| 👁 Image | |
| Orbital launches | |
|---|---|
| First | 11 January |
| Last | 24 December |
| Total | 80 |
| Successes | 72 |
| Failures | 5 |
| Partial failures | 3 |
| Catalogued | 74 |
| National firsts | |
| Satellite | 👁 Image Czech Republic (post Czechoslovak) 👁 Image Ukraine (post Soviet) |
| Rockets | |
| Maiden flights | Athena I Conestoga Delta II 7920 Long March 1D Volna Shavit 1 |
| Retirements | Atlas E/F Conestoga Long March 2E Mu-3SII Soyuz-U2 |
| Crewed flights | |
| Orbital | 9 |
| Total travellers | 48 |
This article outlines notable events occurring in 1995 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.
First Shuttle-Mir mission
[edit]
As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station Mir. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis from launchpad 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Shuttle delivered a relief crew of two cosmonauts Anatoly Solovyev and Nikolai Budarin to the station and recovered Increment astronaut Norman Thagard. Atlantis returned to Earth on July 7 with a crew of eight. It was the first of seven straight missions to Mir flown by Atlantis, and the second Shuttle mission to land with an eight-person crew after STS-61-A in 1985.
Orbital launches
[edit]| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
January[edit] | |||||||
| 10 January 06:18 |
👁 United States Atlas IIAS |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B |
👁 United States 👁 Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| 👁 United Nations Intelsat 704 |
Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 15 January 13:45 |
👁 Japan Mu-3SII |
👁 Japan Uchinoura |
👁 Japan ISAS | ||||
| 👁 Japan Express 1 |
ISAS | Low Earth | Material research | 15 January | Failure | ||
| Final flight of Mu-3SII Second stage control malfunction, decayed from orbit shortly after launch over Ghana; Spacecraft intended to be recovered | |||||||
| 24 January 03:54 |
👁 Russia Kosmos-3M |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 132/1 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Tsikada |
MO RF | Low Earth (Polar) | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 Sweden Astrid |
SSC | Low Earth (Polar) | Auroral research | 27 September | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States FAISAT |
FAI | Low Earth (Polar) | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 25 January 22:40 |
👁 China Long March 2E |
👁 China Xichang LC-2 |
👁 China CASC | ||||
| 👁 China Apstar 2 |
APT | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communications | 25 January | Launch Failure | ||
| Windshear caused the collapse of the payload fairing and a guidance error caused the launch vehicle to explode; 20-120 ground casualties | |||||||
| 29 January 06:18 |
👁 United States Atlas II |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A |
👁 United States | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-108 (UHF F/O F4) |
US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
February[edit] | |||||||
| 3 February 05:22 |
👁 United States Space Shuttle Discovery |
👁 United States Kennedy LC-39B |
👁 United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| 👁 United States STS-63 |
NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir flight | 11 February 11:51 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 United States SpaceHab LSM |
NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Discovery) | Scientific research | ||||
| 👁 United States SPARTAN 204 |
NRL | Low Earth | Ultraviolet astronomy | ||||
| 👁 United States ODERACS 2A |
NASA | Low Earth | Laser calibration | 9 March 1996 | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States ODERACS 2B |
NASA | Low Earth | Laser calibration | 28 August | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States ODERACS 2C |
NASA | Low Earth | Laser calibration | 7 February 1996 | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States ODERACS 2D |
NASA | Low Earth | Laser calibration | 2 March | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States ODERACS 2E |
NASA | Low Earth | Laser calibration | 27 February | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States ODERACS 2F |
NASA | Low Earth | Laser calibration | 20 February | Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts; First Shuttle-Mir flight (rendezvous only, no docking) ODERACS deployed on 4 February | |||||||
| 15 February 16:48 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 |
👁 Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| 👁 Russia Progress M-26 |
Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 15 March 06:15 |
Successful | ||
| 16 February 17:39 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 43/4 |
👁 Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| 👁 Russia Foton 10 |
Roskosmos | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 3 March | Successful | ||
March[edit] | |||||||
| 2 March 06:38 |
👁 United States Space Shuttle Endeavour |
👁 United States Kennedy LC-39A |
👁 United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| 👁 United States STS-67 |
NASA | Low Earth | Astronomy | 18 March 21:48 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 United States Spacelab Pallets and Igloo |
NASA | Low Earth (Endeavour) | ASTRO-2 | ||||
| 👁 United States EDO Pallet |
NASA | Low Earth (Endeavour) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts | |||||||
| 2 March 13:00 |
👁 Russia Kosmos-3M |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 132/1 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2306 (Taifun-2 #27) |
MO RF | Low Earth | Laser calibration | 30 October 2000 | Successful | ||
| 7 March 09:23 |
👁 Russia Proton-K/DM-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2307 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2308 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2309 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 14 March 06:11 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 |
