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⇱ Symplesite: Mineral information, data and localities.


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Symplesite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About SymplesiteHide

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Formula:
Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Colour:
Light green, greenish black, light blue, indigo blue
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Greasy, Pearly
Hardness:
Specific Gravity:
2.96 - 3.01
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
Named by Johan Friedrich August Breithaupt in 1837 from the Greek 'ουν' "syn" ("together") and 'πλησιαζειν' "plisiazein" ("to bring"), i.e. 'to bring together' because of its relationship with other minerals.
Dimorph of:
Isostructural with:
Symplesite Group.
May be intergrown with its dimorph parasymplesite.

The Fe2+ may oxidise to a significant degree to Fe3+ (see ferrisymplesite) with an accompanying change in colour and optical properties analogous to vivianite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

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Mindat ID:
3851
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3851:1

Similar NamesHide

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SymesiteA valid IMA mineral speciesPb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O

IMA Classification of SymplesiteHide

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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of SymplesiteHide

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8.CE.45

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
E : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O about 1:2.5
40.3.8.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
20.9.6

20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
9 : Arsenates of Fe

Mineral SymbolsHide

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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
SymIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of SymplesiteHide

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Sub-Vitreous, Greasy, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent
Comment:
Pearly lustre on cleavage planes.
Colour:
Light green, greenish black, light blue, indigo blue
Streak:
White, bluish white.
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {110}, perfect.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Translation gliding:
T {1_10}, t[001].
Density:
2.96 - 3.01 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.02 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured value on Lobenstien material.

Optical Data of SymplesiteHide

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Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.635 nβ = 1.668 nγ = 1.702
2V:
Measured: 87° , Calculated: 88°
Birefringence:
0.067
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.067
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.

Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Optical Extinction:
Z^c = 31.5° increasing to 50° as oxidised, X perpendicular to {1-10
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X = ┴ (110) = Deep blue
Y = Nearly colourless
Z = ^ c 31½° = Pale Yellow

Chemistry of SymplesiteHide

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Mindat Formula:
Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O43.425 %
Fe28.420 %
As25.419 %
H2.736 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Crystallography of SymplesiteHide

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Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Setting:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 4.7505(2) Å, b = 7.7893(5) Å, c = 9.2567(5) Å
α = 106.372(3)°, β = 93.046(4)°, γ = 98.152(4)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.61 : 1 : 1.188
Unit Cell V:
323.75 ų
Z:
1
Morphology:
Crystals small and imperfect, elongated [001]; flattened {110} at times. Spherical aggregates with a coarsely fibrous, radial structure.
Twinning:
On {110}
Comment:
Runčevski et al. (2015)

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
8.971 Å(16)
7.499 Å(16)
6.785 Å(100)
5.027 Å(8)
4.069 Å(8)
4.007 Å(8)
3.743 Å(8)
3.401 Å(8)
3.177 Å(8)
3.131 Å(6)
3.095 Å(6)
2.970 Å(8)
2.838 Å(8)
2.578 Å(6)
2.493 Å(2)
2.468 Å(2)
2.375 Å(2)
2.355 Å(4)
2.282 Å(2)
1.929 Å(2)
1.860 Å(2)
1.854 Å(2)
1.709 Å(2)
1.683 Å(2)
Comments:
ICDD 8-172; very similar to the data for metaköttigite. Data calculated from Runčevski et al. (2015) are more reliable.

Geological EnvironmentHide

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Paragenetic Mode(s):

Type Occurrence of SymplesiteHide

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Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidised zone of arsenic-bearing hydrothermal deposits.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Other Language Names for SymplesiteHide

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Relationship of Symplesite to other SpeciesHide

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Other Members of Symplesite Group:
FerrisymplesiteFe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OMon.
Metaköttigite(Zn,Fe,Fe)3(AsO4)2 · 8(H2O,OH)Tric. 1 : P1

Common AssociatesHide

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Associations Based on Photo Data:
10 photos of Symplesite associated with ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
9 photos of Symplesite associated with CalciteCaCO3
8 photos of Symplesite associated with StibarsenAsSb
7 photos of Symplesite associated with ParasymplesiteFe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
7 photos of Symplesite associated with PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
5 photos of Symplesite associated with GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
3 photos of Symplesite associated with ArsenoliteAs2O3
3 photos of Symplesite associated with PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O
2 photos of Symplesite associated with LöllingiteFeAs2
2 photos of Symplesite associated with Native ArsenicAs

