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⇱ Metazeunerite: Mineral information, data and localities.

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Metazeunerite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About MetazeuneriteHide

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Formula:
Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Colour:
Grass-green, emerald-green; green in transmitted light
Lustre:
Vitreous, Pearly
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
3.64
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named in 1937 by Aleksandr Evgenievich Fersman and Olga Mikhailovna Shubnikova for "Meta" for a lower hydration state and its relationship to zeunerite.
Meta-autunite Group.

A rare secondary mineral in the oxidized zones of arsenic-bearing hydrothermal uranium deposits. Commonly originates due to dehydration of zeunerite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

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Mindat ID:
2698
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2698:3

Classification of MetazeuneriteHide

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👁 00572780017683530272384.jpg
The autunite-type sheet

The autunite-type sheet found in members of the meta-autunite group and shared with members of the autunite group.

IMA Classification of MetazeuneriteHide

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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
8.EB.10

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
E : Uranyl phosphates and arsenates
B : UO2:RO4 = 1:1
40.2a.14.2

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2a : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O, containing (UO2)2+
20.7.4

20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
7 : Arsenates of U

Mineral SymbolsHide

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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
MzeuIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of MetazeuneriteHide

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Vitreous, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Lustre pearly on {001}.
Colour:
Grass-green, emerald-green; green in transmitted light
Streak:
Greenish white
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {001}, perfect; on {010}, distinct.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.64 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.87 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of MetazeuneriteHide

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Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.643 - 1.651 nε = 1.623 - 1.635
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.016 - 0.020
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.

Surface Relief:
Moderate
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Weakly dichroic in transmitted light.
O = Green
E = Pale green, bluish, colourless
Comments:
Indices of refraction vary continuously with the content of zeolitic water within the limits of the phase.

Chemistry of MetazeuneriteHide

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Mindat Formula:
Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
U46.419 %
O31.201 %
As14.611 %
Cu6.196 %
H1.573 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Crystallography of MetazeuneriteHide

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Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P42/n
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.1094 Å, c = 17.416 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.45
Unit Cell V:
880.3 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals rectangular, tabular on {001}, with {010}, or dipyramidal, terminated by {001}. Forms other than {001} commonly rough and striated horizontally. Commonly as foliated or micaceous aggregates.
Twinning:
Merohedrally twinned.
Comment:
Possesses 4/m 2/m 2/m pseudosymmetry.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0011098MetazeuneriteHennig C, Reck G, Reich T, Robberg A, Kraus W, Sieler J (2003) EXAFS and XRD investigations of zeunerite and meta-zeunerite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 218 37-45👁 Image
2003synthetic0293
0011097MetazeuneriteHennig C, Reck G, Reich T, Robberg A, Kraus W, Sieler J (2003) EXAFS and XRD investigations of zeunerite and meta-zeunerite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 218 37-45👁 Image
2003synthetic0293
0012422MetazeuneriteHanic F (1960) The crystal structure of meta-zeunerite Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2*8H2O Czechoslovak Journal of Physics B10 169-1811960Rotava, Ore Mountains, Czech Republic0293
0005833MetazeuneriteLocock A J, Burns P C (2003) Crystal structures and synthesis of the copper-dominant members of the autunite and meta-autunite groups: Torbernite, zeunerite, metatorbernite and metazeunerite The Canadian Mineralogist 41 489-502👁 Image
20030293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Epitaxial Relationships of MetazeuneriteHide

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Epitaxial Minerals:
'Trögerite'(H3O)(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2O
'Uranospinite'Ca(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2O
Epitaxy Comments:
Oriented growths of metazeunerite on trögerite and uranospinite, with parallel axes.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
8.86 Å(10)
5.57 Å(8)
5.10 Å(6)
3.73 Å(10)
3.57 Å(7)
3.30 Å(8)
1.561 Å(6)

Geological EnvironmentHide

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Paragenetic Mode(s):
Geological Setting:
Oxidized zones of arsenic-bearing hydrothermal uranium deposits.