👁 Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| 👁 Russia Soyuz TM-21 |
Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-18 | 11 September 06:52 |
Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts including the first American to fly on a Russian rocket | |||||||
| 18 March 08:01 |
👁 Japan H-II |
👁 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y1 |
👁 Japan NASDA[1] | ||||
| 👁 Japan Space Flyer Unit |
NASDA | Low Earth | Materials research | 20 January 1996 07:42 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 Japan Himawari 5 |
NASDA | Low Earth | Weather satellite | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Space Flyer Unit retrieved by Space Shuttle Endeavour during STS-72 in January 1996 | |||||||
| 22 March 04:09 |
👁 Russia Kosmos-3M |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 132/1 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2310 (Parus) |
MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 22 March 06:18 |
👁 United States Atlas IIAS |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B |
👁 United States 👁 Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| 👁 United Nations Intelsat 705 |
Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 22 March 16:44 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 43/3 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2311 (Yantar) |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 31 May | Successful | ||
| 24 March 14:05 |
👁 United States Atlas E |
👁 United States Vandenberg SLC-3W |
👁 United States | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-109 (DMSP 5D2 F13) |
US Air Force/NOAA | Sun-synchronous | Meteorology | 3 February 2015 | Successful | ||
| Final flight of Atlas E and 1.5 stage-to-orbit configuration of Atlas rocket Satellite exploded on 3 February 2015, leaving at least 47 tracked pieces of debris.[2] | |||||||
| 28 March 10:00 |
👁 Russia Start |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 158 |
👁 Russia RVSN | ||||
| 👁 Israel Gurwin 1 |
Technion | Intended: Low Earth | Amateur radio | 28 March | Launch Failure | ||
| 👁 Russia EKA-2 |
Intended: Low Earth | Boilerplate for vehicle evaluation | |||||
| 👁 Mexico Oscar 29 |
UNAM/AMSAT | Intended: Low Earth | Amateur radio | ||||
| Failed to orbit, crashed into the Sea of Okhotsk | |||||||
| 28 March 23:14 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (44LP) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 Brazil Brasilsat B2 |
Telebrás | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 👁 France Hot Bird 1 |
Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
April[edit] | |||||||
| 3 April 13:48 |
👁 United States Pegasus-H |
👁 United States Stargazer, Vandenberg |
👁 United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| 👁 United States Orbcomm F1 |
Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States Orbcomm F2 |
Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States Orbview 1 |
Orbimage | Low Earth | Earth observation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 5 April 11:16 |
👁 Israel Shavit-1 |
👁 Israel Palmachim |
👁 Israel IAI | ||||
| 👁 Israel Ofeq-3 |
IAI | Low Earth (retrograde) | Reconnaissance | 24 October 2000 | Successful | ||
| 7 April 21:47 |
👁 United States Atlas IIAS |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A |
👁 United States 👁 Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| 👁 United States AMSC-1 |
AMSC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 9 April 19:34 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 |
👁 Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| 👁 Russia Progress M-27 |
Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 23 May 03:27 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 Germany GFZ |
Low Earth | Laser calibration | 23 June 1999 | Successful | |||
| GFZ deployed from Mir on 19 April | |||||||
| 21 April 01:44 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (40) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 Image ERS-2 |
ESA | Sun-synchronous | Remote sensing | 21 February 2024 17:17[3] |
Successful | ||
May[edit] | |||||||
| 14 May 13:45 |
👁 United States Titan IVA (401)/Centaur |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-40 |
👁 United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-110 (Mentor-1) |
NRO | Geosynchronous | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 17 May 06:34 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (44LP) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 United Nations Intelsat 706 |
Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 20 May 03:33 |
👁 Russia Proton-K |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 81/23 |
👁 Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| 👁 Russia Spektr |
Roskosmos/NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir module | 23 March 2001 05:50 |
Successful | ||
| Heavily damaged in collision with Progress M-34 on 25 June 1997 | |||||||
| 23 May 05:52 |
👁 United States Atlas I |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B |
👁 United States 👁 Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| 👁 United States GOES-9 (GOES-J) |
NOAA | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous |
Meteorology | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Retired on 14 June 2007 | |||||||
| 24 May 20:10 |
👁 Russia Molniya-M |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 16/2 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2312 (Oko) |
MOM | Molniya | Early warning | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 31 May 15:27 |
👁 United States Atlas II |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A |
👁 United States | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-111 (UHF F/O F5) |
US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
June[edit] | |||||||
| 8 June 04:43 |
