite | NaFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| 8.DK.10 | Plumbopharmacosiderite | Pb0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| 8.DK.10 | Strontiopharmacosiderite | Sr0.5Fe3+4[(AsO4)3(OH)4] · 4H2O | Tet. 42m : P42m |
| 8.DK.10 | Bariopharmacosiderite | Ba0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O | Tet. 42m : P42m |
| 8.DK.10 | Hydroniumpharmacosiderite | (H3O)Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| 8.DK.12 | Hydroniumpharmacoalumite | (H3O)Al4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 4.5H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| 8.DK.12 | Bariopharmacoalumite | Ba0.5Al4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| 8.DK.12 | Pharmacoalumite | KAl4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6.5H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| 8.DK.12 | Calciopharmacoalumite | Ca0.5Al4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| 8.DK.12 | Natropharmacoalumite | NaAl4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 4H2O | Iso. 43m : P43m |
| 8.DK.15 | Matioliite | NaMgAl5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 8.DK.15 | Burangaite | NaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 8.DK.15 | Natrodufrénite | NaFe3+Fe3+5(PO4)4O(OH)5(H2O)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 8.DK.15 | Dufrénite | Ca0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 8.DK.15 | Gayite | NaMn2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| 8.DK.20 | Kidwellite | NaFe3+9+x(PO4)6(OH)11 · 3H2O, x = 0.33 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
| 8.DK.25 | Bleasdaleite | (Ca,Fe3+)2Cu5(Bi,Cu)(PO4)4(H2O,OH,Cl)13 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 8.DK.30 | Matulaite | (Fe3+,Al)Al7(PO4)4(PO3OH)2(OH)8(H2O)8 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m |
| 8.DK.35 | Krasnovite | Ba(Al,Mg)(PO4,CO3)(OH)2 · H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) |
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 4.5710% | 1,417 | β, γ |
For comparison:
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Showing 538 localities.
Algeria | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Argentina | |
| Ronald G. Simpson (2017) +1 other reference |
Australia | |
| Gilligan et al. (1993) |
| Williams et al. (2005) |
| Uwe Kolitsch collection |
| van der Heyden et al. (1988) |
| Updated list originally distributed by ... |
| part of list University of Queensland |
| Jean Pierre Barral +1 other reference |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| |
| Birch et al. (2007) |
| Ryan Eagle field collected 2018 |
| - (n.d.) |
| Nickel et al. (1993) |
| Nickel et al. (1993) | |
| Simpson (1952) |
| Clissold (2007) |
| Nickel (1987) |
| Kim Macdonald collection. |
| Blatchford et al. (1917) |
| Dunn et al. (1985) |
Austria | |
| C.Auer (2016) |
| C.Auer (2016) | |
| Meixner (1953) |
| Puttner (2002) |
| Blass (2000) |
| A.Pichler (2012) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Huber et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Paar et al. (1978) | |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Exel (1993) |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Strasser (1989) | |
| Tomazic (1999) |
| Leikauf et al. (2000) |
| Bernhard et al. (2005) |
| C.Auer (2021) | |
| Bojar et al. (1995) |
| Auer & Postl (2016) |
| Chris Auer |
| - (1994, July) |
| Kolitsch et al. (2008) |
Belgium | |
| Michel Blondieau. +1 other reference |
| Hatert et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
| Lefevre (2001) +6 other references |
Brazil | |
| Moura et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Sergio Varvello collection +1 other reference |
| Atencio et al. (2004) | |
| Sergio Varvello collection |
| Sergio Varvello collection |
| Sergio Varvello collection | |
| Atencio et al. (2006) |
Bulgaria | |
| Martin Števko-unpublished |
| Minceva-Stefanova (2001) |
Canada | |
| Walker et al. (2009) |
| Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History ... |
| Ontario Division of Mines |
| Ontario Division of Mines |
| Anthony et al. (2016) |
| Watson et al. (1996) | |
Chile | |
| Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University) |
| Cook (1978) |
| samples analysed by Gerhard Moehn and ... |
| Kampf et al. (2013) | |
| maurizio dini collection - quantitative ... | |
Czech Republic | |
| Hloušek et al. (2002) |
| |
| Scharm B. |
| Sejkora et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
| FILIPPI M. et al. (2005) |