Type Occurrence of MetazeuneriteHide

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Place of Conservation of Type Material:
State Museum of Mineralogy and Geology, Dresden, Germany. Mining Academy, Freiberg, Germany: #21730.

Other Language Names for MetazeuneriteHide

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Relationship of Metazeunerite to other SpeciesHide

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Other Members of Meta-autunite Group:
AbernathyiteK(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/ncc
ArsenosabugaliteH0.5Al0.5(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
Chernikovite(H3O)2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
LehneriteMn2+(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
Meta-ankoleiteK2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m)
MetaheinrichiteBa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2 : P21
MetakahleriteFe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
MetakirchheimeriteCo(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
MetalodèviteZn(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2OTet. 4/m : P42/m
MetanatroautuniteNa(UO2)(PO4)(H2O)3Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/ncc
MetanováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTet. 4/m : P4/n
MetarauchiteNi(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
MetasaléeiteMg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
MetatorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2OTet. 4/m : P4/n
MetauranocirciteBa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 7H2OMon. 2 : P21
MetauranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTet. 4/m : P42/n
NatrouranospiniteNa2(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 5H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
Trögerite(H3O)(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
Uramarsite(NH4)(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/mmm
Uramphite(NH4)2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
Forms a series with:

Common AssociatesHide

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Associations Based on Photo Data:
17 photos of Metazeunerite associated with QuartzSiO2
9 photos of Metazeunerite associated with ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
8 photos of Metazeunerite associated with OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
7 photos of Metazeunerite associated with FluoriteCaF2
6 photos of Metazeunerite associated with BaryteBaSO4
6 photos of Metazeunerite associated with 'Pitchblende'UO2
4 photos of Metazeunerite associated with PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O
4 photos of Metazeunerite associated with MetanováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
4 photos of Metazeunerite associated with SchorlNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
4 photos of Metazeunerite associated with BariopharmacosideriteBa0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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8.EB.Meta-autunite GroupA1-2(UO2)2(TO4)2 · 5-10H2O
8.EB.05RauchiteNi(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.EB.05UranocirciteBa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2OTet.
8.EB.05UranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
8.EB.05ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
8.EB.05MetarauchiteNi(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.EB.05HeinrichiteBa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.EB.05KahleriteFe(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2OTet. 4/m : P42/n
8.EB.05HydronováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.EB.05TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
8.EB.05NováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 10H2OMon. 2/m
8.EB.05AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.EB.05SaléeiteMg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2OMon. 2/m
8.EB.05Xiangjiangite(Fe3+,Al)(UO2)4(PO4)2(SO4)2(OH) · 22H2OTet.
8.EB.10BassetiteFe2+(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2OMon. 2/m
8.EB.10LehneriteMn2+(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.EB.10Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m)
8.EB.10MetasaléeiteMg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
8.EB.10MetauranocirciteBa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 7H2OMon. 2 : P21
8.EB.10MetauranospiniteCa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTet. 4/m : P42/n
8.EB.10MetaheinrichiteBa(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OMon. 2 : P21
8.EB.10MetakahleriteFe2+(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.EB.10MetakirchheimeriteCo(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.EB.10MetanováčekiteMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTet. 4/m : P4/n
8.EB.10MetanatroautuniteNa(UO2)(PO4)(H2O)3Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/ncc
8.EB.10MetatorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2OTet. 4/m : P4/n
8.EB.10PrzhevalskitePb2(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 3H2OTet.
8.EB.10'Pseudo-autunite'(H3O)4Ca2(UO2)2(PO4)4 · 5H2OOrth.
8.EB.15AbernathyiteK(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/ncc
8.EB.15Uramphite(NH4)2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
8.EB.15Meta-ankoleiteK2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
8.EB.15NatrouranospiniteNa2(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 5H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
8.EB.15Trögerite(H3O)(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
8.EB.15Chernikovite(H3O)2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/nmm
8.EB.15Uramarsite(NH4)(UO2)(AsO4) · 3H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/mmm
8.EB.20ChistyakovaiteAl(UO2)2(AsO4)2(F,OH) · 6.5H2OMon.
8.EB.20ThreadgolditeAl(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2OMon.
8.EB.25Uranospathite(Al,◻)(UO2)2(PO4)2F · 20(H2O,F)Orth. mm2 : Pnn2
8.EB.25ArsenuranospathiteAl(UO2)2(AsO4)2F · 20H2OOrth. mm2 : Pnn2
8.EB.30Vochtenite(Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH) · 12-13H2OMon.
8.EB.35CoconinoiteFe3+2Al2(UO2)2(PO4)4(SO4)(OH)2 · 20H2OMon.
8.EB.40RanunculiteHAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.EB.45TrianguliteAl3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2OTric.
8.EB.50FurongiteAl13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.EB.55ArsenosabugaliteH0.5Al0.5(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.EB.55SabugaliteHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4 · 16H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.EB.60Horákite(Bi7O7OH)[(UO2)4(PO4)2(AsO4)2(OH)2] · 3.5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b