👁 Ukraine Tsyklon-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 90/20 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2313 (EORSAT) |
MO RF | Low Earth | SIGINT | 11 July 1997 | Successful | ||
| 10 June 00:24 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (42P) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 United States DirecTV-2 |
DirecTV | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 22 June 19:58 |
👁 United States Pegasus-XL |
👁 United States Stargazer, Vandenberg |
👁 United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| 👁 United States STEP 3 |
US Air Force | Intended: Low Earth | Technology development | 22 June | Launch Failure | ||
| Second stage malfunction, destroyed by range safety | |||||||
| 27 June 19:32 |
👁 United States Space Shuttle Atlantis |
👁 United States Kennedy LC-39A |
👁 United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| 👁 United States STS-71 |
NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir flight | 7 July 14:55 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 United States Spacelab Long Module 2 |
NASA | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Medical research | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight launching with seven and landing with eight astronauts First Shuttle-Mir docking, exchanged Mir EO-18 for EO-19 (first space station crew exchange using a Space Shuttle) | |||||||
| 28 June 18:25 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 43/3 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2314 (Yantar-4K1) |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 6 September | Successful | ||
July[edit] | |||||||
| 5 July 03:09 |
👁 Russia Kosmos-3M |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 132/1 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2315 (Tsikada) |
MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 7 July 16:23 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (40) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 France Helios 1A |
CNES | Sun-synchronous | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 France Cerise |
CNES | Sun-synchronous | Radiation research | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 Spain LBSAT/UPM-Sat 1 |
UPM | Sun-synchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 10 July 12:38 |
👁 United States Titan IVA (401)/Centaur |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-41 |
👁 United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-112 (Trumpet-2) |
NRO | Molniya | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 13 July 13:41 |
👁 United States Space Shuttle Discovery |
👁 United States Kennedy LC-39A |
👁 United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| 👁 United States STS-70 |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 22 July 12:02 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 United States TDRS-7 (TDRS-G) |
NASA | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts TDRS deployed on 13 July using an Inertial Upper Stage | |||||||
| 20 July 03:04 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 |
👁 Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| 👁 Russia Progress M-28 |
Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 4 September 08:58 |
Successful | ||
| 24 July 15:52 |
👁 Russia Proton-K/DM-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 |
👁 Russia | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2316 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2317 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2318 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 31 July 23:30 |
👁 United States Atlas IIA |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A |
👁 United States | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-113 (DSCS III B-7) |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful[4] | ||
August[edit] | |||||||
| 2 August 23:59 |
👁 Russia Molniya-M |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 43/3 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Interbol 1 |
Roskosmos | High Earth (elliptical) | Magnetospheric research | 16 October 2000 | Successful | ||
| 👁 Czech Republic Magion 4 |
High Earth (elliptical) | Magnetospheric research | 16 October 2000 | Successful | |||
| Magion 4 was the first Czech (post Czechoslovak) satellite | |||||||
| 3 August 22:58 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (42L) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 United States PAS-4 |
PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 5 August 11:10 |
👁 United States Delta II 7925 |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-17B |
👁 United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| 👁 South Korea Koreasat 1 |
Korea Telecom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
| SRM malfunction resulted in incorrect orbit which was corrected using the satellite's own engines at the expense of half of the expected lifespan of the satellite | |||||||
| 9 August 23:59 |
👁 Russia Molniya-M |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 43/3 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Molniya 3-47 |
MOM | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 15 August 22:30 |
👁 United States Athena I |
👁 United States Vandenberg SLC-6 |
👁 United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| 👁 United States GemStar 1 (VitaSat) |
VITA | Intended: Low Earth | Communications | +160 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
| Maiden flight of Athena I and first launch from SLC-6 Destroyed by range safety after loss of control system | |||||||
| 29 August 00:53 |
👁 United States Atlas IIAS |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B |
👁 United States 👁 Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| 👁 Japan JCSAT-3 |
JSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 29 August 06:41 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (44P) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 Japan N-STAR a |