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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8.CE.MonteneroiteCu2+Mn2+2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.BelmonteiteCaMn2(AsO4)2 · 7H2OOrth. mm2
8.CE.XBabánekiteCu3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.05ChudobaiteMg5(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2 · 10H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.05GeigeriteMn2+5(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.10NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.CE.10ManganonewberyiteMn(PO3OH)(H2O)3Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.CE.15Fanguangite(MoO2)(PO3OH) · 4H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.15BrassiteMg(HAsO4) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.CE.20PhosphorrössleriteMg(PO3OH) · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.CE.20RössleriteMg(HAsO4) · 7H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.CE.25SwitzeriteMn2+3(PO4)2 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.CE.25MetaswitzeriteMn2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.CE.30PradetiteCoCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.30VeselovskýiteZnCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.30LindackeriteCuCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.30KlajiteMnCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9-10H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.30Hloušekite(Ni,Co)Cu4(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2 · 9H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.30OndrušiteCaCu4(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.35BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.CE.40Barićite(Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40ParasymplesiteFe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40GritsenkoiteCoMg2(AsO4)2(H2O)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40CabreriteNiMg2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40PakhomovskyiteCo3(PO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40VivianiteFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40ArupiteNi3(PO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40HörnesiteMg3(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40ManganohörnesiteMn2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/m
8.CE.40KöttigiteZn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.40FerrisymplesiteFe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OMon.
8.CE.40AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.50CattiiteMg3(PO4)2 · 22H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.55KoninckiteFe3+PO4 · 3H2OTet. 422 : P41212
8.CE.60KaňkiteFeAsO4 · 3.5H2OMon. 2 : P2
8.CE.60HilarioniteFe3+2(SO4)(AsO4)(OH) · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.CE.65SteigeriteAl(VO4) · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.CE.70MetaschoderiteAl2(PO4)(VO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m : P2/m
8.CE.70SchoderiteAl2(PO4)(VO4) · 8H2OMon.
8.CE.75ZigrasiteMgZr(PO4)2 · 4H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.CE.75'UM2009-11-PO:CaHZr'CaZr[PO4]2 · 4H2OTric.
8.CE.75MalhmooditeFeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.CE.80SantabarbaraiteFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OAmor.
8.CE.85Metaköttigite(Zn,Fe,Fe)3(AsO4)2 · 8(H2O,OH)Tric. 1 : P1
8.CE.90SlavkoviteCu13(AsO4)6(AsO3OH)4 · 23H2OTric. 1 : P1

Fluorescence of SymplesiteHide

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Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

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Notes:
Soluble in acids. Turns reddish brown in strong KOH solution or in 30% H2O2.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for SymplesiteHide

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References for SymplesiteHide

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Reference List:

Localities for SymplesiteHide

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Showing 115 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 👁 Image
symbol to view information about a locality. The 👁 Image
symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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👁 Image
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
👁 Image
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 👁 Image
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
👁 Image
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Albania
  • Dibër County
    • Dibër
ALLIU (2024)
Australia
  • Queensland
    • Mareeba Shire
      • Dimbulah
Sorrell (n.d.)
  • South Australia
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Gammon Ranges
        • Vulkathunha-Gammon Ranges National Park
Noble et al
  • Tasmania
    • Huon Valley municipality
      • Huon-Channel region
        • Weld river district
Bottrill et al. (2008)
    • Waratah-Wynyard municipality
      • Waratah district
        • Magnet
Ralph Bottrill EDS-analyses +1 other reference
  • Western Australia
    • Menzies Shire
      • Diemals Station
Simpson (1948)
    • Ravensthorpe Shire
      • Kundip
Western Mail Newspaper (Perth) +1 other reference
Austria
  • Carinthia
    • Hermagor District
      • Kirchbach
        • Kirchbachgraben
Niedermayr et al. (1995)
    • Sankt Veit an der Glan District
      • Hüttenberg
        • Hüttenberger Erzberg
Meixner (1948)
          • Knappenberg
            • Rudolfshöhe
              • Andreaskreuz mining district
Brunlechner (1894)
          • Lölling mining district
Meixner (1953)
        • Mosinzgraben
          • Schottenau
Puttner (2002)
Puttner (1987)
Niedermayr et al. (1995)
    • Spittal an der Drau District
      • Malta
        • Kölnbreinspitze - Lausnock area
          • Petereck
Collection of NHM +1 other reference
    • Wolfsberg District
      • Wolfsberg
        • Prebl
Meixner (1964) +1 other reference
  • Lower Austria
    • Neunkirchen District
      • Gloggnitz
        • Schlossberg
Sigmund (1911)
  • Styria
    • Liezen District
      • Schladming
        • Obertalbach valley
Pribitzer (1956) +1 other reference
    • Murau District
      • Sankt Lambrecht
        • Sankt Blasen - Karchau mining area
Schachinger et al. (2015)
    • Weiz District
Postl et al. (1987) +1 other reference
Brazil
  • Minas Gerais
    • Conselheiro Pena
      • Barra do Cuieté
Sergio Varvello collection
Canada
  • Ontario
    • Timiskaming District
      • Cobalt-Gowganda region
        • Cobalt area
          • Coleman Township
Ontario Geological Survey Miscellaneous ... +2 other references
  • Yukon
    • Whitehorse mining district
      • Carcross
Palache et al. (1951)
          • Windy Arm
Tyrell et al. (1913) +1 other reference
Sabina (1992)
Chile
  • Atacama
    • Copiapó Province
      • Tierra Amarilla
        • Pampa Larga mining district
maurizio dini collection - quantitative ...
Czech Republic
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Příbram District
      • Třebsko
Kašpar
  • Karlovy Vary Region
    • Karlovy Vary District
Gramblička R. (2014)
Hloušek et al. (2002)
86. +1 other reference
  • Olomouc Region
    • Jeseník District
      • Javorník
        • Zálesí
Sejkora (1994)
  • Plzeň Region
    • Plzeň-South District
Litochleb (jz. Čechy)
    • Tachov District
      • Chodský Újezd
        • Dolní Jadruž
Tvrdý +1 other reference
  • South Bohemian Region
Palache et al. (1951)
Historic mineral collection National ...
  • Ústí nad Labem Region
    • Chomutov District
      • Kryštofovy Hamry
Gramblička (n.d.)
    • Teplice District
Gramblička (n.d.)
Sejkora (1998)
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Bory
Staněk (1991) +4 other references
Staněk (1997)
Finland
  • South Ostrobothnia
    • Kuortane
Lahti +1 other reference
France
  • Brittany
    • Finistère
      • Châteaulin
        • Laz
Germain C. et al. (1990)
    • Morbihan
      • Pontivy
        • Le Roc Saint-André
De Ascençao Guedes et al. (2001)
  • Grand Est
    • Haut-Rhin
      • Colmar-Ribeauvillé
        • Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
Bari (1982)
            • Sankt Wilhelm vein
Wittern et al. (1997)
      • Thann-Guebwiller
        • Kruth
Kolitsch: Aufschluss 2/1997 +1 other reference
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Creuse
      • Aubusson
        • Soumans
          • Montebras
Queneau (n.d.)
    • Haute-Vienne
      • Bellac
        • Razès
          • Chanteloube
            • Vilatte Quarries (La Vilate)
Meisser et al. (2008) +1 other reference
        • Vaulry
          • Vaulry Mines
Queneau (n.d.)
Germany
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Haslach im Kinzigtal
          • Haslach im Kinzigtal
Blaß et al. (2000)
        • Oberwolfach
Walenta (1992)
      • Rottweil