RadioactivityHide

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Radioactivity:
Element % Content Activity (Bq/kg) Radiation Type
Uranium (U) 46.4192% 11,604,800 α, β, γ
Thorium (Th) 0.0000% 0 α, β, γ
Potassium (K) 0.0000% 0 β, γ

For comparison:

  • Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
  • Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
  • EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg

Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.

Interactive Simulator:

Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!

Activity: –

DistanceDose rateRisk
1 cm
10 cm
1 m

The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).

D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield

Fluorescence of MetazeuneriteHide

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Pale yellow-green (LWUV & SW UV).

Other InformationHide

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Notes:
Radioactive. Readily soluble in acids.
Health Risks:
Contains uranium - always wash hands after handling. Avoid inhaling dust when handling or breaking. Never lick or ingest. Avoid prolonged exposure in proximity of the body. Store away from inhabited areas.

Internet Links for MetazeuneriteHide

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mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2698.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

References for MetazeuneriteHide

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Reference List:

Localities for MetazeuneriteHide

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Showing 235 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 👁 Image
symbol to view information about a locality. The 👁 Image
symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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👁 Image
- This locality has map coordinates listed. 👁 Image
- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 👁 Image
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 👁 Image
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
  • Salta Province
    • Iruya Department
Raúl Joreg Tauber Larry
Australia
  • New South Wales
    • Gough Co.
      • Elsmore
Rankin et al. (2002) +1 other reference
  • Northern Territory
    • West Arnhem Region
      • South Alligator River
Henry et al. (2005)
  • South Australia
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Boolcoomatta Reserve (Boolcoomata Station)
Munro-Smith (2006)
    • Rural City of Murray Bridge
Johnson (1981)
  • Western Australia
    • Ashburton Shire
Nickel et al. (1993)
Ferguson (1999)
Austria
  • Salzburg
    • St. Johann im Pongau District
      • Forstau
Kolitsch et al. (2019)
    • Tamsweg District
      • Mauterndorf
        • Moserkopf
Schachinger et al. (2015)
  • Tyrol
    • Imst District
      • Umhausen
Schreieck E. et al. (2022)
    • Kitzbühel District
      • Jochberg
        • Kupferplatte
Kolitsch (2014)
    • Kufstein District
      • Wildschönau
        • Thierbach
          • Grassbergjöchl
Poeverlein et al. (2010)
    • Landeck District
      • Flirsch
58. +2 other references
  • Upper Austria
    • Steyr-Land District
      • Weyer
        • Unterlaussa
          • Unterlaussa mining district
Exel (1993)
  • Vorarlberg
    • Bludenz District
      • Gaschurn
        • Ochsen valley
Kolitsch (2016)
Brazil
  • Bahia
    • Brumado
      • Serra das Éguas
Cassedanne et al. (1978)
  • Goiás
    • Monte Alegre de Goiás
      • Mangabeira tin deposit
Moura et al. (2007) +1 other reference
Canada
  • British Columbia
    • Atlin Mining Division
      • Surprise Lake
Peatfield (n.d.)
  • Saskatchewan
    • Beaverlodge Lake area
      • Goldfields District
        • Consolidated Nicholson Mines
Hogarth (1951)
Chile
  • Antofagasta
    • El Loa Province
      • Calama