NTT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 30 August 19:33 |
👁 Russia Proton-K/DM-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2319 (Potok) |
MOM | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 31 August 06:49 |
👁 Ukraine Tsyklon-3 |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 32 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Ukraine Sich-1 (Okean) |
NKAU | Low Earth | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 Chile FASat-Alfa (FASat-Alfa) |
FACH | Low Earth | Technology development | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
| Sich 1 was the first Ukrainian satellite; FASat-Alfa intended to be the first Chilean satellite and failed to separate from Sich 1 | |||||||
September[edit] | |||||||
| 3 September 09:00 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 |
👁 Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| 👁 Russia Soyuz TM-22 |
Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-20 | 29 February 1996 10:42 |
Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts Final flight of Soyuz-U2 | |||||||
| 7 September 15:09 |
👁 United States Space Shuttle Endeavour |
👁 United States Kennedy LC-39A |
👁 United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| 👁 United States STS-69 |
NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 16 September 11:38 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 United States SPARTAN-201 |
NASA | Low Earth | Solar research | ||||
| 👁 United States Wake Shield Facility |
NASA | Low Earth | Materials research | ||||
| 👁 Image IEH-1 |
ESA | Low Earth (Endeavour) | Ultraviolet astronomy | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts SPARTAN deployed on 8 September and retrieved on 10 September; WSF deployed on 7 September and retrieved on 14 September | |||||||
| 24 September 00:06 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (42L) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 United States Telstar 402R |
AT&T | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Power failure on 19 September 2003 resulted in loss of satellite | |||||||
| 26 September 11:20 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 43/4 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Resurs F2 |
MOM | Low Earth | Resource location | 26 October | Successful | ||
| 29 September 04:25 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2320 (Yantar-4KS1) |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 28 September 1996 | Successful | ||
October[edit] | |||||||
| 6 October 03:23 |
👁 Russia Kosmos-3M |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 132/1 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2321 (Parus) |
MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | 21 August 1997 | Partial Failure | ||
| Second stage malfunction, placed in useless orbit | |||||||
| 8 October 18:50 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Progress M-29 |
Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 19 December 16:15 |
Successful | ||
| 11 October 16:26 |
👁 Russia Proton-K/DM-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 81/23 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Luch-1Luch |
MOM | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Retired on 1 June 1999 | |||||||
| 19 October 00:38 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (42L) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 Luxembourg Astra 1E |
SES Astra | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 20 October 13:53 |
👁 United States Space Shuttle Columbia |
👁 United States Kennedy LC-39B |
👁 United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| 👁 United States STS-73 |
NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 5 November 11:46 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 United States Spacelab Long Module 1 |
NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Spacelab USML-2 | ||||
| 👁 United States EDO Pallet |
NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts | |||||||
| 22 October 08:00 |
👁 United States Atlas II |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A |
👁 United States | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-114 (UHF F/O F6) |
US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 23 October 22:03 |
👁 United States Conestoga 1620 |
👁 United States Wallops Island LP-0A |
👁 United States | ||||
| METEOR | Intended: Low Earth | Microgravity research | + 46 seconds | Launch Failure | |||
| Self-destruct activated after loss of control | |||||||
| 31 October 20:19 |
👁 Ukraine Zenit-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 45/1 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2322 (Tselina-2) |
MO RF | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
November[edit] | |||||||
| 4 November 14:22 |
👁 United States Delta II 7920-10 |
👁 United States Vandenberg SLC-2W |
👁 United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| 👁 Canada RADARSAT-1 |
CSA | Sun-synchronous | Earth imaging | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 United States SURFSAT |
NASA | Sun-synchronous | Test DSN | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Maiden flight of Delta II 7920 and first Delta II launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base | |||||||
| 6 November 05:51 |
👁 United States Titan IVA (401)/Centaur |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-40 |
👁 United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-115 (Milstar-2) |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 12 November 12:30 |
👁 United States Space Shuttle Atlantis |
👁 United States Kennedy LC-39A |
👁 United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| 👁 United States STS-74 |
NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir flight | 20 November 17:02 |
Successful | ||
| 👁 Russia 👁 United States Mir Docking Module |
Roskosmos/NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir module | 23 March 2001 05:50 |
Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts | |||||||
| 17 November 01:20 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (44P) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 Image Infrared Space Observatory |
ESA | High Earth (elliptical) | Infrared astronomy | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Retired on 16 May 1998 | |||||||
| 17 November 14:25 |
👁 Russia Proton-K/DM-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Gals-2 |
MOM | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 28 November 11:30 |
👁 China Long March 2E |
👁 China Taiyuan LC-2 |
👁 China CASC | ||||
| 👁 China AsiaSat 2 |
AsiaSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
December[edit] | |||||||
| 2 December 08:08 |
👁 United States Atlas IIAS |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B |
👁 United States 👁 Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| 👁 Image 👁 United States SOHO |
ESA/NASA | Earth-Sun L1 point | Solar research | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 5 December 21:18 |
👁 United States Titan IVA (404) |
👁 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E |
👁 United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| 👁 United States USA-116 (KH-12) |
NRO | Sun-synchronous | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 6 December 23:23 |
👁 France Ariane 4 (44L) |
👁 France Kourou ELA-2 |
👁 France Arianespace | ||||
| 👁 France Telecom 2C |
France Télécom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 👁 India INSAT-2C |
ISRO | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 14 December 06:10 |
👁 Russia Proton-K/DM-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2323 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2324 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2325 (GLONASS) |
MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 15 December 00:23 |
👁 United States Atlas IIA |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A |
👁 United States 👁 Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| 👁 United States Galaxy 3R |
PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | ||
| Failed March 2006 | |||||||
| 18 December 14:31 |
👁 Russia Soyuz-U |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Progress M-30 |
Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 22 February 1996 11:02 |
Successful | ||
| 20 December 00:52 |
👁 Ukraine Tsyklon-2 |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 90/20 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 Russia Kosmos 2326 (EORSAT) |
MO RF | Low Earth | SIGINT | 8 November 1997 | Successful | ||
| 28 December 06:45 |
👁 Russia Molniya-M |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 |
👁 Russia VKS | ||||
| 👁 India IRS-1C |
ISRO | Low Earth | Remote sensing | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 👁 United States Skipper |
Utah State | Low Earth | Aerobraking experiment | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | ||
| Skipper suffered a solar array malfunction | |||||||
| 28 December 11:50 |
👁 China Long March 2E |
👁 China Xichang LC-2 |
👁 China CASC | ||||
| 👁 United States EchoStar 1 |
EchoStar | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Final flight of Long March 2E | |||||||
| 30 December 13:48 |
👁 United States Delta II 7920-10 |
👁 United States Cape Canaveral LC-17A |
👁 United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| 👁 United States RXTE |
NASA | Low Earth | X-ray astronomy | 30 April 2018 | Successful | ||
Suborbital launches
[edit]| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
January-March[edit] | |||||||
| 19 January | 👁 United States UGM-133 Trident II |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 January | Successful | |||
| 19 January | 👁 United States UGM-133 Trident II |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 January | Successful | |||
| 19 January 20:01 |
👁 United States LGM-118 Peacekeeper |
👁 United States Vandenberg LF-02 |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 January | Successful | |||
| 23 January 12:30 |
👁 Japan S-520 |
👁 Japan Uchinoura LA-K |
👁 Japan ISAS | ||||
| ISAS | Suborbital | Infrared astronomy | 23 January | Successful | |||
| 25 January 03:54 |
👁 Canada Black Brant XII |
👁 Norway Andøya |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| 👁 United States SCIFER |
NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 25 January | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 1,453 kilometres (903 mi). Launch led to Norwegian rocket incident; Russia briefly mistook the launch as a potential nuclear attack despite receiving prior notice of the launch. | |||||||
| 28 January 16:00 |
👁 Japan S-520 |
👁 Japan Uchinoura LA-K |
👁 Japan ISAS | ||||
| ISAS | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 28 January | Successful | |||
| 1 February | 👁 United States LGM-30G Minuteman III |
👁 United States Vandenberg LF-09 |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| 👁 United States GT-156GM |
US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 February | Successful | ||
| 2 February 15:27 |
👁 Canada Black Brant VIIIC |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 2 February | Successful | |||
| 2 February 15:51 |
👁 United States Nike Tomahawk |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 2 February | Successful | |||
| 7 February | 👁 United States Storm |
👁 United States White Sands |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| 👁 United States BTTV-6 |
US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 7 February | Successful | ||
| 12 February | 👁 United States Aries |
👁 United States Wallops Island |
👁 United States BMDO | ||||
| 👁 United States LEAP |
BMDO | Suborbital | Target | 7 February | Successful | ||
| 14 February | 👁 France M4 |
👁 France Centre d'Essais des Landes |
👁 France | ||||
| Suborbital | Missile test | 14 February | Successful | ||||
| 24 February 10:21 |
