Linux 6.12 Through Linux 7.0 File-System Benchmarks For EXT4 + XFS
For the ClickHouse database server is a very nice improvement since Linux 6.13 for both EXT4 and XFS. Here the difference may be due to another change in Linux 6.13. With Linux 6.13 is where the AMD P-State driver became the default in place of ACPI CPUFreq on AMD EPYC 9005 Turin processors. The CPU frequency scaling driver can play a significant role for database workloads so it's possible that is the reason for that better performance since Linux 6.13.
Apache CouchDB was also showing better performance for both EXT4 and XFS on Linux 6.13+ with not too much changed since that early 2025 kernel releases.