EDS analisis +1 other reference
EDS-SEM analysis +1 other reference
  • Atacama
    • Copiapó Province
      • Tierra Amarilla
        • Pampa Larga mining district
Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University)
samples analysed by Dr. Tony Kampf +2 other references
Yang et al. (2011)
China
  • Guizhou
    • Qianxinan
Shen (n.d.)
        • Dachang Sb ore field
Jeff Scovil
Czech Republic
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Příbram District
      • Háje
Plášil
Plášil J. et al. (2008)
  • Karlovy Vary Region
    • Karlovy Vary District
      • Jáchymov
Poirier et al. (2011)
Hloušek et al. (2002) +1 other reference
Plášil et al. (2014) +1 other reference
    • Sokolov District
Pauliš P. et al. (Kutna Hora, issue 1)
      • Přebuz
        • Přebuz
Rojík (2005)
Rojík (2005)
  • Olomouc Region
    • Jeseník District
      • Javorník
        • Zálesí
Sejkora (1994)
  • Ústí nad Labem Region
    • Teplice District
      • Krupka
        • Vrchoslav
Bull mineral petrolog 27 +2 other references
DR Congo
  • Lualaba
    • Mutshatsha
De Bondt (n.d.)
Deliens (1996)
Europe
  • Ore Mountains
Jansa et al. (1998) +1 other reference
France
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Puy-de-Dôme
      • Ambert
        • Ambert
J. Geffroy
      • Thiers
        • Lachaux
Y. Vessely collection
    • Rhône
      • Villefranche-sur-Saône
        • Les Ardillats
Favreau G. et al. (1996)
  • Grand Est
    • Bas-Rhin
      • Sélestat-Erstein
Wittern et al. (1997)
    • Haut-Rhin
      • Colmar-Ribeauvillé
        • Saint Hippolyte
Wittern et al. (1997)
      • Thann-Guebwiller
        • Kruth
Hohl (1994)
    • Vosges
      • Épinal
        • Le Val-d'Ajol
          • Faymont
Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references
Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Haute-Vienne
      • Bellac
        • Razès
Meisser et al. (2008)
            • Vilatte Quarries (La Vilate)
Hatert et al. (2020)
  • Occitanie
    • Hérault
      • Lodève
        • Le Bosc
- (1998)
- (1998)
        • Le Puech
Caubel (1997) +1 other reference
        • Lodève
- (1998)
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Var
      • Toulon
        • Le Pradet
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
Germany
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
        • Bollschweil
          • St Ulrich
Walenta (1992)
Walenta (1996)
        • Sulzburg
Walenta (1992)
      • Lörrach
        • Schönau im Schwarzwald
Walenta (1992)
        • Wieden
Walenta (1992)
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Gengenbach
          • Gengenbach
[Wittern (1995)
        • Haslach im Kinzigtal
          • Haslach im Kinzigtal
Blaß et al. (2000)
        • Hornberg
Walenta (1992)
          • Niederwasser
Walenta (1992)
        • Oberwolfach
Walenta (1992)
        • Seelbach
          • Seelbach
            • Weiler
Walenta (1992)
      • Rottweil
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
Slotta (2004)
            • Böckelsbach valley
Weiß (1990)
            • Burgfelsen
            • Heubach Valley
Walenta (1992)
        • Schramberg
          • Falkenstein valley
      • Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis
        • Triberg im Schwarzwald
          • Nußbach
Steen (2007)
        • Vöhrenbach
          • Hammereisenbach-Bregenbach
Walenta (1992)
      • Waldshut
        • St Blasien
          • Menzenschwand
Walenta (1992)
            • Vorderdorf
Weiß (1990)
    • Karlsruhe Region
      • Baden-Baden
        • Kälbelberg
Walenta (1992)
Walenta (1992)
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Franconia
      • Aschaffenburg District
        • Sailauf
          • Hartkoppe
    • Upper Franconia
      • Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge
        • Weißenstadt