👁 Canada Black Brant XII |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| 👁 United States AMICIST |
NASA | Suborbital | Auroral research | 24 February | Successful | ||
| 4 March | 👁 United States Aries |
👁 United States Wallops Island |
👁 United States BMDO | ||||
| 👁 United States LEAP |
BMDO | Suborbital | Target | 4 March | Successful | ||
| 6 March | 👁 United States UGM-96 Trident I |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 March | Successful | |||
| 6 March | 👁 United States UGM-96 Trident I |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 March | Successful | |||
| 6 March | 👁 United States UGM-96 Trident I |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 March | Successful | |||
| 14 March | 👁 United States UGM-96 Trident I |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
| 14 March | 👁 United States UGM-96 Trident I |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
| 15 March 20:21 |
👁 United States Nike Orion |
👁 United States Wallops Island |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Test rocket | 15 March | Successful | |||
| 17 March | 👁 United States LGM-30G Minuteman III |
👁 United States Vandenberg LF-09 |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| 👁 United States GT-159GM |
US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 17 March | Successful | ||
| 19 March 15:00 |
👁 United States Nike Orion |
👁 United States White Sands |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| 👁 United States CWAS-37 |
NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 19 March | Successful | ||
| 21 March 19:11 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| 👁 United States PIMS |
NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 21 March | Successful | ||
| 25 March 08:55 |
👁 Canada Black Brant XCM1 |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 25 March | Successful | |||
| 27 March 15:40 |
👁 United States Nike Orion |
👁 United States White Sands |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| 👁 United States CWAS-38 |
NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 27 March | Successful | ||
| 28 March | 👁 United States Aries |
👁 United States Wallops Island |
👁 United States BMDO | ||||
| 👁 United States LEAP |
BMDO | Suborbital | Target | 28 March | Successful | ||
April-June[edit] | |||||||
| 1 April 09:33 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 1 April | Successful | |||
| 9 April | 👁 United States UGM-133 Trident II |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 April | Successful | |||
| 9 April | 👁 United States UGM-133 Trident II |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 April | Successful | |||
| 14 April 11:30 |
👁 Russia RT-2PM Topol |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 158 |
👁 Russia RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 April | Successful | |||
| 15 April 10:07 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 15 April | Successful | |||
| 18 April 18:00 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 18 April | Successful | |||
| 21 April 15:04 |
👁 United States THAAD |
👁 United States White Sands |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 21 April | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of THAAD | |||||||
| 24 April | 👁 United States Hera |
👁 United States White Sands LC-32 |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 24 April | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Hera | |||||||
| 29 April 05:55 |
👁 United States Nike Orion |
👁 Sweden Esrange |
👁 Germany DLR | ||||
| 👁 Germany Mini-Texus 4 |
DLR | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 29 April | Successful | ||
| 2 May 05:55 |
👁 United States Nike Orion |
👁 Sweden Esrange |
👁 Germany DLR | ||||
| 👁 Germany Mini-Texus 3 |
DLR | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 2 May | Successful | ||
| 15 May 18:00 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| 👁 United States SERTS-35 |
NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 15 May | Successful | ||
| 22 May 07:05 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 22 May | Successful | |||
| 29 May | 👁 China Long March 1D |
👁 China Taiyuan LC-1 |
👁 China CASC | ||||
| CASC | Suborbital | Test flight | 29 May | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Long March 1D | |||||||
| 6 June 22:00 |
👁 United States Taurus Orion |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 6 June | Successful | |||
| 6 June 22:10 |
👁 Russia Volna |
👁 Russia Submarine, Barents Sea |
👁 Russia Russian Navy | ||||
| 👁 Germany TCM |
ZARM | Suborbital | Test flight | 6 June | Successful | ||
| Maiden flight of Volna | |||||||
| 8 June 12:45 |
👁 Russia UR-100N |
👁 Kazakhstan Baikonur |
👁 Russia RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 June | Successful | |||
| 14 June | 👁 United States LGM-118 Peacekeeper |
👁 United States Vandenberg LF-05 |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 June | Successful | |||
| 26 June | 👁 United States Strypi IX |
👁 United States Barking Sands |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| 👁 United States ETCE-11 |
US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 26 June | Failure | ||
| 29 June | 👁 United States Strypi IX |
👁 United States Barking Sands |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| 👁 United States ETCE-12 |
US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 29 June | Successful | ||
| 30 June 18:00 |
👁 United States Terrier-Orion |
👁 United States Wallops Island |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Test rocket | 30 June | Successful | |||
July-September[edit] | |||||||
| 24 July 22:30 |
👁 United States UGM-133 Trident II |
👁 United Kingdom HMS Victorious, Eastern Range |
👁 United Kingdom Royal Navy | ||||
| Royal Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 July | Successful | |||
| First missile launch from HMS Victorious | |||||||
| 26 July 09:33 |