| Sejkora et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Šrein (2008) |
| Historic mineral collection National ... |
| Roman Gramblicka collection |
| Roman Gramblicka collection | |
| Sejkora et al. (2009) |
| Dvořák et al. (2012) | |
| VÍŠKOVÁ et al. (2022) |
| Miškovský |
| Staněk (1991) +4 other references |
| Staněk (1997) | |
| Novák +3 other references | |
France | |
| Pierre Le Roch & Jean-Marc Johannet ... +1 other reference |
| Cuchet et al. (2000) | |
| R. Pierrot |
| Belot (1978) | |
| Bariand et al. (n.d.) | |
| PIERROT R. (1971) | |
| Michel Blondieau collection |
| Collected by IOB Sylvano analysed by BOURGOIN Vincent (Jean Wyart association) |
| Laurent (1995) |
| Favreau G. et al. (1996) |
| Personally collected by Yves MOUREY in ... |
| GOURAULT C. (2011) |
| Yves Mourey Collection |
| Yves Mourey Collection |
| Le Roch (2009) |
| Le Règne Minéral (2007) |
| Germain C. et al. (1990) |
| Pierre Le Roch |
| Chauris (2014) |
| Chauris (2014) | |
| De Ascençao Guedes et al. (2001) |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Bari (1982) |
| Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references |
| Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Arliguie M collection +1 other reference |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| La minéralogie. Béryl Limousin +1 other reference | |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| www.zampano.com (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ... |
| Favreau et al. (2010) |
| Queneau (n.d.) | |
| Jean Claude Dol |
| |
| Robert PECORINI (2016) |
| |
| Georges Favreau specimens |
| Caubel (1997) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) | |
| Guitard (2010) | |
| Jean Claude Dol |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Legrand et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
| "La minéralisation thallifère de Jas Roux (Hautes Alpes) +2 other references |
| Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references |
| Jean-Marie Claude collection | |
| CLAUDE Jean Marie Collection and ... | |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Aufschluss 1970 (5) +1 other reference |
| Hock et al. (1992) |
| Hanneberg et al. (2009) +1 other reference |
| F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke" et al. (Hof) |
| Weiß (1990) +2 other references |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Schwarzmeier et al. (2015) +2 other references |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Rainer Batoschewitz specimen (http://www.meteorite-lab.homepage.t-online.de/index_dateien/bm.pdf) |
| Lapis (10) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Schnorrer (1993) |
| |
| Koch (2008) |
| Henrich et al. (2019) |
| Der Aufschluss 2000 (2) |
| Wittern (2001) +1 other reference |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Mineralienwelt 2/1997 |
| Russell (1910) +1 other reference |
| Wittern (2001) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Noll (1984) |
| Markl et al. (1990) |
| Lapis (9) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor |
| Rondorf et al. (1992) |
| Thomas Lühr |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Thomas Lühr Collection |
| Thomas Lühr Collection |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Stolze et al. (08/2020) |
| Martin et al. (1994) |
| Gramblička (n.d.) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Schnorrer (1995) +1 other reference |
| Kleeberg et al. (1992) |
| www.dergraul.de (2001) | |
| www.dergraul.de (2001) | |
| Stark (2011) |
| Martin et al. (1992) | |
| Massanek et al. (2005) | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| Gerstenberg (n.d.) |
| 43-47 +3 other references |
| Knoll (2009) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Selling catalog Steffen Michalski ... |
Greece | |
| Blaß et al. (1998) |
| Rieck et al. (2018) | |
| Hanke (1996) | |
| Rieck et al. (2022) |
| Gröbner (2001) | |
| Rieck et al. (2018) |
| Frenzel (1895) | |
| 42. +2 other references | |
| Gelaude et al. (1996) |
| Gelaude et al. (1996) | |
| Bracke (n.d.) |
| Dill et al. (2010) |
Hungary | |
| www.geomania.hu |
| |
| Own found (Tóth L.,2012) |
Ireland | |
| S. Moreton collection |
Italy | |
| Pagano et al. (2001) |
| Redazionale (2005) | |
| Redazione (2005) |
| probed by Balestra C. |
| collected by F. Castellaro and probed ... |
| Gianluca Armellino et al. (2024) |
| Capitanio A. (2000) |
| Carmagnola et al. (2019) |
| Bedognè et al. (2006) |
| Gentile et al. (2012) |
| Gentile P. (1985) +2 other references | |