          • Rudolfstein
Hanneberg et al. (2009) +1 other reference
  • Hesse
    • Darmstadt
      • Darmstadt-Dieburg
        • Mühltal
          • Nieder-Ramstadt
  • Lower Saxony
    • Goslar District
      • Braunlage
Weiß (1990)
    • Göttingen District
      • Herzberg am Harz
        • Sieber
Gröbner et al. (2011)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Siegen-Wittgenstein
        • Kreuztal
          • Ferndorf
Der Aufschluss 2000 (2)
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Bad Kreuznach
      • Feilbingert
        • Lemberg
G. Dreyer (3)
      • Rüdesheim
        • Niederhausen
          • Schmittenzug mine
Weiß (1990)
N. Jb. Miner. Abh. 115 (1971)
    • Birkenfeld
      • Birkenfeld
        • Ellweiler
Aufschluss 69/ (7+8) +1 other reference
    • Donnersbergkreis
      • Winnweiler
        • Imsbach
Noll (1984)
Wittern (2001)
Wittern (2001)
        • Winnweiler
Weiß (1990)
    • Kusel
      • Lauterecken-Wolfstein
        • Hinzweiler
Weiß (1990)
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
      • Annaberg-Buchholz
        • Kleinrückerswalde
Desor (05/2020)
Gröbner et al. (2006)
        • Rittersgrün
Hamann (2015)
https://www.mineralienatlas.de/?l=3390
      • Marienberg
        • Lauta
Hajek (2010)
      • Raschau-Markersbach
        • Langenberg
          • Graul
www.dergraul.de (2001)
      • Schneeberg
        • Neustädtel
Plášil et al. (2010) +1 other reference
          • Weißer Hirsch Mine (shaft 3)
Geochemist's and Mineralogist's Compendium (1937) +2 other references
          • Wolfgangmaßen
            • Wolfgangmaßen mines (Wolfgangmaaßen mines)
Gröbner et al. (2005)
      • Schwarzenberg
        • Crandorf
Gröbner et al. (2006) +1 other reference
      • Zschorlau
Thorne (n.d.)
India
  • Andhra Pradesh
    • Guntur District
Verma et al. (2018)
Iran
  • Isfahan Province
    • Nain County
      • Anarak District
Bariand et al. (1993)
Italy
  • Piedmont
    • Cuneo Province
      • Bagnolo Piemonte
Ciriotti et al. (2021)
Ciriotti et al. (2021)
Giuseppe Finello and Bruno Marello ...
  • Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
    • South Tyrol
      • Überetsch-Unterland (Oltradige-Bassa Atesina)
        • Aldein (Aldino)
          • Radein (Redagno)
            • Bletterbach Gorge
Ferretti et al. (2017)
    • Trento Province
      • Bocenago
        • Monte Toff
Ravagnani (1974)
      • Borgo Chiese
        • Condino
Campostrini et al. (2006)
      • Predazzo
Vecchi et al. (2013)
      • Valdaone
        • Daone
          • Daone Valley
            • Limes
Campostrini et al. (2005)
      • Ville di Fiemme
        • Carano
          • San Lugano pass
Demartin et al. (2018) +2 other references
  • Tuscany
    • Livorno Province
      • Livorno
        • Valle Benedetta
LIBVRNA N°2 September 2021
      • Portoferraio
Millosevich F. (1912) +2 other references
  • Veneto
    • Vicenza Province
      • Valli del Pasubio
Domenico Saccardo et al. (2019) +1 other reference
Japan
  • Okayama Prefecture
    • Kurashiki City
Mineralogical Journal +1 other reference
Kazakhstan
  • Jambyl Region
    • Moiynkum District
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
  • Jetisu Region
    • Alakol District
Kopchenova et al. (1962) +3 other references
Mexico
  • Guerrero
    • Coyuca de Catalán Municipality
Joan Rosell (2022)
Morocco
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
    • Zagora Province
      • Agdz Cercle
        • Tansifte Caïdat
Favreau et al. (2006)
Namibia
  • Erongo Region
    • Dâures Constituency
Schnaitmann et al. (2007)
Herbert Nägele collection
  • Oshikoto Region
    • Tsumeb
Keller et al. (1986)
Norway
  • Nordland
    • Narvik
Husdal (2019)
Poland
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Karkonosze County
      • Gmina Stara Kamienica