👁 United States Nike Orion |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 26 July | Successful | |||
| 31 July | 👁 United States THAAD |
👁 United States White Sands |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 31 July | Successful | |||
| July | 👁 China DF-21 |
👁 China Taiyuan |
👁 China | ||||
| Suborbital | Missile test | +15 minutes | Successful | ||||
| 8 August 08:20 |
👁 United States Nike Orion |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 8 August | Successful | |||
| 16 August | 👁 United States Storm |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| 👁 United States MTD-1 |
US Air Force | Suborbital | GPS targeting | 16 August | Successful | ||
| 16 August | 👁 India RH-560 |
👁 India Sriharikota |
👁 India ISRO | ||||
| ISRO | Suborbital | Test rocket | 16 August | Successful | |||
| 22 August | 👁 United States UGM-133 Trident II |
👁 United Kingdom HMS Victorious, Eastern Range |
👁 United Kingdom Royal Navy | ||||
| Royal Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 August | Successful | |||
| 24 August 20:00 |
👁 Japan TR-1 |
👁 Japan Tanegashima LA-T |
👁 Japan NASDA | ||||
| NASDA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 24 August | Successful | |||
| 25 August | 👁 Russia R-39 Rif |
👁 Russia Submarine, North Pole |
👁 Russia Russian Navy | ||||
| Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 25 August | Successful | |||
| 28 August 17:30 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Test rocket | 28 August | Successful | |||
| 30 August | 👁 United States LGM-118 Peacekeeper |
👁 United States Vandenberg LF-02 |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 30 August | Successful | |||
| 2 September 01:13 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| 👁 United States Thunderstorm III |
NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 2 September | Successful | ||
| 5 September 07:50 |
👁 Russia RT-2PM Topol |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 158 |
👁 Russia RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 September | Successful | |||
| 12 September 18:05 |
👁 Canada Black Brant 9CM1 |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 12 September | Successful | |||
| 17 September 07:30 |
👁 Japan S-520 |
👁 Japan Uchinoura LA-K |
👁 Japan ISAS | ||||
| ISAS | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 17 September | Failure | |||
October-December[edit] | |||||||
| 2 October | 👁 United States Hera |
👁 United States White Sands LC-94 |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 2 October | Successful | |||
| 10 October | 👁 Russia RT-2PM Topol |
👁 Russia Plesetsk Site 158 |
👁 Russia RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 October | Successful | |||
| 13 October | 👁 United States Storm |
👁 United States White Sands SULF |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| 👁 United States BTTV-9 |
US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 13 October | Successful | ||
| 13 October | 👁 United States THAAD |
👁 United States White Sands |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM test | 13 October | Successful | |||
| 25 October 13:13 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 Australia Woomera LA-2-N |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 25 October | Successful | |||
| 28 October 18:00 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 Australia Woomera LA-2-N |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 28 October | Successful | |||
| 29 October | 👁 United States UGM-96 Trident I |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 October | Successful | |||
| 2 November | 👁 Russia Kosmos-3MR |
👁 Russia Kapustin Yar Site 107 |
👁 Russia RVSN | ||||
| 👁 Russia Re-entry vehicle |
RVSN | Suborbital | Test re-entry vehicle | 2 November | Successful | ||
| 5 November 16:14 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 Australia Woomera LA-2-N |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 5 November | Successful | |||
| 7 November 06:38 |
👁 Canada Black Brant XII |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| 👁 Canada OEDIPUS-C |
CSA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 7 November | Successful | ||
| 10 November | 👁 China DF-21 |
👁 China Taiyuan |
👁 China | ||||
| Suborbital | Missile test | 10 November | Successful | ||||
| 14 November 17:04 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 Australia Woomera LA-2-N |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 14 November | Successful | |||
| 19 November 15:30 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 Australia Woomera LA-2-N |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 19 November | Successful | |||
| 20 November 17:00 |
👁 Canada Black Brant IX |
👁 Australia Woomera LA-2-N |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 20 November | Successful | |||
| 24 November 14:00 |
👁 United States Nike Tomahawk |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Ionospheric research | 24 November | Successful | ||||
| 27 November 08:03 |
👁 United States Nike Tomahawk |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 27 November | Successful | |||
| 27 November 08:07 |
👁 Canada Black Brant VIIIC |
👁 United States Poker Flat |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 27 November | Successful | |||
| 28 November 09:42 |
👁 Sweden Maxus |
👁 Sweden Esrange |
👁 Sweden SSC | ||||
| DLR | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 28 November | Successful | |||
| 4 December 11:20 |
👁 Canada Black Brant VIIIC |
👁 United States White Sands LC-36 |
👁 United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 4 December | Successful | |||
| 7 December | 👁 United States UGM-133 Trident II |
👁 United States Submarine, Eastern Range |
👁 United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 December | Successful | |||
| 13 December | 👁 United States Storm |