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
            • Böckelsbach valley
Walenta (1992)
            • Burgfelsen
            • Heubach Valley
  • Bavaria
    • Upper Franconia
      • Bayreuth District
Weiß (1990)
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Cham District
        • Waldmünchen
          • Althütte
Weiß (1990)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Märkischer Kreis
        • Iserlohn
          • Letmathe
            • Helmke quarry nature reserve
Bender et al. (1994)
  • Saxony-Anhalt
    • Harz
      • Quedlinburg
        • Gernrode
          • Hagental
Thomas Luehr collection
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
      • Breitenbrunn
        • Rittersgrün
Gramblička (n.d.)
      • Lauter-Bernsbach
        • Oberpfannenstiel
www.mineralienatlas.de (2016)
      • Marienberg
        • Lauta
Hajek (2010)
Massanek et al. (2005)
Palache et al. (1951)
    • Vogtlandkreis
      • Falkenstein
        • Grünbach
          • Muldenberg
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
  • Thuringia
    • Greiz District
      • Greiz
        • Neumühle/Elster
43-47 +2 other references
    • Saale-Orla District
      • Bad Lobenstein
A. Breithaupt (1837) +1 other reference
    • Saalfeld-Rudolstadt District
      • Unterwellenborn
Wittern (2001)
Greece
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
        • Agios Konstantinos (Kamariza)
          • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
Kolitsch et al. (2014)
          • Mercati mines
Fritz Schreiber collection
        • Charakas
Gelaude et al. (1996)
Zeschke (1963)
  • Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
    • Kavala
      • Kavala
Fornadel et al. (2011)
Italy
  • Lombardy
    • Sondrio Province
      • Sondalo
Bedognè et al. (2006)
    • Varese Province
Gentile et al. (2012)
Biffi P. et al. (Varese)
        • Cuasso al Piano
Guastoni et al. (2004) +1 other reference
  • Piedmont
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Brovello-Carpugnino
        • Brovello
Savia et al. (n.d.)
    • Vercelli Province
      • Scopello
Luigi Chiappino data
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Arbus
Stara et al. (1996)
      • Fluminimaggiore
Stara et al. (1996)
      • Gonnosfanadiga
Stara et al. (1996)
        • Fenugu Sibiri Mine
Brizzi et al. (1994)
Pelloux (1921)
Stara P. (1996)
Stara et al. (1996)
      • Guspini
- (n.d.)
  • Sicily
    • Metropolitan City of Messina
      • Mandanici
La Valle (1898) +1 other reference
Japan
  • Gifu Prefecture
    • Nakatsugawa City
      • Hirukawa
        • Tohgane mine (Togane mine)
Matsubara et al (1992)
  • Oita Prefecture
    • Saiki City
Sturman (1976) +1 other reference
OHNISHI et al. (2013) +2 other references
Mexico
  • Durango
    • Mapimí Municipality
      • Mapimí
Morocco
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
Weiß (2006)
Norway
  • Akershus
    • Rælingen
      • Løvenstad
Neumann (1985) +2 other references
Romania
  • Bihor County
    • Nucet
      • Băiţa mining district
Zajzon et al. (2015)
  • Maramureș County
Palache et al. (1951)
Russia
  • Adygea (Republic of Adygea)
    • Maykopsky District
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
  • Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
    • Chaunskii District (Chaun)
Canhimbue et al. (2025)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Voron'i Tundry
Kalinin +2 other references
Slovakia
  • Trenčín Region
    • Bánovce nad Bebravou District
Roman Gramblička collection
Spain
  • Castile and Leon
    • León
      • Cármenes
        • Valverdín
Personal collection. Analyzed by Dr. ... +1 other reference
  • Catalonia
    • Tarragona
      • Conca de Barberà
        • Vimbodí i Poblet
          • Bosc de Poblet
Viñals et al. (1990)
Switzerland
  • Ticino
    • Lugano
      • Alto Malcantone
        • Breno
Stalder et al. (1998)
  • Valais
    • Sierre
      • Anniviers
        • Saint-Luc
Ansermet (2012)
UK
  • England
    • Cumbria
      • Allerdale
        • Bassenthwaite
Mason et al. (1997)
        • Caldbeck
Cooper et al. (1990)
        • St. John's Castlerigg and Wythburn
Day (1999)
Stanley et al. (1991)
USA
  • California
    • Santa Cruz County
      • Santa Cruz
  • Nevada
Barrick Gold Corporation
    • Humboldt County
      • Osgood Mountains
        • Potosi Mining District
          • Adam Peak
Castor et al. (2004)
  • South Dakota
    • Custer County
      • Custer Mining District
        • Custer
Smith et al. (2000)
Smith et al. (2000)
        • Pringle
          • Cicero Peak
Smith et al. (2000)
  • Utah
    • Tooele County
      • Gold Hill Mining District (Clifton Mining District)
        • Gold Hill
Thorne (n.d.)
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To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
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