        • Kopaniec
Mochnacka et al. (2000) +2 other references
    • Kłodzko County
      • Gmina Stronie Śląskie
Macioch et al. (2018)
    • Lubin County
Kucha (2021)
    • Polkowice County
      • Gmina Polkowice
Kucha (2021)
Portugal
  • Viseu
    • Mangualde
      • Tavares (Chãs; Várzea e Travanca)
        • Tragos
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data
Russia
  • Adygea (Republic of Adygea)
    • Maykopsky District
Pekov I.V. et al. (2010)
  • Altai Krai
    • Charyshsky District
 ...
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Tenkinsky District
      • Ust-Omchug
Зубрев И.Н
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Borzinsky District
      • Sherlovogorskoe
Nazarchuk et al. (2023)
    • Nerchinsky District
      • Adun-Cholon Range
Kasatkin et al. (2014) +1 other reference
    • Olovyanninsky District
Eremin et al. (2023)
Slovakia
  • Košice Region
    • Spišská Nová Ves District
      • Spišská Nová Ves
        • Novoveská Huta
Martin Števko-unpublished
  • Žilina Region
    • Liptovský Mikuláš District
      • Východná
        • Nižný Chmelienec Valley
Hoppanová E. et al. (2021)
South Africa
  • Mpumalanga
    • Nkangala District Municipality
      • Thembisile Hani Local Municipality
Cairncross et al. (1995)
  • Western Cape
    • Central Karoo District Municipality
      • Beaufort West Local Municipality
        • Beaufort West
Cairncross et al. (1995)
Spain
  • Castile and Leon
    • León
      • Cármenes
Calvo Rebollar (2015)
  • Catalonia
    • Lleida
      • Pallars Jussà
        • La Vall Fosca
          • La Torre de Cabdella
            • Castell-estaó
Castillo-Oliver et al. (2019)
    • Tarragona
      • Conca de Barberà
        • Vimbodí i Poblet
          • Bosc de Poblet
Joan Rosell (2021)
  • Extremadura
    • Badajoz
      • La Haba
www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.)
www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.)
  • Valencian Community
    • Castellón
      • Chóvar
        • Bellota ravine
Viñals et al. (2007)
Honrubia et al. (2002)
Switzerland
  • Glarus
    • Glarus Nord
      • Mürtschenalp
        • Chalttal area
Meisser (1999)
Stalder et al. (1998)
  • Valais
    • Goms
      • Binn
Gorsatt (Ed.)
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Martigny
      • Isérables
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Östlich Raron
      • Grengiols
        • Chummibort
Cuchet et al. (2005)
    • Saint-Maurice
      • Salvan
        • Les Marécottes
          • La Creusaz
Meisser (2012)
    • Visp
      • Törbel
Stalder et al. (1998)
UK
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • Carharrack
Bruce et al. (1998)
      • Perranzabuloe
        • Perranporth
          • Cligga Head
      • St Day
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
      • St Just
        • Botallack
S. Rust collection
Rocks & Min.: 60 (1) +2 other references
        • Pendeen
Golley et al. (1995)
      • St Stephen-in-Brannel
Golley et al. (1995)
  • Scotland
    • Dumfries and Galloway
Braithwaite et al. (1990)
Day (1999)
      • Needle's Eye
R. S. W. Braithwaite and J. R. Knight (1990) +1 other reference
USA
  • Alaska
    • Bethel Census Area
      • Aniak Mining District
- (2008)
    • Denali Borough
      • McGrath Mining District
- (2008)
    • Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area
      • Koyukuk Mining District
- (2008)
  • Arizona
    • Apache County
      • Cane Valley Mining District
        • Yazzie Mesa
          • Monument No. 2 channel
Frondel (1958) +3 other references
    • Coconino County
      • Cameron Mining District
Holland et al. (1958) +1 other reference
          • Arrow Head Mines (Arrow Head claims)
Galbraith (1959)
Galbraith (1959)
Galbraith (1959)
          • Huskon Mines (Huskon group)
Galbraith (1959)