👁 United States White Sands SULF |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| 👁 United States BTTV-10 |
US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 13 December | Successful | ||
| 13 December | 👁 United States THAAD |
👁 United States White Sands |
👁 United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM test | 13 December | Successful | |||
Deep Space Rendezvous
[edit]| Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7 December | Galileo | First impact of spacecraft to Jupiter - subprobe descent through the Jovian atmosphere | |
| 8 December | Galileo | First orbiter of Jupiter - jovian orbit insertion | |
| no date | Ulysses | Pass over solar north pole |
EVAs
[edit]| Start date/time | Duration | End time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 February 11:56 |
4 hours 39 minutes |
16:35 | STS-63 Discovery |
👁 United Kingdom /👁 United States Michael Foale 👁 United States Bernard A. Harris, Jr. |
Conducted a test of moving large mass objects and tested the effectiveness of the new spacesuit temperature control underwear by being lofted outside the payload bay by the RMS.[5] |
| 12 May 04:20 |
6 hours 15 minutes |
10:35 | Mir EO-18 Kvant-2 |
👁 Russia Vladimir Dezhurov 👁 Russia Gennadi Strekalov |
Made preparations for the arrival of the Spektr module. Installed some electrical cable attachments, adjusted solar array actuators, and practiced folding the Kristall solar arrays for the future move to Kvant-1.[6] |
| 17 May 02:38 |
6 hours 42 minutes |
09:20 | Mir EO-18 Kvant-2 |
👁 Russia Vladimir Dezhurov 👁 Russia Gennadi Strekalov |
Moved the solar arrays from Kristall to Kvant-1. Their suits ran low on oxygen before they were able to re-install the arrays on Kvant-1.[6] |
| 22 May 00:10 |
5 hours 15 minutes |
05:25 | Mir EO-18 Kvant-2 |
👁 Russia Vladimir Dezhurov 👁 Russia Gennadi Strekalov |
Completed installation of the relocated solar array on Kvant-1. Also retracted some solar panels to prepare for moving Kristall.[6] |
| 28 May 22:22 |
21 minutes | 22:43 | Mir EO-18 base block |
👁 Russia Vladimir Dezhurov 👁 Russia Gennadi Strekalov |
Conducting a spacewalk inside the transfer compartment of the Mir base block Dezhurov and Strekalov relocated a docking cone from the -X port to the -Z port. |
| 1 June 22:05 |
23 minutes | 22:28 | Mir EO-18 base block |
👁 Russia Vladimir Dezhurov 👁 Russia Gennadi Strekalov |
Again working from the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Dezhurov and Strekalov prepared to move the recently arrived Spektr module by relocating a docking cone from the -Z port to the -Y port. |
| 14 July 03:56 |
5 hours 34 minutes |
09:30 | Mir EO-19 Kvant-2 |
👁 Russia Anatoly Solovyev 👁 Russia Nikolai Budarin |
Used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module and freed the stuck solar array. Also inspected the -Z docking port and found it to be undamaged. |
| 19 July 00:39 |
3 hours 8 minutes |
03:47 | Mir EO-19 Kvant-2 |
👁 Russia Anatoly Solovyev 👁 Russia Nikolai Budarin |
Solovyev had problems with his Orlan-DMA spacesuit cooling system, and had to stay tethered to an umbilical at Kvant-2. Budarin was able work his way to the far end of Spektr and do some preparations for the installation of the Mir infrared spectrometer (MIRAS). He also collected the American TREK cosmic ray panel that had been installed on Kvant-2 since 1991. |
| 21 July 00:28 |
5 hours 50 minutes |
06:18 | Mir EO-19 Kvant-2 |
👁 Russia Anatoly Solovyev 👁 Russia Nikolai Budarin |
Used the Strela boom to reach the Spektr module, where they completed the installation of MIRAS. |
| 16 September 08:20 |
6 hours 46 minutes |
15:06 | STS-69 Endeavour |
👁 United States James S. Voss 👁 United States Michael L. Gernhardt |
Installed thermal instruments on the apparatus in the payload bay. Also tested redesigned spacesuit helmet lights and spacesuit heaters.[7] |
| 20 October 11:50 |
5 hours 16 minutes |
17:06 | Mir EO-20 Kvant-2 |
👁 Russia Sergei Avdeyev 👁 Germany Thomas Reiter |
Used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module and installed several experiments on the European Space Exposure Facility. Reiter became the first ESA cosmonaut and German to complete an EVA.[8] |
| 8 December 19:23 |
29 minutes | 19:52 | Mir EO-20 base block |
👁 Russia Sergei Avdeyev 👁 Russia Yuri Gidzenko |
From inside the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Avdeyev and Gidzenko moved the Konus docking cone from the -Z port to the +Z port..[8] |
References
[edit]- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
- "Rocket Launch Manifest". Next Spaceflight.
- "Space Launch Plans". Novosti Kosmonavtiki.
- "Space Satellite Tracking". N2YO.
Footnotes
[edit]- ^ "H-II". astronautix.com. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
- ^ "20-Year-Old Military Weather Satellite Apparently Exploded in Orbit". Space.com. 2 March 2015. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
- ^ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (21 February 2024). "ESA ERS-2 satellite reentry on a track from Alaska to the Pacific confirmed: Space-Track gives 151.9W 37.4N over the Pacific at 1717 UTC. NOAA radar data taken 1842 UTC shows an upper-atmosphere debris trail extending S from the Alaska coast near 144W 59.5N" (Tweet) – via X (formerly Twitter).
- ^ Gibson, Hillary (14 December 2022). "SpOC officially retires DSCS satellite". Space Operations Command. United States Space Force. Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
- ^ Dumouline, Jim (2001). "sts-63-patch STS-63 (67)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
- ^ a b c McDonald, Sue (December 1998). "Mir Mission Chronicle" (PDF). NASA. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 March 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2009.
- ^ Dudoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-69 Day 9 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2009.
- ^ a b Mir Principal Expedition 20 and EuroMir 95 (PDF) (Report). pp. 28, 34. Retrieved 22 February 2025.