| Biffi P. et al. (2004) |
| Guastoni et al. (2003) +2 other references |
| Ambrino et al. (2009) |
| Ambrino et al. (2009) | |
| Ciriotti et al. (2019) |
| Ciriotti et al. (2019) | |
| Boscardin M. (1990) |
| ALBERTINI C. (2014) |
| Guastoni (2009) |
| Guastoni et al. (2006) +2 other references | |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Stara et al. (1994) | |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) | |
| Sergio Mascia finding +1 other reference | |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Joshua Chambers Collection | |
| Brizzi et al. (1994) | |
| Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Pelloux (1921) | |
| Stara P. (1996) | |
| Stara et al. (1996) | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Stara et al. (1993) |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana 4/1992-"I minerali del giacimento di Monte Tamara (Nuxis) |
| Vecchi et al. (2013) |
| Gasparetto et al. (2014) |
| Erica Bittarello +3 other references |
| Ferretti et al. (2019) |
| Brizzi G. et al. (GR) |
| Biagioni et al. (2013) |
| Biagioni et al. (2013) | |
| Francesco Bonotti Collection | |
| Francesco Bonotti Collection | |
| N. Calanchi et al. (1976) |
| Innocenti et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| F. Millosevich (1914) +1 other reference |
| L. Busatti (arsenopirite, farmacosiderite, dufrenite) |
| F. Senesi (1998) | |
| Brizzi G. et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
| Boscardin et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
Japan | |
| Uehara et al. (2014) |
| Yaiba Sakaguchi |
| Uehara et al. (2014) |
| OHNISHI et al. (2013) +1 other reference | |
| Kusachi et al. (1986) |
| Akira Kato (2009) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Kopchenova et al. (1962) +2 other references |
Madagascar | |
| Behier (1963) |
Mexico | |
| |
| Moore (2008) | |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Panczner (1987) |
Morocco | |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Kampf (2004) | |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Favreau et al. (2007) | |
| Favreau (n.d.) |
| JP Barral collection |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Kampf (2004) |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
Namibia | |
| Gebhard (1999) |
New Zealand | |
| Auton (1982) |
| Craw et al. (1992) +1 other reference |
| Auton (1997) |
| Paritu |
| Haffert et al. (2010) |
North Macedonia | |
| Percival et al. (1994) |
| Balić Žunić et al. (1993) +3 other references | |
Norway | |
| Kamphaug (1986) |
| Kristiansen et al. (1972) +1 other reference |
| Husdal (2011) | |
| Husdal (2021) | |
| Ellingsen et al. (2000) |
| Larsen et al. (2010) |
| Larsen et al. (2010) |
| |
| - (n.d.) |
| Larsen (2013) |
| Ljøstad (1988) +3 other references |
Poland | |
| Siuda +2 other references |
| Domań +3 other references |
| Siuda et al. (2003) |
| Lis J. et al. (Sudety) +2 other references |
Portugal | |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Pedro Alves analytical data |
| Pedro Alves collection and/or ... | |
| Artur Neves collection |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1991) |
| |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Mineralien Atlas | |
| Rewitzer et al. (2002) |
| Alves (n.d.) | |
| Ko Jansen collection |
Romania | |
| www.minerals-of-the-carpathians |
Russia | |
| Kasatkin et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
| Yurgenson et al. (2011) |
Slovakia | |
| Števko M. et al. (2010) |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Smithsonian Institution USNM ... |
| Števko M. (2022) |
| Duda |
| Ondrejka et al. (2024) |
| Števko M. (2022) |
| Martin Števko |
| Ozdín et al. (1999) |
| Ozdín et al. (1999) | |
South Africa | |
| Robert O. Meyer collection +1 other reference |
| Malcolm Southwood (2002) | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| SAMS (South African Micromount Society) |
| Robert O. Meyer collection +3 other references |
Spain | |
| Castro +2 other references |
| Calvo (2015) +1 other reference |
| José Miguel Sola Fernández and group. |
| A. Arribas et al. (2005) | |
| G. Leal et al. (2005) | |
| Rewitzer et al. (2016) +2 other references |
| CARMONA RUIZ et al. (2025) |
| Calvo (2008) |
| Calvo Rebollar (2015) | |
| Calvo Rebollar (2015) | |
| Calvo (2008) |
| Boixereu-Vila et al. (2025) |
| Calvo et al. (2014) |
| Carlos González Bargueño et al. (2003) |
| González Bargueño et al. (2003) | |
| Boixereu-Vila et al. (2025) |
| Joan Rosell |
| |
| Joan Abella i Creus (2008) |