      • Grandview Mining District
        • Horseshoe Mesa
Leicht (1971) +1 other reference
      • Orphan Mining District
        • Grand Canyon Village
Gornitz (2004)
    • Gila County
      • Sierra Ancha Mountains
        • Sierra Ancha Mining District
Granger (1969) +1 other reference
    • Navajo County
      • Petrified Forest Mining District
        • Sun Valley
Galbraith (1959) +1 other reference
  • California
    • Kern County
      • Kern River Uranium Mining District
        • Miracle Hot Springs (Hobo Hot Springs)
Troxel et al. (1962) +2 other references
MacKevett et al. (1960) +2 other references
    • Nevada County
      • Floriston
Walker et al. (1956) +2 other references
    • Plumas County
      • Chilcoot
        • Red Rock area
Walker et al. (1956) +1 other reference
Walker et al. (1956) +2 other references
      • Last Chance Mining District
        • Adams Peak
Dunning et al. (2005)
  • Colorado
    • Garfield County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Hinsdale County
Rocks & Minerals: Sept
    • Huerfano County
      • La Veta Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Jefferson County
      • Ralston Buttes Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Saguache County
      • Cochetopa Mining District (Cochetopa Creek Mining District)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Gross (1965) +1 other reference
    • San Juan County
      • Elk Park
Rocks & Min.:65:59.
  • Montana
    • Jefferson County
      • Clancy-Lump Gulch Mining District
Meschter (1953) +1 other reference
  • Nevada
    • Churchill County
      • Cottonwood Canyon
        • Bolivia
Castor et al. (2004)
    • Humboldt County
      • Montana Mountains
        • Disaster Mining District
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ... +1 other reference
    • Pershing County
      • Antelope Mining District
Ameican Mineralogist +2 other references
  • New Hampshire
    • Coos County
      • Gorham
B. Wilkens collection.
  • New Jersey
    • Sussex County
      • Ogdensburg
        • Sterling Hill
Dunn (1995) +1 other reference
  • Pennsylvania
    • Lycoming County
      • Franklin Township
Smith and Hoff (1984)
      • Penn Township
Smith and Hioff (1984)
Eric Quinter collection
  • South Dakota
    • Harding County
Roberts et al. (1965)
      • North Cave Hills
Roberts et al. (1965)
Roberts et al. (1965)
  • Utah
    • East Tintic Mountains
      • Tintic Mining District
        • Mammoth
Collected by and in the collection of +1 other reference
    • Emery County
      • Calf Mesa Mining District
Bullock (1981)
      • San Rafael Swell Mining District
        • Green Vein Mesa
Bullock (1981)
          • Green Vein Group
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Page et al. (1956) +2 other references
Thomspon et al. (1956) +1 other reference
Bullock (1981)
    • Juab County
      • Eureka
Palache et al. (1951)
    • San Juan County
      • Deer Flat Mining District
Bullock (1981)
      • Elk Ridge Mining District
Page et al. (1956) +2 other references
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
      • Lisbon Valley Mining District
King et al. (1995)
      • Red Canyon Mining District
collected by and in the collection of ...
Page et al. (1956) +1 other reference
Bullock (1981)
      • White Canyon Mining District
USGS TEI #514 +2 other references
Trites et al. (1958) +1 other reference
    • Tooele County
      • Gold Hill Mining District (Clifton Mining District)
        • Gold Hill
Kokinos et al. (1993)
Kokinos et al. (1993)
    • Wayne County
Bullock (1981)
  • Wyoming
    • Fremont County
Page et al. (1956) +2 other references
Hausel et al. (2001)
Uzbekistan
  • Namangan Region
    • Pop District
Pekov (1998) +1 other reference
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