| Jimenez R. et al. (2004) |
| Sainz de Baranda Graf et al. (2023) |
| Calvo (2015) |
| Sainz de Baranda Graf (2013) |
| Calvo Rebollar (2015) |
| MinRec-2003-0708-315 |
| Lapis 2002 (11) |
| Adrián Pesudo |
| Honrubia et al. (2002) | |
| A. Pesudo |
| Favreau (n.d.) |
Switzerland | |
| Kolitsch (1998) |
| Ansermet (2012) |
| Cuchet et al. (2005) |
| Ansermet (2012) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
Taiwan | |
| James K.C.Huang Collection |
| Chen et al. (1985) | |
Thailand | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
UK | |
| |
| |
| |
| Russell (1910) +2 other references |
| Golley et al. (1995) | |
| Day (1999) | |
| Foster (n.d.) +2 other references |
| P Haas (2007) |
| Collins (1871) |
| Collins (1871) +1 other reference | |
| P |
| Hall (1868) +1 other reference |
| Hill et al. (1906) | |
| Hausmann (1813) |
| Phillips (1823) +2 other references |
| S. Rust collection. | |
| Phillips (1823) +3 other references | |
| Hall (1868) +1 other reference |
| Hall (1868) +1 other reference | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Collection Richard De Nul |
| P D Trebilcock. |
| G. Curtis |
| Collection Richard De Nul |
| |
| Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society (1870) +1 other reference |
| Ex Chris Jewson | |
| Day (1999) |
| G.Curtis collection. |
| Rollinson et al. (2017) |
| |
| [www.thamesvalleyminerals.com] +1 other reference |
| Phillips (1823) +3 other references | |
| Embrey et al. (1987) | |
| |
| Golley et al. (1995) | |
| Carne (1822) +3 other references |
| Hall (1868) +1 other reference | |
| Collins (1871) |
| 39-40 +1 other reference |
| Dines (1956) | |
| Collins (1876) |
| Hall (1868) +1 other reference |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| M.Rumsey - EDS identification - NHM (2010) |
| Greg et al. (1858) +6 other references |
| Cooper et al. (1990) | |
| Cooper et al. (1990) | |
| Davidson et al. (1951) +1 other reference | |
| Cooper et al. (1990) | |
| Kingsbury et al. (1957) +4 other references |
| Kingsbury et al. (1960) +2 other references | |
| - (2006) | |
| Kingsbury et al. (1960) +2 other references |
| Kingsbury et al. (1960) +1 other reference |
| Stanley et al. (1991) | |
| Cooper et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
| Cooper et al. (1990) +1 other reference | |
| Cooper et al. (1990) | |
| Wolf Minerals |
| Collection Richard De Nul |
| |
USA | |
| Dean (1995) |
| Cook et al. (1982) |
| Cook et al. (1982) | |
| - (2008) |
| Graeme (1993) |
| Graeme (1981) | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Michael Cline Collection +1 other reference |
| Bideaux et al. (1960) +1 other reference |
| Anderson et al. (1955) |
| Kampf et al. (2018) |
| Dunning et al. (2005) |
| Dunning et al. (2005) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Shepard (1837) |
| |
| Waisman (1992) +1 other reference |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Ron Layton collection specimen |
| Barrick Gold Corporation | |
| Newmont Mining Corporation |
| Rocks & Minerals. Nov. 1999. | |
| Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ... |
| Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ... |
| Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Collection of Kelly Starnes 1991 |
| Collection of Kelly Starnes 1990 |
| The Minerals of Rhyolite Pass |
| Jensen et al. (2010) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| MinRec 16 (1) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| American Mineralogist (1978) +2 other references |
| - (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
| Jensen et al. (2001) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Smith (2005) |
| Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp234-241 +1 other reference |
| Heixong Yang |
| Dunn (1995) | |
| Kenney Gay - North Carolina Geological ... | |
| Genth et al. (1881) |
| Loomis (2011) |
| Seaman (1976) |
| Mineral Webzine |
| Smith et al. (2000) |
| Rocks & Min.: 60:111. | |
| W. L. Roberts label |
| Smith et al. (2000) |
| Smith et al. (2000) | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Dana 6: 1092. +3 other references | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Econ Geol (1996) |
| King et al. (1995) |
| Paul M. Adams Collection |
| King (n.d.) | |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| SEM EDS confirmed by Rob Bowell. | |
| Micro Probe Volume VI Number 8 |
Uzbekistan | |
| Ishbobaev et al. (2023) |
Zimbabwe | |
| Vetter et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
